WGU D115 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS
2024
Glasgow54Coma54Scale54(GCS)54-54ans--
✔✔The54GCS54is54scored54between54354and5415,54354being54the54worst54and541554the54
best.
Severe54TBI54GCS54Score54-54ans--✔✔A54GCS54score54of543-
854describes54a54severe54TBI.
Obsessions54-54ans--
✔✔Obsessions54are54recurrent54and54persistent54thoughts,54impulses,54or54images54tha
t54cause54distressing54emotions54such54as54anxiety54or54disgust.
Generalized54Anxiety54Disorder54(GAD)54Characteristics54-54ans--
✔✔Impaired54concentration54and54irritability54are54major54characteristics54of54GAD.
Schizophrenia54Symptoms54-54ans--
✔✔The54characteristics54of54schizophrenia54are54paranoia,54delusions,54tangential54tho
ughts,54suspiciousness,54disorganized54behavior,54and54hallucinations.
Acute54Otitis54Media54-54ans--
✔✔The54classic54presentation54of54otitis54media54is54otalgia,54muffled54hearing,54poppin
g54sensation,54and54a54recent54history54of54a54cold54or54flare54up54of54allergic54rhinitis.
Peritonsillar54Abscess54-54ans--
✔✔Peritonsillar54abscess54is54characterized54by54severe54sore54throat,54pain54or54difficu
lty54swallowing,54jaw54muscle54spasms,54and54a54hot54potato54voice.
Graves'54Disease54-54ans--
✔✔Graves'54disease,54an54autoimmune54condition54also54known54as54'diffuse54toxic54go
iter'54is54the54most54common54cause54of54hyperthyroidism54in54this54age54group.
,Insulin54Resistance54Finding54-54ans--✔✔Triglycerides54>54150mg/
dL54is54associated54with54increasing54insulin54resistance.
Postprandial54Glucose54Level54Influencer54-54ans--
✔✔Carbohydrate54is54a54macronutrient54with54the54greatest54impact54on54the54postpran
dial54glucose54levels.
Type54154Diabetes54Mellitus54-54ans--
✔✔Type54154DM54is54associated54with54beta54cell54destruction54leading54to54absolute54i
nsulin54deficiency54resulting54in54significant54hyperglycemia54and54potential54for54ketoaci
dosis.
Type54254Diabetes54Mellitus54Risk54Factors54-54ans--
✔✔Major54risk54factors54are54heredity54and54obesity.
Endometrial54Cancer54Risk54Factor54-54ans--
✔✔Oral54contraceptives54have54been54shown54to54reduce54the54incidence54of54endomet
rial54cancer.
Mixed54Precocious54Puberty54-54ans--
✔✔Mixed54precocious54puberty54cases54the54child54to54develop54some54secondary54ch
aracteristics54of54the54opposite54sex,54such54as54the54feminization54of54a54boy.
Delayed54Puberty54Cause54-54ans--
✔✔In5495%54of54cases,54delayed54puberty54is54physiologic54in54nature.
Priapism54Association54-54ans--
✔✔Priapism54has54been54associated54with54the54abuse54of54certain54substances.
Priapism54-54ans--✔✔Prolonged54penile54erection,54often54idiopathic.
Cocaine54-54ans--✔✔Substance54associated54with54priapism.
Ovulation54-54ans--✔✔Triggered54by54a54sudden54increase54of54LH.
Follicular54cyst54-54ans--✔✔Develops54when54no54dominant54follicle54matures.
Benign54ovarian54cyst54-54ans--
✔✔Functional54cyst54from54incomplete54follicle54maturation.
Genetic54counseling54-54ans--✔✔Advisory54service54for54individuals54at54genetic54risk.
Maternal54age54-54ans--✔✔Common54reason54for54seeking54genetic54counseling.
Amniocentesis54-54ans--✔✔Procedure54to54perform54genetic54studies54on54fetus.
, Turner54Syndrome54-54ans--✔✔Condition54with54monosomy54X54in54affected54cells.
