BUSINESS LAW TEST 1 REVIEW
Law - ANS -A body of rules of action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority and having
binding legal force. must be obeyed and followed by citizens, subject to sanctions or legal
consequences.
Brown v. Board of Education - ANS -Overturned provisions of the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson
decision declaring that "separate education facilities are inherently unequal." Demonstrated that
one Supreme Court case can overrule prior Supreme Court cases to promote justice.
English Common Law - ANS -Law developed by judges who issued their opinions when
deciding a case. The principles announced in these cases became precedent for later judges
deciding similar cases.
Law Court - ANS -A court that developed and administered a uniform set of laws decreed by
the kings and queens after William the Conqueror; legal procedure was emphasized over merits
at the time.
Chancery Courts - ANS -A court having jurisdiction in equity
Merchant Courts - ANS -A court in England that solved commercial disputes by applying
common trade practices and usage. The Law Merchant.
The U.S. Constitution - ANS -Supreme law of the United States.
The Federal Government - ANS -Legislative branch to enact the law; Executive branch
(president) to enforce the law; judicial branch (courts) to interpret and determine the validity of
the law.
Treaties - ANS -A compact made between two or more nations.
Statute - ANS -Written law enacted by the legislative branch of the federal and state
governments that establishes certain courses of conduct that covered parties must adhere to.
Federal Statutes - ANS -A statute that regulates foreign and interstate commerce.
State Statutes - ANS -Statutes that state legislatures enact. Ex) Texas Natural Resource Code
regulates oil, gas, mining, geothermal, and other natural resources in the state.
, Ordinances - ANS -Law enacted by local government bodies, such as cities and municipalities,
countries, school districts and water districts. Ex) Zoning laws, building codes, and sign
restrictions.
Executive Order - ANS -An order issued by a member of the executive branch of the
government.
Administrative agencies - ANS -Agencies that the legislative and executive branches of federal
and state governments are empowered to establish.
Judicial Decision - ANS -A decision about an individual lawsuit issued by a federal or state
court.
Precedent - ANS -A rule of law established in a court decision. Lower courts must follow the
precedent established by higher courts.
Stare decisis - ANS -"to stand by the decision." The doctrine of stare decisis promotes
uniformity of law within a jurisdiction, makes the court system more efficient, and makes the law
more predictable for individuals and businesses.
Limited-jurisdiction trial court - ANS -A court that hears matters of specialized or limited nature.
Ex) Traffic courts, juvenile courts, probate courts, justice-of-the-peace courts, family law courts
etc. (inferior trial court)
General-jurisdiction trial court - ANS -A court that hears cases of a general nature that is not
within the jurisdiction of limited-jurisdiction trial courts. Testimony and evidence at trial are
recorded and stored for future reference. (court of record) Ex) Felonies, civil cases more than a
certain dollar amount.
intermediate appellate court - ANS -A court that hears appeals from trial courts. (appellate court
of courts of appeals)
State Supreme Court - ANS -The highest court in a state court system; hears appeals from
intermediate appellate state courts and certain trials.
U.S. District Courts - ANS -The federal court system's trial court of general jurisdiction. Each
state has at least one.
U.S. courts of appeal - ANS -There are 13 circuits in the federal court system.
U.S. Supreme Court - ANS -Highest court in the land
Writ of Certiorari - ANS -An official note that the Supreme Court will review a case.
Law - ANS -A body of rules of action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority and having
binding legal force. must be obeyed and followed by citizens, subject to sanctions or legal
consequences.
Brown v. Board of Education - ANS -Overturned provisions of the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson
decision declaring that "separate education facilities are inherently unequal." Demonstrated that
one Supreme Court case can overrule prior Supreme Court cases to promote justice.
English Common Law - ANS -Law developed by judges who issued their opinions when
deciding a case. The principles announced in these cases became precedent for later judges
deciding similar cases.
Law Court - ANS -A court that developed and administered a uniform set of laws decreed by
the kings and queens after William the Conqueror; legal procedure was emphasized over merits
at the time.
Chancery Courts - ANS -A court having jurisdiction in equity
Merchant Courts - ANS -A court in England that solved commercial disputes by applying
common trade practices and usage. The Law Merchant.
The U.S. Constitution - ANS -Supreme law of the United States.
The Federal Government - ANS -Legislative branch to enact the law; Executive branch
(president) to enforce the law; judicial branch (courts) to interpret and determine the validity of
the law.
Treaties - ANS -A compact made between two or more nations.
Statute - ANS -Written law enacted by the legislative branch of the federal and state
governments that establishes certain courses of conduct that covered parties must adhere to.
Federal Statutes - ANS -A statute that regulates foreign and interstate commerce.
State Statutes - ANS -Statutes that state legislatures enact. Ex) Texas Natural Resource Code
regulates oil, gas, mining, geothermal, and other natural resources in the state.
, Ordinances - ANS -Law enacted by local government bodies, such as cities and municipalities,
countries, school districts and water districts. Ex) Zoning laws, building codes, and sign
restrictions.
Executive Order - ANS -An order issued by a member of the executive branch of the
government.
Administrative agencies - ANS -Agencies that the legislative and executive branches of federal
and state governments are empowered to establish.
Judicial Decision - ANS -A decision about an individual lawsuit issued by a federal or state
court.
Precedent - ANS -A rule of law established in a court decision. Lower courts must follow the
precedent established by higher courts.
Stare decisis - ANS -"to stand by the decision." The doctrine of stare decisis promotes
uniformity of law within a jurisdiction, makes the court system more efficient, and makes the law
more predictable for individuals and businesses.
Limited-jurisdiction trial court - ANS -A court that hears matters of specialized or limited nature.
Ex) Traffic courts, juvenile courts, probate courts, justice-of-the-peace courts, family law courts
etc. (inferior trial court)
General-jurisdiction trial court - ANS -A court that hears cases of a general nature that is not
within the jurisdiction of limited-jurisdiction trial courts. Testimony and evidence at trial are
recorded and stored for future reference. (court of record) Ex) Felonies, civil cases more than a
certain dollar amount.
intermediate appellate court - ANS -A court that hears appeals from trial courts. (appellate court
of courts of appeals)
State Supreme Court - ANS -The highest court in a state court system; hears appeals from
intermediate appellate state courts and certain trials.
U.S. District Courts - ANS -The federal court system's trial court of general jurisdiction. Each
state has at least one.
U.S. courts of appeal - ANS -There are 13 circuits in the federal court system.
U.S. Supreme Court - ANS -Highest court in the land
Writ of Certiorari - ANS -An official note that the Supreme Court will review a case.
