ATI NEONATAL CARE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS
Why should the hat used with bubble CPAP be properly fitted on neonates? - to avoid
misshaping of the head
What is the role of the bubbles in bubble CPAP? - to stimulate the central nervous system
and aid airway clearance
What is the starting pressure range for bubble CPAP in neonates? - 5-6 cmH20
Which of the following is a possible side effect of surfactant administration in preterm infants? -
overdistention of the lungs
What type of surfactant administration method is LISA? - less invasive surfactant
administration
Which of the following is a clinical strategy for surfactant therapy? - prophylaxis and
rescue treatment
What is the minimum flow rate required for oxygen hoods to avoid CO2 retention? - 7
LPM
What is the maximum flow rate recommended for a low-flow oxygen device in preterm infants?
- 2 LPM
Why is humidification required for neonatal oxygen devices? - to prevent airway dryness
What is the target SpO2 range for neonatal infants to prevent retinopathy of prematurity? -
88-92%
Which of the following sites can be used to obtain arterial blood gases (ABG) in infants? -
radial, brachial, femoral, dorsalis pedis
What is used for pain control in infants during invasive procedures like ABG? - oral
sucrose on a pacifier
Which method is commonly used to visualize arteries in infants for arterial punctures? -
transillumination
What ABG site is used for pre-ductal oxygenation readings in infants? - right radial
In an infant, a PaCO₂ value between 45-55 mmHg is considered: - normal
, For preterm infants, what range of pH is considered acceptable? - 7.25 to 7.45
Which of the following is true about capillary blood gas in infants? - it is useful for
measuring ventilation status
Which invasive monitoring device is placed through the umbilical artery in neonates? -
umbilical artery catheter
Capillary blood gas is usually taken from which site in infants? - heel
An umbilical artery catheter provides which type of blood gas reading? - post-ductal
What does PDA stand for? - patent ductus arteriosus
How is pre-ductal oxygenation measured? - by placing monitor on the right arm
What is an expected difference in oxygen saturation levels between pre-ductal and post-ductal
measurements indicative of a patent ductus arteriosus? - 15-20%
What is the optimal temperature range for a transcutaneous monitor? - 41-44 C
What does a transcutaneous monitor measure? - transcutaneous oxygen and carbon
dioxide levels
What is the purpose of the contact gel used with transcutaneous monitors? - to prevent
burns from the heating element
What type of monitoring is used for detecting apnea in infants? - apnea monitoring
How does an apnea monitor detect heart rate? - by detecting movement through
impedance
What type of alarm does the apnea monitor have when an infant goes apneic? - a shrill
alarm
What is the primary cause of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in neonates? -
surfactant deficiency
Which sign is commonly associated with respiratory distress in a neonate? - cyanosis
What is the typical timeframe for respiratory distress syndrome to present in preterm infants? -
within the first 6 hours of life
Which treatment is most critical for a neonate diagnosed with RDS? - administering
surfactant
WITH ANSWERS
Why should the hat used with bubble CPAP be properly fitted on neonates? - to avoid
misshaping of the head
What is the role of the bubbles in bubble CPAP? - to stimulate the central nervous system
and aid airway clearance
What is the starting pressure range for bubble CPAP in neonates? - 5-6 cmH20
Which of the following is a possible side effect of surfactant administration in preterm infants? -
overdistention of the lungs
What type of surfactant administration method is LISA? - less invasive surfactant
administration
Which of the following is a clinical strategy for surfactant therapy? - prophylaxis and
rescue treatment
What is the minimum flow rate required for oxygen hoods to avoid CO2 retention? - 7
LPM
What is the maximum flow rate recommended for a low-flow oxygen device in preterm infants?
- 2 LPM
Why is humidification required for neonatal oxygen devices? - to prevent airway dryness
What is the target SpO2 range for neonatal infants to prevent retinopathy of prematurity? -
88-92%
Which of the following sites can be used to obtain arterial blood gases (ABG) in infants? -
radial, brachial, femoral, dorsalis pedis
What is used for pain control in infants during invasive procedures like ABG? - oral
sucrose on a pacifier
Which method is commonly used to visualize arteries in infants for arterial punctures? -
transillumination
What ABG site is used for pre-ductal oxygenation readings in infants? - right radial
In an infant, a PaCO₂ value between 45-55 mmHg is considered: - normal
, For preterm infants, what range of pH is considered acceptable? - 7.25 to 7.45
Which of the following is true about capillary blood gas in infants? - it is useful for
measuring ventilation status
Which invasive monitoring device is placed through the umbilical artery in neonates? -
umbilical artery catheter
Capillary blood gas is usually taken from which site in infants? - heel
An umbilical artery catheter provides which type of blood gas reading? - post-ductal
What does PDA stand for? - patent ductus arteriosus
How is pre-ductal oxygenation measured? - by placing monitor on the right arm
What is an expected difference in oxygen saturation levels between pre-ductal and post-ductal
measurements indicative of a patent ductus arteriosus? - 15-20%
What is the optimal temperature range for a transcutaneous monitor? - 41-44 C
What does a transcutaneous monitor measure? - transcutaneous oxygen and carbon
dioxide levels
What is the purpose of the contact gel used with transcutaneous monitors? - to prevent
burns from the heating element
What type of monitoring is used for detecting apnea in infants? - apnea monitoring
How does an apnea monitor detect heart rate? - by detecting movement through
impedance
What type of alarm does the apnea monitor have when an infant goes apneic? - a shrill
alarm
What is the primary cause of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in neonates? -
surfactant deficiency
Which sign is commonly associated with respiratory distress in a neonate? - cyanosis
What is the typical timeframe for respiratory distress syndrome to present in preterm infants? -
within the first 6 hours of life
Which treatment is most critical for a neonate diagnosed with RDS? - administering
surfactant
