BB451 Exam 3 Gene Expression with
verified answers graded A+
what are protein chaperones? - correct answer ✔✔proteins that help assist in
protein folding (require ATP)
What are the post-translational modifications? - correct answer ✔✔1.) folding
2.) proteolytic cleavage
3.) chemical modification
4.) intein splicing
describe the processing pathway of insulin. - correct answer ✔✔1.) signal peptide
of preproinsulin is cleaved to make proinsulin
2.)disulfide bonds form bridges
3.) the B chain is cleaved to form active insulin
how are histones modified? - correct answer ✔✔acetylation, methylation and
phosphorylation
what is post translational glycosylation? - correct answer ✔✔the attachment of
large networks of carbohydrate side chains to proteins
What is O-linked glycosylation? - correct answer ✔✔linkage via OH group of ser
and Thr
, what is N-linked glycosylation? - correct answer ✔✔lnkage vis NH2 group of Asn
what are inteins? - correct answer ✔✔internal segments of proteins that are
removed posttranslationally (similar to removing introns)
why is transcription and translation accuracy not as important as DNA replication
accuracy? - correct answer ✔✔most genes are repeatedly transcribed and the
genetic code os degenerate and amino acid subs are tolerated
list the 11 major regulatory points in gene expression: - correct answer ✔✔1.)
transcription (initiation)
2.) nucleotide availability
3.) mRNA degradation
4.) mRNA processing
5.) mRNA transport
6.) translation (initiation)
7.) amino acid availability
8.) post-translational processing
9.) post-translational modifications
10.) protein transport and targeting
11.) protein degradation
how is the lac operon in bacteria regulated? - correct answer ✔✔via repression
and induction
verified answers graded A+
what are protein chaperones? - correct answer ✔✔proteins that help assist in
protein folding (require ATP)
What are the post-translational modifications? - correct answer ✔✔1.) folding
2.) proteolytic cleavage
3.) chemical modification
4.) intein splicing
describe the processing pathway of insulin. - correct answer ✔✔1.) signal peptide
of preproinsulin is cleaved to make proinsulin
2.)disulfide bonds form bridges
3.) the B chain is cleaved to form active insulin
how are histones modified? - correct answer ✔✔acetylation, methylation and
phosphorylation
what is post translational glycosylation? - correct answer ✔✔the attachment of
large networks of carbohydrate side chains to proteins
What is O-linked glycosylation? - correct answer ✔✔linkage via OH group of ser
and Thr
, what is N-linked glycosylation? - correct answer ✔✔lnkage vis NH2 group of Asn
what are inteins? - correct answer ✔✔internal segments of proteins that are
removed posttranslationally (similar to removing introns)
why is transcription and translation accuracy not as important as DNA replication
accuracy? - correct answer ✔✔most genes are repeatedly transcribed and the
genetic code os degenerate and amino acid subs are tolerated
list the 11 major regulatory points in gene expression: - correct answer ✔✔1.)
transcription (initiation)
2.) nucleotide availability
3.) mRNA degradation
4.) mRNA processing
5.) mRNA transport
6.) translation (initiation)
7.) amino acid availability
8.) post-translational processing
9.) post-translational modifications
10.) protein transport and targeting
11.) protein degradation
how is the lac operon in bacteria regulated? - correct answer ✔✔via repression
and induction
