NAMS 165
Pomo - ANS -The Pomo was the most heavily populated Native American group in California,
with over 500 different tribes and languages for each tribe. They had territory in Northern
California, and they resided near the Pacific coast to the west. Being that they lived near the
coast, they relied heavily on the resources that the water provided them like fish, and they used
the many rivers near them in order to prepare acorns and remove the bitterness from them,
which was their main source of food. While they all had languages that were similar to one
another, they could not communicate, yet they all had the same goal and needs when trading
and interacting with one another, as a unit.
Coast Miwok - ANS -A tribe from southern sonoma county
Federated tribes of Graton Rancheria
Fished, hunted, gathered
Wove baskets
Men made ceremonial instruments
The california rancheria act of 1958 attempted to take control of their lands
Second largest Miwok tribe
1786 est
Governed by a headman or hoipu and at least two female headwomen, the most power known
as maien
Physical warfare is the lowest form of power
Individual possessed no secret spiritual powers to draw upon
Petaluma village
Never a tribe or nation that identified as coast miwok
Intimate relationship w the environment
Ohlone - ANS -The Ohlone tribe was a Native American tribe located along the northern coast
of California: present day Bay Area. Their ways of life revolved around nature, and were very
dependent on hunting and fishing in order to survive. When the Spanish arrived, the Ohlone,
along with several other tribes, were placed in missions that they were required to build
themselves. Since they were placed in these missions, the Ohlone people were not able to
continue with their Native rituals and practices. Since their time was planned by the colonizers,
the Native Americans were no longer able to maintain the land and thus caused it to grow out of
control.
Spanish - ANS -From the beginning of the first accounts of contact between the Spanish and
the Native Americans, conflict and tension has been persistent. Culminating in the foundations
of the Mission system set up by Junipero Serra, the Spanish had historically taken advantage of
the naive natives. Vagrancy laws implemented in the Mission's allowed the Spanish to
technically enslave the natives through arresting them. The enforced conversion of Catholicism
, and laws that prohibited them from speaking their native languages and performing any cultural
practices. The Spanish need materials and livestock to keep the Mission system running, which
led to them depleting the land of all its resources. The landscape of California was completely
altered beyond recognition. Land once filled with thick green trees and myriad amounts of
wildlife and food turned into brown rolling hills of California grass.
Russians - ANS -The Russian colonization of the Americas was a time period between
1732-1867. The Russians claimed northern pacific territories within America. The explorer
Grigory Shelekhov founded Russia's first permanent settlement in Alaska at Three Saints Bay.
In 1794, the first group of orthodox Christian missionaries began to arrive and started converting
thousands of Native Americans. The Russian colonies profits in the Americas began to
decrease because of competition from the British which had brought down sea otters, bears,
wolves, and fox populations. This forced the Russians to sell Fort Ross in 1842. Later on they
sold Alaska to the United States.
Mexicans - ANS -The timeline of the Mexicans was 1821-1848. In 1821, Mexican gained
independence from Spain and "Alta California" (not recognized as one of the constitutes of
California) became a Mexican Provence instead of a Spanish colony. The Mexican government
secularized the the missions in 1834 and they were eventually abandoned. The Bear Aflac
revolt was a party of settlers to raise the bear flag and proclaimed the republic of California and
this was the first regression towards California. The Indian missions were provided financial
support for the colonies. Mexico inherited all of Spain's social inequities and economic problems
as well as Spain's ambitious empires in California. The Spanish tradition of viewing indigenous
people as the lowest people possible class of people without the right to hold property.
Anglo-American - ANS -The Anglo-Americans were the people of European origin who came
from the East under the idea of Manifest Destiny and settled on Native American land
post-Spanish and Mexican colonization during the time of the gold rush and California being
granted statehood around the 1840s. One example of Anglo-Americans is Charles Stone and
Andrew Kelsey who lived on ranches away from civilization and came to own the Eastern Pomo
and Clear Lake Wappo. Kelsey and Stone's treatment of the Native Americans was brutal.
Petaluma - ANS -The course source that we used is the reading "The Last Woman from
Petaluma" by Greg Sarris. Petaluma was a native tribe land and was considered a sacred place.
The story of Coyote talking to Chicken Hawk about creating humans takes place in Petaluma.
The region had an abundant deer, elk and a acron supply which helped with trading. Petaluma
was once "governed by a nonherediatry man known as hoipu"(page 41). In this reading it gives
a brief history about Tsupu, one of the few survivors coming from Petaluma and her journey in
escaping Spanish farms and her last journey back to Petaluma.
