LT PROMOTIONAL TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is "The Communication Failure Guideline"? - Answers :Unable to contact MCEP
of all types of communications were attempted unsuccessfully
Radio reports are still required for what? - Answers :1) all emergent pt transports; any
code 3 to ED 2) STEMI, Sepsis, and Trauma/Burns 3) Pt that require additional staff
due to aggressive actions, jails, detention centers, in custody or any suicidal/homicidal
pts 4) Active labor with imminent delivery, post-delivery or contractions less than 2
minutes apart or any pt pregnant with active abd pain/cramping or vaginal bleeding
greater or less than 20 weeks 5) all bannered MCI pts
Does a pt meeting ED triage criteria need a radio report? - Answers :No, should take
EMS pts prior to stable walk-in pts
Radio reports should be limited to how many seconds? - Answers :30 seconds for
majority of pts
Non-priority pts still need a radio report for what reason? - Answers :Allow the ED
enough time for bed placement
What are the Routine requirements for radio reports? - Answers :1) Age and gender 2)
CC/MOI 3) current status (stable/unstable 4) ETA 5) vital signs and tx rendered
When may resuscitation efforts be withheld? - Answers :1) rigormortis or livermortis 2)
obvious external exsanguination 3) decapitation or burned beyond recognition 4)
massive opening or penetrating trauma to the head or chest with obvious organ
obstruction 5) body decomposition 6) extended down time w/ cold skin 6) DNR
What if the family does not have a DNR? - Answers :BLS, obtain consensus from
family, and contact MCEP for early termination
What forms must the family have to discontinue CPR? - Answers :DNR or MIST (New
Mexico Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment"
What can be forms of an alternative DNR? - Answers :"Living Will", or "Advanced
Directive" will be followed, will be administered, and judged appropriate by the
Paramedic
How long is expected for the complete turnover at the hospital? - Answers :20 minutes
of ED arrival or when EMS run report is complete
Transport unit personnel will maintain charge of pt care at the hospital until what 4 steps
are accomplished? - Answers :1) Arrival at the hospital 2) Pt unloading 3) Moving Pt
from transport unit stretcher to hospital stretcher 4) Verbal turnover report to designated
hospital personnel
,Who may assume responsibility for the care, transfer, and maintenance of lines and
tubes deemed necessary at the hospital? - Answers :Emergency Medicine
Physician/NP/PA
How do you request a helicopter? - Answers :Through Albuquerque Base
What is EMTALA? - Answers :Applies to an individual comes to the hospital ER and a
request is made on the individuals behalf for examination or treatment of a medical
condition
What is HCFA? - Answers :"Comes to the hospitals ER" to mean the individual is on the
hospitals premises or in an ambulance owned by the hospital
All hospitals must remain open to receive pts UNLESS the hospital is what? - Answers
:On "Black Divert"
May a nurse practitioner or PA allowed to give on line medical direction? - Answers :No,
nor May they dictate care on scene
Who has the final decision, hospital destination MD or EMS Consortium MD? - Answers
:Consortium physician but Hospital MCEP terminate cardiac arrest
Any pt with a CPAP should be transported to what kind of facility? - Answers :Core
facility
What is the CCT and what do they do? - Answers :Critical Care Team and they
rendezvous for life-saving interventions. May be cancelled by Paramedic in charge or IC
What does "Black Divert" include? - Answers :1) Critical Infrastructure Failure (facility
mechanical/electrical supply failure, loss of critical imaging capabilities or treatment
capabilities 2) Building structure or safety compromise (fire, active shooter, building
collapse, flood)
For minors to make a decision regarding healthcare, they must be emancipated and
how old? - Answers :16 years old and be 1) married 2) divorced 3) active military 4)
Legally declared emancipated in a court of law
Does pregnancy in and of itself emancipate a minor? - Answers :No, Contact MCEP
and Err on the side of transport versus cancellation
When a minor over the age of 16 is evaluated and is refusing further care, what should
be done? - Answers :The pt can sign the liability release form as acknowledgment of
evaluation and refusal but the minor must be left in a safe environment. Utilize law
enforcement and MCEP
,Who may take responsibility if they assumed responsibility for the child and sign the
liability release? - Answers :Specific caretakers, including a non-minor sibling or non-
guardian family member, a school bus driver, or an adult group leader (church, scouts,
etc.)
