COMSAE: Neuro
Frontal lobe lesion
Lesion results in:
Disinhibition and deficits in concentration, orientation, judgement. May have re-emergence of
primitive reflexes
Frontal eye fields
Lesion results in:
Eyes will loos toward brain lesion (i.e. away from side of hemiplegia)
-E.g. MCA stroke
Paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)
Lesion results in:
Eyes will look away from brain lesion (i.e. toward side of hemiplegia)
Medial longitudinal fasciculus
Lesion results in:
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
-Impaired aDduction of ipsilateral eye
-Nystagmus of contralateral eye w/ aBduction
Example: Multiple sclerosis
, Dominant parietal cortex
Lesion results in:
Agraphia (can't write), acalculia (can't process numbers), finger agnosia (can't recognize
fingers), left-right disorientation
Example: Gerstmann syndrome
Nondominant parietal cortex
Lesion results in:
Agnosia (can't recognize things) of the contralateral side of the world
Example: Hemispatial neglect syndrome
Hippocampus
Lesion results in:
Anterograde amnesia (inability to make new memories)
Basal ganglia
Lesion results in:
Tremor at rest, chorea (jerky movements), athetosis (slow, involuntary, writing movements)
Examples:
-Parkinson disease: ↓ dopamine
-Huntington disease: ↑ dopamine, ↓ ACh/GABA
-Wilson disease: Cu accumulation
subthalamic nucleus
Lesion results in:
Frontal lobe lesion
Lesion results in:
Disinhibition and deficits in concentration, orientation, judgement. May have re-emergence of
primitive reflexes
Frontal eye fields
Lesion results in:
Eyes will loos toward brain lesion (i.e. away from side of hemiplegia)
-E.g. MCA stroke
Paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)
Lesion results in:
Eyes will look away from brain lesion (i.e. toward side of hemiplegia)
Medial longitudinal fasciculus
Lesion results in:
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
-Impaired aDduction of ipsilateral eye
-Nystagmus of contralateral eye w/ aBduction
Example: Multiple sclerosis
, Dominant parietal cortex
Lesion results in:
Agraphia (can't write), acalculia (can't process numbers), finger agnosia (can't recognize
fingers), left-right disorientation
Example: Gerstmann syndrome
Nondominant parietal cortex
Lesion results in:
Agnosia (can't recognize things) of the contralateral side of the world
Example: Hemispatial neglect syndrome
Hippocampus
Lesion results in:
Anterograde amnesia (inability to make new memories)
Basal ganglia
Lesion results in:
Tremor at rest, chorea (jerky movements), athetosis (slow, involuntary, writing movements)
Examples:
-Parkinson disease: ↓ dopamine
-Huntington disease: ↑ dopamine, ↓ ACh/GABA
-Wilson disease: Cu accumulation
subthalamic nucleus
Lesion results in: