(NS 300) Coping-Stress Tolerance.
stress
condition in which a person responds to change in the normal, balanced state; response to the
presence of a stressor; the bodies non-specific response to a demand that is placed upon it
stressor
any demand, situation, internal stimulus, or circumstance that threatens a person's personal security
or self-integrity; event that causes person to experience stress
stress and health
how a patient responds to these stressors is affected by the complex interaction of social, emotional,
and physiological factors that singularly and collectively influence health and well-being
coping-stress tolerance concepts
a) coping
b) coping strategy
c) stress tolerance
coping
dealing with change
coping strategy
natural or learned efforts to manage change, a specific problem, or a threat or a challenge that one
encounters
stress tolerance
usual manner of responding to stress
stress models
a) simulus-based models
b) response-based models
c) transaction-based models
simulus-based models
stress defined as a stimulus, a life event, or set of circumstances that arouses
physiologic/psychologic reaction and may increase vulnerability to illness
holmes and rache scale
a stimulus-based model in which life events have a numerical value, but the stress that events bring
is interpreted personally and individually
response-based models
stress may be considered a response; a non-specific response of body to any kind of demand made
upon it; any factor that disturbs the body's equilibrium
, selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
a response-based model involving stages of the alarm reaction, the stage of resistance, and the stage
of exhaustion
homeostasis
all systems are reactive to everyday stressors in a balanced and healthful manner
alarm reaction stage
the initial reaction of the body which alerts the body's defenses
alarm
stressor is perceived; homeostasis slightly drops as the mind and body temporarily lose balance
resistance stage
adaptation resources are mobilized to combat stressor; endocrine system comes into play
exhaustion stage
adaptation and energy stores are depleted; when replenished, body returns to homeostasis
death
in extreme and chronic cases, exhaustion can become so pronounced that it is life threatening
recovery
stressful situations that are well or partially managed result in a complete or partial return to
homeostasis and normal functioning
transaction-based models
based on Lazarus transactional stress theory, a set of cognitive, affective, and adaptive (coping)
responses that arise out of person-environment transactions; person and environment are
inseparable
stress indicators
- physiologic
- psychologic
- cognitive
physiologic indicators
- pupils dilate
- sweating
- increased HR/CO
- pallor
- sodium and water retained
- tachypnea
- oliguria
- dry mouth
- decreased peristalsis
stress
condition in which a person responds to change in the normal, balanced state; response to the
presence of a stressor; the bodies non-specific response to a demand that is placed upon it
stressor
any demand, situation, internal stimulus, or circumstance that threatens a person's personal security
or self-integrity; event that causes person to experience stress
stress and health
how a patient responds to these stressors is affected by the complex interaction of social, emotional,
and physiological factors that singularly and collectively influence health and well-being
coping-stress tolerance concepts
a) coping
b) coping strategy
c) stress tolerance
coping
dealing with change
coping strategy
natural or learned efforts to manage change, a specific problem, or a threat or a challenge that one
encounters
stress tolerance
usual manner of responding to stress
stress models
a) simulus-based models
b) response-based models
c) transaction-based models
simulus-based models
stress defined as a stimulus, a life event, or set of circumstances that arouses
physiologic/psychologic reaction and may increase vulnerability to illness
holmes and rache scale
a stimulus-based model in which life events have a numerical value, but the stress that events bring
is interpreted personally and individually
response-based models
stress may be considered a response; a non-specific response of body to any kind of demand made
upon it; any factor that disturbs the body's equilibrium
, selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
a response-based model involving stages of the alarm reaction, the stage of resistance, and the stage
of exhaustion
homeostasis
all systems are reactive to everyday stressors in a balanced and healthful manner
alarm reaction stage
the initial reaction of the body which alerts the body's defenses
alarm
stressor is perceived; homeostasis slightly drops as the mind and body temporarily lose balance
resistance stage
adaptation resources are mobilized to combat stressor; endocrine system comes into play
exhaustion stage
adaptation and energy stores are depleted; when replenished, body returns to homeostasis
death
in extreme and chronic cases, exhaustion can become so pronounced that it is life threatening
recovery
stressful situations that are well or partially managed result in a complete or partial return to
homeostasis and normal functioning
transaction-based models
based on Lazarus transactional stress theory, a set of cognitive, affective, and adaptive (coping)
responses that arise out of person-environment transactions; person and environment are
inseparable
stress indicators
- physiologic
- psychologic
- cognitive
physiologic indicators
- pupils dilate
- sweating
- increased HR/CO
- pallor
- sodium and water retained
- tachypnea
- oliguria
- dry mouth
- decreased peristalsis