Can a emancipated minor make decisions for her minor child? - Answers :Yes, unless a
minor mother is not making a decision in the best interest of the child, utilize the EMS
Act, MCEP, or law enforcement. An exception is children 14-18 who have been sexually
assaulted. These pts can consent for treatment and can request parents not be
contacted
What 5 things can increase mortality in traumatic brain injuries? - Answers
:Hypothermia, hypotension, hypoxia, hypocapnia, and hypoglycemia
Why should you not hyperventilate a pt with TBI/head trauma? - Answers :Lowers the
CO2 and causes Vasoconstriction leading to increased ICP
Which pt would you want to hyperventilate? - Answers :Pts ONLY with evidence of
herniation. Short term option only used for severe head injury typically GCS less that or
equal to 8 or unresponsive
If ALS medic and fire/rescue personnel arrive on scene simultaneously, who will take
responsibility of directing pt care? - Answers :Fire department medic with their
equipment
Who should be notified immediately if an exposure has occurred? - Answers :BC and
exposure guidelines be implemented
What is involuntary emergency transport? - Answers :Good faith judgement that the
person in capable of making an informed decision about his/her own safety and is likely
to suffer disability or death
What are the vital signs requirements for entry into MATS? - Answers :SBP 90-160, HR
60-110, BGL greater than 70 and less than 200, O2 sat greater than 90%
The VA will only accept what color triage pts in the event if MCI? - Answers :Yellow and
green and non-veteran in the event of MCI
What is a Tier 2 hospital? - Answers :Pres DT and Lovelace/2 critical RED pts
How many critical RED pts will each hospital take once the first wave have been
delivered? - Answers :2 critical RED pt per hospital with Tier 1 and then Tier 2-1 critical
RED pt to any Tier 3 (this cycle can be repeated until all RED pts are triaged and
transported)
, What are Tier 3 hospitals? - Answers :Rust, Westside, Woman's, SRMC, Heart,
Kaseman/ 1 RED pt
What is a Tier 1 hospital? - Answers :UNMH 4 most critical RED pts
What is the START triage algorithm? - Answers :Black-no respiration's after head
tilt/OPA
Red-respirations >30. Pulse but no radial pulse, unable to follow commands.
Yellow-Delayed
What are the requirements for pt refusals? - Answers :1) 18 years old or older-
emancipated minor (16 years of age and married, in the military, or court order divorcing
minor from the parents 2) pt must be alert to time, date, place, person and situation 3)
VS in normal range 4) no judgment clouded with alcohol or drugs
When will a pt be restrained? - Answers :Intoxication, mental illness, injury, psychiatric
condition, exhibits violence, combative, or uncooperative behavior which does not
respond to verbal de-escalation.
