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PHARMACOLOGY HESI EXIT EXAM 2025 | ALL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan? - (answers)Prevention of
chemotherapy-induced emesis and diabetic gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan - (answers)Drowsiness, EPS such as
tremors
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan - (answers)Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) - (answers)For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT
weight control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) - (answers)Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) - (answers)Ask pt to
describe dietary intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) - (answers)Fiber
laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? - (answers)Bulk forming laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives -
(answers)Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction
Laxative use assessment - (answers)Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain,
fever and obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should - (answers)Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise
as tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in - (answers)Lack of bowel tone which can lead to
dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran) - (answers)antiemetic
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What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? - (answers)Prevention of N/V associated
with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran? -
(answers)PTs with liver failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns - (answers)5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie,
sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? - (answers)They
decrease GI inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) - (answers)Nausea,
rash, arthralgia, hematological disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff - (answers)Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff - (answers)Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax? - (answers)An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? - (answers)STDs such as: gonorrhea and
chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? - (answers)One dose of 1g
or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need
to be tested? - (answers)Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? - (answers)Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver
enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? - (answers)An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect - (answers)Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions,
neuropathy
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nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations - (answers)Give with milk or meals
check LFTs. Watch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an
irreversible peripheral neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? - (answers)Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? - (answers)With food and around the
clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? -
(answers)Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples - (answers)gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin,
tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - (answers)given IV for
several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin) -
(answers)decreased hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)? -
(answers)BUN and creatinine
DOC for MRSA - (answers)vancomycin
what is MRSA - (answers)severe staph infections that have become resistant to
most antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin - (answers)acute care requires frequent
monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule.
trough is drawn just prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin - (answers)nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin - (answers)thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused too
PHARMACOLOGY HESI EXIT EXAM 2025 | ALL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan? - (answers)Prevention of
chemotherapy-induced emesis and diabetic gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan - (answers)Drowsiness, EPS such as
tremors
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan - (answers)Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) - (answers)For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT
weight control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) - (answers)Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) - (answers)Ask pt to
describe dietary intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) - (answers)Fiber
laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? - (answers)Bulk forming laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives -
(answers)Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction
Laxative use assessment - (answers)Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain,
fever and obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should - (answers)Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise
as tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in - (answers)Lack of bowel tone which can lead to
dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran) - (answers)antiemetic
,2|Page
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? - (answers)Prevention of N/V associated
with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran? -
(answers)PTs with liver failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns - (answers)5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie,
sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? - (answers)They
decrease GI inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) - (answers)Nausea,
rash, arthralgia, hematological disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff - (answers)Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff - (answers)Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax? - (answers)An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? - (answers)STDs such as: gonorrhea and
chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? - (answers)One dose of 1g
or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need
to be tested? - (answers)Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? - (answers)Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver
enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? - (answers)An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect - (answers)Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions,
neuropathy
, 3|Page
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations - (answers)Give with milk or meals
check LFTs. Watch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an
irreversible peripheral neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? - (answers)Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? - (answers)With food and around the
clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? -
(answers)Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples - (answers)gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin,
tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - (answers)given IV for
several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin) -
(answers)decreased hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)? -
(answers)BUN and creatinine
DOC for MRSA - (answers)vancomycin
what is MRSA - (answers)severe staph infections that have become resistant to
most antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin - (answers)acute care requires frequent
monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule.
trough is drawn just prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin - (answers)nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin - (answers)thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused too
