BB451 Exam 1 CAC section questions
with complete solutions
What are the reactants of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Acetyl-CoA, NAD+, FAD,
GDP, Pi, H20
What are the products of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔CO2, NADH, FADH2, GTP,
2H, CoA
Which steps in CAC require energy? (have a positive ΔG°') - correct answer
✔✔The Aconitase reactions and the Malate DH reaction
What is the overall ΔG°' for the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔-9.8 kcal/mol
Why are some steps of CAC endergonic? - correct answer ✔✔Because upstream
exergonic reactions and downstream exergonic reactions ensure that substrate
levels are high and product levels are low, which drives the reaction in a net
forward direction
What would happen to the ΔG°' for the Malate DH reaction if malate and NAD are
very high and oxaloacetate and NADH are very low? - correct answer ✔✔it would
become negative
What is the first step of CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Citrate synthase converts
Acetyl-CoA, Oxaloacetate, and H2O into Citrate, CoA, and H+
, What type of reaction is the first step of CAC? - correct answer ✔✔condensation
reaction
What is the second step of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Citrate is converted into
cis-aconitate and H2O which is then converted into Isocitrate
What type of reactions are involved in the second step of the CAC? - correct
answer ✔✔dehydration reaction followed by a hydration reaction
What is the third step of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Isocitrate and NAD+ is
converted to α-ketoglutarate, CO2 and NADH
What type of reactions are involved in the third step of the CAC? - correct answer
✔✔decarboxylation reaction followed by an oxidation reaction
What is the fourth step of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔α-ketoglutarate, NAD+
and CoA are converted to Succinyl CoA, CO2, and NADH
What type of reactions are involved in the fourth step of the CAC? - correct
answer ✔✔decarboxylation reaction followed by an oxidation reaction
What is the fifth step of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Succinyl CoA, Pi, and GDP
are converted to Succinate, GTP, and CoA
with complete solutions
What are the reactants of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Acetyl-CoA, NAD+, FAD,
GDP, Pi, H20
What are the products of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔CO2, NADH, FADH2, GTP,
2H, CoA
Which steps in CAC require energy? (have a positive ΔG°') - correct answer
✔✔The Aconitase reactions and the Malate DH reaction
What is the overall ΔG°' for the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔-9.8 kcal/mol
Why are some steps of CAC endergonic? - correct answer ✔✔Because upstream
exergonic reactions and downstream exergonic reactions ensure that substrate
levels are high and product levels are low, which drives the reaction in a net
forward direction
What would happen to the ΔG°' for the Malate DH reaction if malate and NAD are
very high and oxaloacetate and NADH are very low? - correct answer ✔✔it would
become negative
What is the first step of CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Citrate synthase converts
Acetyl-CoA, Oxaloacetate, and H2O into Citrate, CoA, and H+
, What type of reaction is the first step of CAC? - correct answer ✔✔condensation
reaction
What is the second step of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Citrate is converted into
cis-aconitate and H2O which is then converted into Isocitrate
What type of reactions are involved in the second step of the CAC? - correct
answer ✔✔dehydration reaction followed by a hydration reaction
What is the third step of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Isocitrate and NAD+ is
converted to α-ketoglutarate, CO2 and NADH
What type of reactions are involved in the third step of the CAC? - correct answer
✔✔decarboxylation reaction followed by an oxidation reaction
What is the fourth step of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔α-ketoglutarate, NAD+
and CoA are converted to Succinyl CoA, CO2, and NADH
What type of reactions are involved in the fourth step of the CAC? - correct
answer ✔✔decarboxylation reaction followed by an oxidation reaction
What is the fifth step of the CAC? - correct answer ✔✔Succinyl CoA, Pi, and GDP
are converted to Succinate, GTP, and CoA