What steps should be followed for patient restraint? - Answers :Request law
enforcement, ensure the presence of sufficient personnel to safely apply EMS restraints
( 2 main restraint systems 1) physical EMS restraints 2) Velcro soft restraints
What pt can receive Ketamine? - Answers :Delerium criteria
What how must a chemical sedation pt he restrained? - Answers :Supine or lateral
recumbent position, and a paramedic and at least one other EMT will attend restrained
pts at all times
What are the appropriate restraint techniques that EMS can utilize? - Answers
:Chemical sedation, soft pt restraints to gurney, spit hood, soft gauze, blankets and
sheets, and other system approved commercially available devices
What are unstable pediatric life threatening illness'? - Answers :Decreased mental
status (GCS <14), non-responsive respiratory distress, suspected stroke/atypical
seizures, post cardiac arrest, non-responsive hypertension, severe hypo/hyperthermia,
status epilepticus, snake bites/envemonation, life threatening ingestion/chemical
exposure
Can law enforcement sign a pt refusal for pt? - Answers :No
What is an MCT? - Answers :Mobile crisis team consists of APD or BCSO Officer and
one masters level behavioral he
Although provider (currently 4 teams)
What is "The Communication Failure Guideline"? - Answers :Unable to contact MCEP
of all types of communications were attempted unsuccessfully
Radio reports are still required for what? - Answers :1) all emergent pt transports; any
code 3 to ED 2) STEMI, Sepsis, and Trauma/Burns 3) Pt that require additional staff
due to aggressive actions, jails, detention centers, in custody or any suicidal/homicidal
pts 4) Active labor with imminent delivery, post-delivery or contractions less than 2
minutes apart or any pt pregnant with active abd pain/cramping or vaginal bleeding
greater or less than 20 weeks 5) all bannered MCI pts
Does a pt meeting ED triage criteria need a radio report? - Answers :No, should take
EMS pts prior to stable walk-in pts
Radio reports should be limited to how many seconds? - Answers :30 seconds for
majority of pts
Non-priority pts still need a radio report for what reason? - Answers :Allow the ED
enough time for bed placement
What are the Routine requirements for radio reports? - Answers :1) Age and gender 2)
CC/MOI 3) current status (stable/unstable 4) ETA 5) vital signs and tx rendered
When may resuscitation efforts be withheld? - Answers :1) rigormortis or livermortis 2)
obvious external exsanguination 3) decapitation or burned beyond recognition 4)
massive opening or penetrating trauma to the head or chest with obvious organ
obstruction 5) body decomposition 6) extended down time w/ cold skin 6) DNR
What if the family does not have a DNR? - Answers :BLS, obtain consensus from
family, and contact MCEP for early termination
What forms must the family have to discontinue CPR? - Answers :DNR or MIST (New
Mexico Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment"
What can be forms of an alternative DNR? - Answers :"Living Will", or "Advanced
Directive" will be followed, will be administered, and judged appropriate by the
Paramedic
How long is expected for the complete turnover at the hospital? - Answers :20 minutes
of ED arrival or when EMS run report is complete
Transport unit personnel will maintain charge of pt care at the hospital until what 4 steps
are accomplished? - Answers :1) Arrival at the hospital 2) Pt unloading 3) Moving Pt
from transport unit stretcher to hospital stretcher 4) Verbal turnover report to designated
hospital personnel
,Who may assume responsibility for the care, transfer, and maintenance of lines and
tubes deemed necessary at the hospital? - Answers :Emergency Medicine
Physician/NP/PA
How do you request a helicopter? - Answers :Through Albuquerque Base
What is EMTALA? - Answers :Applies to an individual comes to the hospital ER and a
request is made on the individuals behalf for examination or treatment of a medical
condition
What is HCFA? - Answers :"Comes to the hospitals ER" to mean the individual is on the
hospitals premises or in an ambulance owned by the hospital
All hospitals must remain open to receive pts UNLESS the hospital is what? - Answers
:On "Black Divert"
May a nurse practitioner or PA allowed to give on line medical direction? - Answers :No,
nor May they dictate care on scene
Who has the final decision, hospital destination MD or EMS Consortium MD? - Answers
:Consortium physician but Hospital MCEP terminate cardiac arrest
Any pt with a CPAP should be transported to what kind of facility? - Answers :Core
facility
What is the CCT and what do they do? - Answers :Critical Care Team and they
rendezvous for life-saving interventions. May be cancelled by Paramedic in charge or IC
What does "Black Divert" include? - Answers :1) Critical Infrastructure Failure (facility
mechanical/electrical supply failure, loss of critical imaging capabilities or treatment
capabilities 2) Building structure or safety compromise (fire, active shooter, building
collapse, flood)
For minors to make a decision regarding healthcare, they must be emancipated and
how old? - Answers :16 years old and be 1) married 2) divorced 3) active military 4)
Legally declared emancipated in a court of law
Does pregnancy in and of itself emancipate a minor? - Answers :No, Contact MCEP
and Err on the side of transport versus cancellation
When a minor over the age of 16 is evaluated and is refusing further care, what should
be done? - Answers :The pt can sign the liability release form as acknowledgment of
evaluation and refusal but the minor must be left in a safe environment. Utilize law
enforcement and MCEP
,Who may take responsibility if they assumed responsibility for the child and sign the
liability release? - Answers :Specific caretakers, including a non-minor sibling or non-
guardian family member, a school bus driver, or an adult group leader (church, scouts,
etc.)