Cri54du54chat54syndrome54-54ans--✔✔Genetic54disorder54with54distinctive54cat-like54cry.
Adaptive54immunity54-54ans--✔✔Immune54response54mediated54by54T54and54B54cells.
Minimally54conscious54state54-54ans--
✔✔Patient54shows54limited54but54definite54responses.
Acute54respiratory54distress54syndrome54(ARDS)54-54ans--
✔✔Severe54lung54inflammation54with54bilateral54infiltrates.
Capillary54hydrostatic54pressure54-54ans--
✔✔Increased54pressure54causing54pulmonary54edema.
Immunoglobulin54E54(IgE)54-54ans--
✔✔Antibody54involved54in54asthma54pathophysiology.
Airway54remodeling54-54ans--✔✔Long-
term54damage54from54uncontrolled54airway54inflammation.
Angiotensin54II54-54ans--
✔✔Hormone54linked54to54myocardial54hypertrophy54in54hypertension.
Hypertrophy54of54myocardium54-54ans--
✔✔Heart54muscle54thickening54due54to54increased54load.
Blood54pressure54measurement54-54ans--
✔✔First54reading54indicates54hypertension54if54elevated.
Sickle54cell54disease54-54ans--✔✔Blood54disorder54associated54with54priapism.
Spinal54cord54trauma54-54ans--✔✔Potential54cause54of54priapism.
Pelvic54tumors54-54ans--✔✔Associated54with54priapism54in54some54cases.
Leukemia54-54ans--✔✔Blood54cancer54linked54to54priapism.
High-pitched54cry54-54ans--✔✔Characteristic54symptom54of54cri54du54chat54syndrome.
Hypotonia54-54ans--✔✔Reduced54muscle54tone54seen54in54cri54du54chat.
Microcephaly54-54ans--✔✔Small54head54size,54symptom54of54cri54du54chat.
Hypertelorism54-54ans--✔✔Widely54spaced54eyes,54seen54in54cri54du54chat.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS
2024
Glasgow54Coma54Scale54(GCS)54-54ans--
✔✔The54GCS54is54scored54between54354and5415,54354being54the54worst54and541554the54
best.
Severe54TBI54GCS54Score54-54ans--✔✔A54GCS54score54of543-
854describes54a54severe54TBI.
Obsessions54-54ans--
✔✔Obsessions54are54recurrent54and54persistent54thoughts,54impulses,54or54images54tha
t54cause54distressing54emotions54such54as54anxiety54or54disgust.
Generalized54Anxiety54Disorder54(GAD)54Characteristics54-54ans--
✔✔Impaired54concentration54and54irritability54are54major54characteristics54of54GAD.
Schizophrenia54Symptoms54-54ans--
✔✔The54characteristics54of54schizophrenia54are54paranoia,54delusions,54tangential54tho
ughts,54suspiciousness,54disorganized54behavior,54and54hallucinations.
Acute54Otitis54Media54-54ans--
✔✔The54classic54presentation54of54otitis54media54is54otalgia,54muffled54hearing,54poppin
g54sensation,54and54a54recent54history54of54a54cold54or54flare54up54of54allergic54rhinitis.
Peritonsillar54Abscess54-54ans--
✔✔Peritonsillar54abscess54is54characterized54by54severe54sore54throat,54pain54or54difficu
lty54swallowing,54jaw54muscle54spasms,54and54a54hot54potato54voice.
Graves'54Disease54-54ans--
✔✔Graves'54disease,54an54autoimmune54condition54also54known54as54'diffuse54toxic54go
iter'54is54the54most54common54cause54of54hyperthyroidism54in54this54age54group.
,Insulin54Resistance54Finding54-54ans--✔✔Triglycerides54>54150mg/
dL54is54associated54with54increasing54insulin54resistance.
Postprandial54Glucose54Level54Influencer54-54ans--
✔✔Carbohydrate54is54a54macronutrient54with54the54greatest54impact54on54the54postpran
dial54glucose54levels.
