CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 2: Science; d d d d d d
Mathematics test with verified answers d d d d
atom - d d
the smallest unit of an element that still holds the properties of the element. Made
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
up of protons, neutrons, and electrons
d d d d d
proton - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d positively charged, located in the nucleus of the atom, has a mass of 1AMU
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
neutron - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d neutral charge, located in the nucleus of the atom, has a mass of 1 AMU
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
electron - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d has a negative charge, orbits outside of the nucleus, has a mass of 1/1836 AMU
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
balanced atom - d d d
same number of protons and electrons
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
ion - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d atom with an unbalanced charge--either positive or negative.
d d d d d d d
isotope - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d an atom with a different number of neutrons than the standard amount for that
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
element.
atomic mass - d d d
the amount of matter that makes up an atom. Estimate in AMUs by adding up the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
protons and neutrons. d d
atomic number - d d d
The number of protons an atom has. This defines the type of element.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
half-life - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d the time it takes for half of the atoms of a particular substance to disintegrate.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
carbon dating - d d d
Method of measuring the ratio of Carbon 14 to Carbon 12. The longer something
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
has been dead, the "more" carbon 12 it has. Only accurate on items <50,000 years old.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
periodic table of elements - d d d d d
Elements are arranged in rows according to their atomic number, and columns
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
loosely according to their chemical properties.
d d d d d
compound - d d
a substance of 2 or more elements (ex. H20--water, CO2--carbon dioxide, NaCL--
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
table salt) d
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,ionic bond - d d d
bonds a metal with a non-metal. One atom loses an electron to form a positive ion,
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
and the other gains an electron to form a negative ion; creating an electrostatic force that
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
holds them together. d d
covalent bond - d d d
a bond formed when atoms share 1 or more of their valence electrons.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
chemical change - d d d
the chemical composition of a substance is altered.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
hint: fire is an example of a chemical change taking place.
d d d d d d d d d d
catalyst - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d something that starts a chemical change (ex. a spark) d d d d d d d d
mixture - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d material that can be separated by physical means into two or more substances
d d d d d d d d d d d d
solution - d d
homogenus mixture in which one substance is completely dissolved into another
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
substance (ex. salt water) d d d
suspension - d d
a mixture in which small particles are kept dispersed by agitation or molecular
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
motion in a surrounding medium (ex. muddy river water)
d d d d d d d d
physical change - d d d
a change from one state to another without a change in the chemical composition
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
of a substance
d d
compression - d d
changes the volume of a substance
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
states of matter - d d d d
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
solid - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d cannot be compressed; does not take the shape of its container
d d d d d d d d d d
liquid - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d cannot be compressed; does take on the shape of its container
d d d d d d d d d d
gas - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d can be compressed; does take on the shape of its container
d d d d d d d d d d
temperature and pressure - d d d d
the factors that change matter from one state to another
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Charles' Law - d d d
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, d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d when the temperature of a substance increases, so does its volume
d d d d d d d d d d
Boyle's Law - d d d
When the pressure of a substance increases, its volume decreases
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
pH - d d
"potential for hydrogen" the measure of the presence of hydrogen ions in a
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
substance. It affects its propensity to bond with other substances. Measured using a litmus
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
test, where 7 is distilled H20. The lower the number, the more acidic the substance (vinegar);
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
the higher the number, the more alkaline (ammonia, bleach).
d d d d d d d d
7- d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d pH of distilled water
d d d
2.4 - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d pH of distilled white vinegar
d d d d
2.38-4.75 - d d
pH of most soft drinks
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
9-10 - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d pH of most detergents
d d d
matter - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d anything that has mass and takes up space d d d d d d d
color - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d the hue of an object as perceived by humans
d d d d d d d d
mass - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d a physical property of matter. an object's resistance to being accelerated.
