NCLEX RN Chapter 58 Renal System
The ______ are the functional unit of the kidney/ -
✅nephrons
The kidneys secrete _____ to regulate the blood pressure and ______ to stimulate the bone marrow
to produce RBCs. -
✅renin
erythropoietin
When doing a urine culture and sensitivity testing, collect a _____ sample in a sterile container. -
✅midstream.
The ______ clearance test provides the best estimate of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR); the
normal GFR is _____mL/min -
✅creatinine
125
What is this: an x-ray procedure in which an intravenous injection of radiopaque dye is used to
visualize and identify abnormalities in the renal system. -
✅Intravenous urography
While preparing a patient for intravenous urography, it is important to check the client for allergies
to ____, ____ food, and radiopaque dyes. -
✅iodine
seafood
After IV urography, it is important to reinforce instructions to the client to drink at least ____L of
fluid unless contraindicated. -
✅1
Contrast dye is potentially ____ to kidneys; the risk is greater in ____ clients and those
experiencing dehydration. -
✅damaging
older
The dye used in a renal angiography may be nephrotoxic; therefore, encourage increased _____
unless contraindicated, and monitor _______ _____. -
✅fluids
urinary output
What is this: the bladder mucosa is examined for inflammation, calculi, or tumors by means of a
cystoscope; a sample for biopsy may be obtained. -
✅cystoscopy and biopsy of the bladder
For a patient who has just had a cystoscopy of the bladder, monitor ____ and ____ and encourage
_____-_____ exercises to relieve bladder spasms. -
✅intake and output
1
, deep-breathing
A client has just had a cystoscopy of the bladder, their legs begin to cramp. What should you do? -
✅Tell them that this is normal because of the lithotomy position maintained during the
procedure.
After a client just had a cystoscopy of the bladder, how serious is burning on urination, pink-tinged
or tea-colored urine, and urinary frequency? -
✅not serious, these are normal and will resolve in a few days.
After a client just had a cystoscopy of the bladder, how serious is bright red urine and clots? -
✅serious, notify the RN or HCP and check WBC count which will help diagnose an infection
What is this: insertion of a needle into the kidney to obtain a sample of tissue for examination;
usually done percutaneously. -
✅renal biopsy
Before a patient undergoes renal biopsy, check baseline ______ studies. The HCP is notified if
abnormal results are noted. Ensure an _____ ____ has been signed and obtained. -
✅coagulation
informed consent
After a renal biopsy, apply _____ to the biopsy site for 30 minutes. -
✅pressure
After a renal biopsy, place the client on strict ____ ____ in the ____ position, as prescribed, with a
back roll for additional support for __-__ hours after the biopsy. -
✅bed rest
supine
2-6
____ _____ ____ is the rapid loss of kidney function from renal cell damage. This occurs abruptly
and can be reversible. It can lead to hypoperfusion, cell death, and decompensation of renal
function. -
✅Acute kidney injury
Phases of AKI (acute kidney injury) and interventions: Oliguric phase: Sudden decrease in urine
output. Urine output is less than _____ mL/day. The patient will have signs of excess or deficit fluid
volume? -
✅400
excess: hypertension, edema, pleural and pericardial effusions.
Phases of AKI (acute kidney injury) and interventions: Oliguric phase: patient will have signs of
_____: friction rub, chest pain with inspiration, and low-grade fever. -
✅pericarditis
Phases of AKI (acute kidney injury) and interventions: Oliguric phase: fluid intake may be _____. If
hypertension is present, daily fluid allowances may be ____mL to _____mL plus the measured
urinary output. -
✅restricted
2
The ______ are the functional unit of the kidney/ -
✅nephrons
The kidneys secrete _____ to regulate the blood pressure and ______ to stimulate the bone marrow
to produce RBCs. -
✅renin
erythropoietin
When doing a urine culture and sensitivity testing, collect a _____ sample in a sterile container. -
✅midstream.
The ______ clearance test provides the best estimate of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR); the
normal GFR is _____mL/min -
✅creatinine
125
What is this: an x-ray procedure in which an intravenous injection of radiopaque dye is used to
visualize and identify abnormalities in the renal system. -
✅Intravenous urography
While preparing a patient for intravenous urography, it is important to check the client for allergies
to ____, ____ food, and radiopaque dyes. -
✅iodine
seafood
After IV urography, it is important to reinforce instructions to the client to drink at least ____L of
fluid unless contraindicated. -
✅1
Contrast dye is potentially ____ to kidneys; the risk is greater in ____ clients and those
experiencing dehydration. -
✅damaging
older
The dye used in a renal angiography may be nephrotoxic; therefore, encourage increased _____
unless contraindicated, and monitor _______ _____. -
✅fluids
urinary output
What is this: the bladder mucosa is examined for inflammation, calculi, or tumors by means of a
cystoscope; a sample for biopsy may be obtained. -
✅cystoscopy and biopsy of the bladder
For a patient who has just had a cystoscopy of the bladder, monitor ____ and ____ and encourage
_____-_____ exercises to relieve bladder spasms. -
✅intake and output
1
, deep-breathing
A client has just had a cystoscopy of the bladder, their legs begin to cramp. What should you do? -
✅Tell them that this is normal because of the lithotomy position maintained during the
procedure.
After a client just had a cystoscopy of the bladder, how serious is burning on urination, pink-tinged
or tea-colored urine, and urinary frequency? -
✅not serious, these are normal and will resolve in a few days.
After a client just had a cystoscopy of the bladder, how serious is bright red urine and clots? -
✅serious, notify the RN or HCP and check WBC count which will help diagnose an infection
What is this: insertion of a needle into the kidney to obtain a sample of tissue for examination;
usually done percutaneously. -
✅renal biopsy
Before a patient undergoes renal biopsy, check baseline ______ studies. The HCP is notified if
abnormal results are noted. Ensure an _____ ____ has been signed and obtained. -
✅coagulation
informed consent
After a renal biopsy, apply _____ to the biopsy site for 30 minutes. -
✅pressure
After a renal biopsy, place the client on strict ____ ____ in the ____ position, as prescribed, with a
back roll for additional support for __-__ hours after the biopsy. -
✅bed rest
supine
2-6
____ _____ ____ is the rapid loss of kidney function from renal cell damage. This occurs abruptly
and can be reversible. It can lead to hypoperfusion, cell death, and decompensation of renal
function. -
✅Acute kidney injury
Phases of AKI (acute kidney injury) and interventions: Oliguric phase: Sudden decrease in urine
output. Urine output is less than _____ mL/day. The patient will have signs of excess or deficit fluid
volume? -
✅400
excess: hypertension, edema, pleural and pericardial effusions.
Phases of AKI (acute kidney injury) and interventions: Oliguric phase: patient will have signs of
_____: friction rub, chest pain with inspiration, and low-grade fever. -
✅pericarditis
Phases of AKI (acute kidney injury) and interventions: Oliguric phase: fluid intake may be _____. If
hypertension is present, daily fluid allowances may be ____mL to _____mL plus the measured
urinary output. -
✅restricted
2