Type54154Diabetes54Mellitus54-54ans--
✔✔Type54154DM54is54associated54with54beta54cell54destruction54leading54to54absolute54i
nsulin54deficiency54resulting54in54significant54hyperglycemia54and54potential54for54ketoaci
dosis.
Type54254Diabetes54Mellitus54Risk54Factors54-54ans--
✔✔Major54risk54factors54are54heredity54and54obesity.
Endometrial54Cancer54Risk54Factor54-54ans--
✔✔Oral54contraceptives54have54been54shown54to54reduce54the54incidence54of54endomet
rial54cancer.
Mixed54Precocious54Puberty54-54ans--
✔✔Mixed54precocious54puberty54cases54the54child54to54develop54some54secondary54ch
aracteristics54of54the54opposite54sex,54such54as54the54feminization54of54a54boy.
Delayed54Puberty54Cause54-54ans--
✔✔In5495%54of54cases,54delayed54puberty54is54physiologic54in54nature.
Priapism54Association54-54ans--
✔✔Priapism54has54been54associated54with54the54abuse54of54certain54substances.
Priapism54-54ans--✔✔Prolonged54penile54erection,54often54idiopathic.
Cocaine54-54ans--✔✔Substance54associated54with54priapism.
Ovulation54-54ans--✔✔Triggered54by54a54sudden54increase54of54LH.
Follicular54cyst54-54ans--✔✔Develops54when54no54dominant54follicle54matures.
Benign54ovarian54cyst54-54ans--
✔✔Functional54cyst54from54incomplete54follicle54maturation.
Genetic54counseling54-54ans--✔✔Advisory54service54for54individuals54at54genetic54risk.
Maternal54age54-54ans--✔✔Common54reason54for54seeking54genetic54counseling.
Amniocentesis54-54ans--✔✔Procedure54to54perform54genetic54studies54on54fetus.
, Turner54Syndrome54-54ans--✔✔Condition54with54monosomy54X54in54affected54cells.
Cri54du54chat54syndrome54-54ans--✔✔Genetic54disorder54with54distinctive54cat-like54cry.
Adaptive54immunity54-54ans--✔✔Immune54response54mediated54by54T54and54B54cells.
Minimally54conscious54state54-54ans--
✔✔Patient54shows54limited54but54definite54responses.
Acute54respiratory54distress54syndrome54(ARDS)54-54ans--
✔✔Severe54lung54inflammation54with54bilateral54infiltrates.
Capillary54hydrostatic54pressure54-54ans--
✔✔Increased54pressure54causing54pulmonary54edema.
Immunoglobulin54E54(IgE)54-54ans--
✔✔Antibody54involved54in54asthma54pathophysiology.
Airway54remodeling54-54ans--✔✔Long-
term54damage54from54uncontrolled54airway54inflammation.
Angiotensin54II54-54ans--
✔✔Hormone54linked54to54myocardial54hypertrophy54in54hypertension.
Hypertrophy54of54myocardium54-54ans--
✔✔Heart54muscle54thickening54due54to54increased54load.
Blood54pressure54measurement54-54ans--
✔✔First54reading54indicates54hypertension54if54elevated.
Sickle54cell54disease54-54ans--✔✔Blood54disorder54associated54with54priapism.
Spinal54cord54trauma54-54ans--✔✔Potential54cause54of54priapism.
Pelvic54tumors54-54ans--✔✔Associated54with54priapism54in54some54cases.
Leukemia54-54ans--✔✔Blood54cancer54linked54to54priapism.
High-pitched54cry54-54ans--✔✔Characteristic54symptom54of54cri54du54chat54syndrome.
Hypotonia54-54ans--✔✔Reduced54muscle54tone54seen54in54cri54du54chat.
Microcephaly54-54ans--✔✔Small54head54size,54symptom54of54cri54du54chat.
Hypertelorism54-54ans--✔✔Widely54spaced54eyes,54seen54in54cri54du54chat.
