WGU ELO1 (Subject-Specific Pedagogy) Questions
and Answers(A+ Solution guide)
Two Way Immersion/Dual Language - Answer-A Native English speaking group and a
non-English group, are both taught academic content in both languages for an extended
period of time. Helps develop academic proficiency in both languages
/.Transitional Bilingual Education - Answer-ELLs receive academic instruction for their
first language for part of the day. For the remainder of the day, they receive ESL taught
traditionally, with the focus on language plus some mainstream classes. As English
proficiency increases ,instruction through the first language decreases. Lasts 2-4 years.
/.ESL Pull-out - Answer-Students attend mainstream classes for much of the day and
also meet seperately for about 3-10 hours a week in small gourps with an ESL instructor
who focuses on language development.
/.Content-Based ESL - Answer-ELLs receive ESL instruction, taught by and ESL
licensed teacher, in preparation for grade-level content instruction in English. The
emphasis is still on language development, but augmented with academic subject
matter vocabulary and beginning concepts.
/.Sheltered English Instruction - Answer-ELLs are taught academic content in English by
a content licensed teacher. However, the English language used for instruction is
adapted to the proficiency level of the students. While the instruction focuses on
content, sheltered English instruction also promotes English language development.
/.Structured English Immersion - Answer-ELLs are taught subject matter in English by a
content licensed teacher who is also licensed in ESL or bilingual education. The teacher
is proficient in the first language of the student. Students may use their native language
for clarification, but the teacher uses only English. NO ESL instruction is provided in this
model.
/.Civil Rights Act - Answer-No person based on national origin is denied the benefit of
federal funded programs
/.Elementary and Secondary Education Act - Answer--Various grants targeting specific
populations called "titles".
-Title 3 is for language instruction for LEP and immigrant students.
/.Equal Education Opportunities Act - Answer-prohibits denying of equal educational
opportunities based on race, color, sex, or national origin.
/.Lau V. Nichols - Answer-~Equal treatment doesn't mean providing students with same
facilities, textbooks, teachers and curriculums
, ~Equal learning opportunities means different enhanced/modified approaches,
materials, learning environment to meet learners needs
~Teach in English but 1st language is allowed
/.Castaneda V. Pickard - Answer-~Texas school wasn't providing "Adequate
instruction", meaning ESL services based on research, evidence theory and pedagogy,
services implemented by trained teachers and appropriate resources, and regular
monitoring of program effectiveness with action to modify programs if found ineffective
/.Office of Civil Rights - Answer-~issued specific guidelines and mandates:
1 Qualified ESL teachers and evaluations of them
2 Criteria to exit students from ESL services
3 ESL students who qualify for sped
4ESL students who qualify for gt and other specialized programs.
/.Plyler v. Doe - Answer-Supreme court ruled that regardless of documentation and
citizen status, all children deserve free public education
/.NCLB - Answer-~Schools must provide plan and documents of researched based ESL
services
~For ELL's
1 Requires annual assessment of EL's language proficiency
2 schools are expected to meet annual measurable achievement objectives as
determinded by the state.
/.Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: IDEA - Answer-~EL's need to be assessed
for abilities in the language they are most comfortable with
~Translators must be provided to inform parents and for the EL's to go through testing
~Multiple assessments must be included
/.home language survey (HLS) - Answer-A survey required by the Office of Civil Rights
upon a student's admission to a public school to determine the predominant language
spoken in the student's home.
/.Horne v Flores - Answer-The Supreme Court declared that federal equal-education
laws are concerned with student outcomes, not financial inputs. Though the EEOA
requires states to take "appropriate action"26 to help ELs from falling behind their non-
EL peers, the Court found that individual states must determine how that obligation will
be met, both financially and programmatically.
