BIO269 Final Exam Study Guide Already
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The alimentary canal is also known as... - =The gastrointestinal (GI) tract
What organs are part of the GI tract? - =Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, anus
What are the accessory organs? - =Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
What do the salivary glands do? - =Moisten, lubricate, and breakdown carbs and fats
What does the pancreas do? - =Enzymes are secreted into the duodenum that neutralize stomach
acid
What does the liver do? - =Secrete bile into duodenum, breakdown fats, neutralize stomach acid
What does the gallbladder do? - =Stores bile made by the liver
What are the 6 steps of digestion? - =1. Ingestion
2. Propulsion
3. Mechanical breakdown
4. Digestion
5. Absorption
6. Defecation
Why is the small intestine important? - =It is a major site for digestion and absportion
What are the 4 layers of the small intestine from inside-->out? - =- Mucosa
, - Submucosa
- Muscularis externa
- Serosa
What do the intestinal villi and microvilli do? - =Increase surface area available for absorption
What is the difference between intestinal villi and microvilli? - =Intestinal villi are finger like
projections (1mm high)
Microvilli are long and densely packed
What is mastication? - =Chewing
What is deglutination? - =Swallowing
What are the 3 phases of deglutination? - =1. Buccal
2. Pharyngeal
3. Esophageal
What does the upper esophageal sphincter do? - =Ensures breathing happens
What does the lower esophageal sphincter do? - =Prevents acid reflux
How long does food passage to the stomach take? - =8 seconds
Food in the stomach in converted into what? - =Chyme
What are the 2 motor functions of the stomach? - =1. Receptive relaxation (stomach relaxes and
stretches)
Passed
The alimentary canal is also known as... - =The gastrointestinal (GI) tract
What organs are part of the GI tract? - =Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, anus
What are the accessory organs? - =Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
What do the salivary glands do? - =Moisten, lubricate, and breakdown carbs and fats
What does the pancreas do? - =Enzymes are secreted into the duodenum that neutralize stomach
acid
What does the liver do? - =Secrete bile into duodenum, breakdown fats, neutralize stomach acid
What does the gallbladder do? - =Stores bile made by the liver
What are the 6 steps of digestion? - =1. Ingestion
2. Propulsion
3. Mechanical breakdown
4. Digestion
5. Absorption
6. Defecation
Why is the small intestine important? - =It is a major site for digestion and absportion
What are the 4 layers of the small intestine from inside-->out? - =- Mucosa
, - Submucosa
- Muscularis externa
- Serosa
What do the intestinal villi and microvilli do? - =Increase surface area available for absorption
What is the difference between intestinal villi and microvilli? - =Intestinal villi are finger like
projections (1mm high)
Microvilli are long and densely packed
What is mastication? - =Chewing
What is deglutination? - =Swallowing
What are the 3 phases of deglutination? - =1. Buccal
2. Pharyngeal
3. Esophageal
What does the upper esophageal sphincter do? - =Ensures breathing happens
What does the lower esophageal sphincter do? - =Prevents acid reflux
How long does food passage to the stomach take? - =8 seconds
Food in the stomach in converted into what? - =Chyme
What are the 2 motor functions of the stomach? - =1. Receptive relaxation (stomach relaxes and
stretches)