Can a emancipated minor make decisions for her minor child? - Answers :Yes, unless a
minor mother is not making a decision in the best interest of the child, utilize the EMS
Act, MCEP, or law enforcement. An exception is children 14-18 who have been sexually
assaulted. These pts can consent for treatment and can request parents not be
contacted
What 5 things can increase mortality in traumatic brain injuries? - Answers
:Hypothermia, hypotension, hypoxia, hypocapnia, and hypoglycemia
Why should you not hyperventilate a pt with TBI/head trauma? - Answers :Lowers the
CO2 and causes Vasoconstriction leading to increased ICP
Which pt would you want to hyperventilate? - Answers :Pts ONLY with evidence of
herniation. Short term option only used for severe head injury typically GCS less that or
equal to 8 or unresponsive
If ALS medic and fire/rescue personnel arrive on scene simultaneously, who will take
responsibility of directing pt care? - Answers :Fire department medic with their
equipment
Who should be notified immediately if an exposure has occurred? - Answers :BC and
exposure guidelines be implemented
What is involuntary emergency transport? - Answers :Good faith judgement that the
person in capable of making an informed decision about his/her own safety and is likely
to suffer disability or death
What are the vital signs requirements for entry into MATS? - Answers :SBP 90-160, HR
60-110, BGL greater than 70 and less than 200, O2 sat greater than 90%
The VA will only accept what color triage pts in the event if MCI? - Answers :Yellow and
green and non-veteran in the event of MCI
What is a Tier 2 hospital? - Answers :Pres DT and Lovelace/2 critical RED pts
How many critical RED pts will each hospital take once the first wave have been
delivered? - Answers :2 critical RED pt per hospital with Tier 1 and then Tier 2-1 critical
RED pt to any Tier 3 (this cycle can be repeated until all RED pts are triaged and
transported)
, What are Tier 3 hospitals? - Answers :Rust, Westside, Woman's, SRMC, Heart,
Kaseman/ 1 RED pt
What is a Tier 1 hospital? - Answers :UNMH 4 most critical RED pts
What is the START triage algorithm? - Answers :Black-no respiration's after head
tilt/OPA
Red-respirations >30. Pulse but no radial pulse, unable to follow commands.
Yellow-Delayed
What are the requirements for pt refusals? - Answers :1) 18 years old or older-
emancipated minor (16 years of age and married, in the military, or court order divorcing
minor from the parents 2) pt must be alert to time, date, place, person and situation 3)
VS in normal range 4) no judgment clouded with alcohol or drugs
When will a pt be restrained? - Answers :Intoxication, mental illness, injury, psychiatric
condition, exhibits violence, combative, or uncooperative behavior which does not
respond to verbal de-escalation.
What steps should be followed for patient restraint? - Answers :Request law
enforcement, ensure the presence of sufficient personnel to safely apply EMS restraints
( 2 main restraint systems 1) physical EMS restraints 2) Velcro soft restraints
What pt can receive Ketamine? - Answers :Delerium criteria
What how must a chemical sedation pt he restrained? - Answers :Supine or lateral
recumbent position, and a paramedic and at least one other EMT will attend restrained
pts at all times
What are the appropriate restraint techniques that EMS can utilize? - Answers
:Chemical sedation, soft pt restraints to gurney, spit hood, soft gauze, blankets and
sheets, and other system approved commercially available devices
What are unstable pediatric life threatening illness'? - Answers :Decreased mental
status (GCS <14), non-responsive respiratory distress, suspected stroke/atypical
seizures, post cardiac arrest, non-responsive hypertension, severe hypo/hyperthermia,
status epilepticus, snake bites/envemonation, life threatening ingestion/chemical
exposure
Can law enforcement sign a pt refusal for pt? - Answers :No
What is an MCT? - Answers :Mobile crisis team consists of APD or BCSO Officer and
one masters level behavioral he
Although provider (currently 4 teams)