d d d d d d d d d d
density - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d an object's mass per unit volume
d d d d d
hardness - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d how resistant solid matter is to an external force
d d d d d d d d
electrical conductivity - d d d
a material's ability to conduct electricity
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
thermal conductivity - d d d
a material's ability to conduct heat
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
physical properties of matter - d d d d d
how we classify the observable properties of matter (ex. color, mass, density,
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
hardness, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity)
d d d d
extensive properties of matter - d d d d d
properties of matter that depend on the amount of substance being used
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
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Mathematics test with verified answers d d d d
atom - d d
the smallest unit of an element that still holds the properties of the element. Made
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
up of protons, neutrons, and electrons
d d d d d
proton - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d positively charged, located in the nucleus of the atom, has a mass of 1AMU
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
neutron - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d neutral charge, located in the nucleus of the atom, has a mass of 1 AMU
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
electron - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d has a negative charge, orbits outside of the nucleus, has a mass of 1/1836 AMU
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
balanced atom - d d d
same number of protons and electrons
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
ion - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d atom with an unbalanced charge--either positive or negative.
d d d d d d d
isotope - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d an atom with a different number of neutrons than the standard amount for that
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
element.
atomic mass - d d d
the amount of matter that makes up an atom. Estimate in AMUs by adding up the
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
protons and neutrons. d d
atomic number - d d d
The number of protons an atom has. This defines the type of element.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
half-life - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d the time it takes for half of the atoms of a particular substance to disintegrate.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
carbon dating - d d d
Method of measuring the ratio of Carbon 14 to Carbon 12. The longer something
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
has been dead, the "more" carbon 12 it has. Only accurate on items <50,000 years old.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
periodic table of elements - d d d d d
Elements are arranged in rows according to their atomic number, and columns
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
loosely according to their chemical properties.
d d d d d
compound - d d
a substance of 2 or more elements (ex. H20--water, CO2--carbon dioxide, NaCL--
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
table salt) d
1|Page
,ionic bond - d d d
bonds a metal with a non-metal. One atom loses an electron to form a positive ion,
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
and the other gains an electron to form a negative ion; creating an electrostatic force that
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
holds them together. d d
covalent bond - d d d
a bond formed when atoms share 1 or more of their valence electrons.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
chemical change - d d d
the chemical composition of a substance is altered.
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
hint: fire is an example of a chemical change taking place.
d d d d d d d d d d
catalyst - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d something that starts a chemical change (ex. a spark) d d d d d d d d
mixture - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d material that can be separated by physical means into two or more substances
d d d d d d d d d d d d
solution - d d
homogenus mixture in which one substance is completely dissolved into another
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
substance (ex. salt water) d d d
suspension - d d
a mixture in which small particles are kept dispersed by agitation or molecular
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
motion in a surrounding medium (ex. muddy river water)
d d d d d d d d
physical change - d d d
a change from one state to another without a change in the chemical composition
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
of a substance
d d
compression - d d
changes the volume of a substance
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
states of matter - d d d d
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
solid - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d cannot be compressed; does not take the shape of its container
d d d d d d d d d d
liquid - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d cannot be compressed; does take on the shape of its container
d d d d d d d d d d
gas - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d can be compressed; does take on the shape of its container
d d d d d d d d d d
temperature and pressure - d d d d
the factors that change matter from one state to another
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
Charles' Law - d d d
2|Page
, d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d when the temperature of a substance increases, so does its volume
d d d d d d d d d d
Boyle's Law - d d d
When the pressure of a substance increases, its volume decreases
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
pH - d d
"potential for hydrogen" the measure of the presence of hydrogen ions in a
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
substance. It affects its propensity to bond with other substances. Measured using a litmus
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
test, where 7 is distilled H20. The lower the number, the more acidic the substance (vinegar);
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
the higher the number, the more alkaline (ammonia, bleach).
d d d d d d d d
7- d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d pH of distilled water
d d d
2.4 - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d pH of distilled white vinegar
d d d d
2.38-4.75 - d d
pH of most soft drinks
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
9-10 - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d pH of most detergents
d d d
matter - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d anything that has mass and takes up space d d d d d d d
color - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d the hue of an object as perceived by humans
d d d d d d d d
mass - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d a physical property of matter. an object's resistance to being accelerated.
d d d d d d d d d d
density - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d an object's mass per unit volume
d d d d d
hardness - d d
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d how resistant solid matter is to an external force
d d d d d d d d
electrical conductivity - d d d
a material's ability to conduct electricity
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
thermal conductivity - d d d
a material's ability to conduct heat
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
physical properties of matter - d d d d d
how we classify the observable properties of matter (ex. color, mass, density,
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
hardness, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity)
d d d d
extensive properties of matter - d d d d d
properties of matter that depend on the amount of substance being used
d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
3|Page
