BIO 168 Exam Questions and Answers
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Functions of the skeletal system - ✔✔support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell
production
bone shapes are: - ✔✔long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
Long bones - ✔✔longer than they are wide
Short bones - ✔✔cube shaped bones of the wrist and ankle
Sesamoid bones - ✔✔round bones found near joints (e.g., the patella)
Flat Bones - ✔✔These bones are thin, flat, and curved. They form the ribs, breastbone,
and skull.
Irregular bones - ✔✔bones of the vertebrae and face
Bone markings - ✔✔bones display projections, depressions, and openings that serve as
sites of muscle, ligament, and tendon attachment, as joint surfaces, or as conduits for
blood vessels
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, Bone projections - ✔✔grow out from the bone and serve as sites of muscle attachment
or help form joints, ex: head, process, condyle
Bone depressions - ✔✔concave, indented areas or openings in bones
Structure of long bone - ✔✔diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysis
Structure of flat bone - ✔✔resembles a sandwich of spongy bone between two layers of
compact bone
cell types of osseous tissue - ✔✔osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
osteogenic cells - ✔✔stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts
osteoblasts - ✔✔Bone building cells
osteocytes - ✔✔mature bone cells
osteoclasts - ✔✔break down bone
Homeostasis - how do cells mentioned above maintain homeostasis? - ✔✔regulating the
level of calcium and other minerals in the blood by storing or releasing them from
bones as needed.
Characteristics of Bone Tissue - ✔✔
Compact bone - ✔✔Hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a
bone
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100% Passs
Functions of the skeletal system - ✔✔support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell
production
bone shapes are: - ✔✔long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid
Long bones - ✔✔longer than they are wide
Short bones - ✔✔cube shaped bones of the wrist and ankle
Sesamoid bones - ✔✔round bones found near joints (e.g., the patella)
Flat Bones - ✔✔These bones are thin, flat, and curved. They form the ribs, breastbone,
and skull.
Irregular bones - ✔✔bones of the vertebrae and face
Bone markings - ✔✔bones display projections, depressions, and openings that serve as
sites of muscle, ligament, and tendon attachment, as joint surfaces, or as conduits for
blood vessels
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, Bone projections - ✔✔grow out from the bone and serve as sites of muscle attachment
or help form joints, ex: head, process, condyle
Bone depressions - ✔✔concave, indented areas or openings in bones
Structure of long bone - ✔✔diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysis
Structure of flat bone - ✔✔resembles a sandwich of spongy bone between two layers of
compact bone
cell types of osseous tissue - ✔✔osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
osteogenic cells - ✔✔stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts
osteoblasts - ✔✔Bone building cells
osteocytes - ✔✔mature bone cells
osteoclasts - ✔✔break down bone
Homeostasis - how do cells mentioned above maintain homeostasis? - ✔✔regulating the
level of calcium and other minerals in the blood by storing or releasing them from
bones as needed.
Characteristics of Bone Tissue - ✔✔
Compact bone - ✔✔Hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a
bone
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