/.FERPA (Family Education Rights and Privacy Act) - Answer-Schools are prohibited
from providing any outside agency—including the Immigration and Naturalization
Service—with any information from a student's school file that would expose their 6
Chapter 1: Legal Guidelines | August 2016
and Answers(A+ Solution guide)
Two Way Immersion/Dual Language - Answer-A Native English speaking group and a
non-English group, are both taught academic content in both languages for an extended
period of time. Helps develop academic proficiency in both languages
/.Transitional Bilingual Education - Answer-ELLs receive academic instruction for their
first language for part of the day. For the remainder of the day, they receive ESL taught
traditionally, with the focus on language plus some mainstream classes. As English
proficiency increases ,instruction through the first language decreases. Lasts 2-4 years.
/.ESL Pull-out - Answer-Students attend mainstream classes for much of the day and
also meet seperately for about 3-10 hours a week in small gourps with an ESL instructor
who focuses on language development.
/.Content-Based ESL - Answer-ELLs receive ESL instruction, taught by and ESL
licensed teacher, in preparation for grade-level content instruction in English. The
emphasis is still on language development, but augmented with academic subject
matter vocabulary and beginning concepts.
/.Sheltered English Instruction - Answer-ELLs are taught academic content in English by
a content licensed teacher. However, the English language used for instruction is
adapted to the proficiency level of the students. While the instruction focuses on
content, sheltered English instruction also promotes English language development.
/.Structured English Immersion - Answer-ELLs are taught subject matter in English by a
content licensed teacher who is also licensed in ESL or bilingual education. The teacher
is proficient in the first language of the student. Students may use their native language
for clarification, but the teacher uses only English. NO ESL instruction is provided in this
model.
/.Civil Rights Act - Answer-No person based on national origin is denied the benefit of
federal funded programs
/.Elementary and Secondary Education Act - Answer--Various grants targeting specific
populations called "titles".
-Title 3 is for language instruction for LEP and immigrant students.
/.Equal Education Opportunities Act - Answer-prohibits denying of equal educational
opportunities based on race, color, sex, or national origin.
/.Lau V. Nichols - Answer-~Equal treatment doesn't mean providing students with same
facilities, textbooks, teachers and curriculums
, ~Equal learning opportunities means different enhanced/modified approaches,
materials, learning environment to meet learners needs
~Teach in English but 1st language is allowed
/.Castaneda V. Pickard - Answer-~Texas school wasn't providing "Adequate
instruction", meaning ESL services based on research, evidence theory and pedagogy,
services implemented by trained teachers and appropriate resources, and regular
monitoring of program effectiveness with action to modify programs if found ineffective
/.Office of Civil Rights - Answer-~issued specific guidelines and mandates:
1 Qualified ESL teachers and evaluations of them
2 Criteria to exit students from ESL services
3 ESL students who qualify for sped
4ESL students who qualify for gt and other specialized programs.
/.Plyler v. Doe - Answer-Supreme court ruled that regardless of documentation and
citizen status, all children deserve free public education
/.NCLB - Answer-~Schools must provide plan and documents of researched based ESL
services
~For ELL's
1 Requires annual assessment of EL's language proficiency
2 schools are expected to meet annual measurable achievement objectives as
determinded by the state.
/.Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: IDEA - Answer-~EL's need to be assessed
for abilities in the language they are most comfortable with
~Translators must be provided to inform parents and for the EL's to go through testing
~Multiple assessments must be included
/.home language survey (HLS) - Answer-A survey required by the Office of Civil Rights
upon a student's admission to a public school to determine the predominant language
spoken in the student's home.
/.Horne v Flores - Answer-The Supreme Court declared that federal equal-education
laws are concerned with student outcomes, not financial inputs. Though the EEOA
requires states to take "appropriate action"26 to help ELs from falling behind their non-
EL peers, the Court found that individual states must determine how that obligation will
be met, both financially and programmatically.
/.FERPA (Family Education Rights and Privacy Act) - Answer-Schools are prohibited
from providing any outside agency—including the Immigration and Naturalization
Service—with any information from a student's school file that would expose their 6
Chapter 1: Legal Guidelines | August 2016