Mission San Francisco Solano - ANS -Mission San Francisco Solano was the last of the 21
missions built in California by the Spanish. This mission was the north-most mission in
California, it was established by the support of the California Governor of the time in order to
have a strong Hispanic influence in this area to keep from Russians at Fort Ross from moving
Pomo - ANS -The Pomo was the most heavily populated Native American group in California,
with over 500 different tribes and languages for each tribe. They had territory in Northern
California, and they resided near the Pacific coast to the west. Being that they lived near the
coast, they relied heavily on the resources that the water provided them like fish, and they used
the many rivers near them in order to prepare acorns and remove the bitterness from them,
which was their main source of food. While they all had languages that were similar to one
another, they could not communicate, yet they all had the same goal and needs when trading
and interacting with one another, as a unit.
Coast Miwok - ANS -A tribe from southern sonoma county
Federated tribes of Graton Rancheria
Fished, hunted, gathered
Wove baskets
Men made ceremonial instruments
The california rancheria act of 1958 attempted to take control of their lands
Second largest Miwok tribe
1786 est
Governed by a headman or hoipu and at least two female headwomen, the most power known
as maien
Physical warfare is the lowest form of power
Individual possessed no secret spiritual powers to draw upon
Petaluma village
Never a tribe or nation that identified as coast miwok
Intimate relationship w the environment
Ohlone - ANS -The Ohlone tribe was a Native American tribe located along the northern coast
of California: present day Bay Area. Their ways of life revolved around nature, and were very
dependent on hunting and fishing in order to survive. When the Spanish arrived, the Ohlone,
along with several other tribes, were placed in missions that they were required to build
themselves. Since they were placed in these missions, the Ohlone people were not able to
continue with their Native rituals and practices. Since their time was planned by the colonizers,
the Native Americans were no longer able to maintain the land and thus caused it to grow out of
control.
Spanish - ANS -From the beginning of the first accounts of contact between the Spanish and
the Native Americans, conflict and tension has been persistent. Culminating in the foundations
of the Mission system set up by Junipero Serra, the Spanish had historically taken advantage of
the naive natives. Vagrancy laws implemented in the Mission's allowed the Spanish to
technically enslave the natives through arresting them. The enforced conversion of Catholicism
, and laws that prohibited them from speaking their native languages and performing any cultural
practices. The Spanish need materials and livestock to keep the Mission system running, which
led to them depleting the land of all its resources. The landscape of California was completely
altered beyond recognition. Land once filled with thick green trees and myriad amounts of
wildlife and food turned into brown rolling hills of California grass.
Russians - ANS -The Russian colonization of the Americas was a time period between
1732-1867. The Russians claimed northern pacific territories within America. The explorer
Grigory Shelekhov founded Russia's first permanent settlement in Alaska at Three Saints Bay.
In 1794, the first group of orthodox Christian missionaries began to arrive and started converting
thousands of Native Americans. The Russian colonies profits in the Americas began to
decrease because of competition from the British which had brought down sea otters, bears,
wolves, and fox populations. This forced the Russians to sell Fort Ross in 1842. Later on they
sold Alaska to the United States.
Mexicans - ANS -The timeline of the Mexicans was 1821-1848. In 1821, Mexican gained
independence from Spain and "Alta California" (not recognized as one of the constitutes of
California) became a Mexican Provence instead of a Spanish colony. The Mexican government
secularized the the missions in 1834 and they were eventually abandoned. The Bear Aflac
revolt was a party of settlers to raise the bear flag and proclaimed the republic of California and
this was the first regression towards California. The Indian missions were provided financial
support for the colonies. Mexico inherited all of Spain's social inequities and economic problems
as well as Spain's ambitious empires in California. The Spanish tradition of viewing indigenous
people as the lowest people possible class of people without the right to hold property.
Anglo-American - ANS -The Anglo-Americans were the people of European origin who came
from the East under the idea of Manifest Destiny and settled on Native American land
post-Spanish and Mexican colonization during the time of the gold rush and California being
granted statehood around the 1840s. One example of Anglo-Americans is Charles Stone and
Andrew Kelsey who lived on ranches away from civilization and came to own the Eastern Pomo
and Clear Lake Wappo. Kelsey and Stone's treatment of the Native Americans was brutal.
Petaluma - ANS -The course source that we used is the reading "The Last Woman from
Petaluma" by Greg Sarris. Petaluma was a native tribe land and was considered a sacred place.
The story of Coyote talking to Chicken Hawk about creating humans takes place in Petaluma.
The region had an abundant deer, elk and a acron supply which helped with trading. Petaluma
was once "governed by a nonherediatry man known as hoipu"(page 41). In this reading it gives
a brief history about Tsupu, one of the few survivors coming from Petaluma and her journey in
escaping Spanish farms and her last journey back to Petaluma.
Mission San Francisco Solano - ANS -Mission San Francisco Solano was the last of the 21
missions built in California by the Spanish. This mission was the north-most mission in
California, it was established by the support of the California Governor of the time in order to
have a strong Hispanic influence in this area to keep from Russians at Fort Ross from moving
