PHRM 123 Exam 1 Questions With 100%
Correct Answers
What are the cellular and cell-fragment components of the blood called? - ANSWER
Formed elements
Where are the formed elements formed? - ANSWER Red bone marrow
What is the term for red blood cells? - ANSWER Erythrocytes
What is the term for the white blood cells? - ANSWER Leukocytes
What has a concentration of approximately 4 to 6 million per mm3 of whole blood? -
ANSWER erythrocytes
What is the range of erythrocytes in whole blood? - ANSWER 4 o 6 million per mm3
What has a normal range of about 5,000 to 10,000 per mm3 of whole blood? - ANSWER
leukocytes
What is the normal range of leukocytes in whole blood? - ANSWER 5,000 to 10,000 per
mm3
What are the two primary types of leukocytes? - ANSWER Granulocytes, Agranulocytes
What are cells with obvious cytoplasmic particles? - ANSWER Granulocytes
What are cells without pronounced cytoplasmic particles? - ANSWER Agranuloctyes
Neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils are examples of? - ANSWER granuloctyes
Lymphocytes and monocytes are examples of - ANSWER agranulocytes
What are particles that stain most under neutral pH conditions? - ANSWER neutrophils
What are particles that readily take up the stain called eosin? - ANSWER eosinophils
What are the particles that stain most intensely under basic pH conditions? - ANSWER
basophils
What is a low neutrophil count called? - ANSWER neutropenia
What is a high white cell count called? - ANSWER leukocytosis
What is a low white cell count called? - ANSWER leukocytopenia, leukopenia
What is another term for platelets? - ANSWER thrombocytes
,What are cell fragments of the cellular precursor called? - ANSWER megakaryocyte
What has a concentration between 250,000 and 400,000 per mm3? - ANSWER platelets
What is the range of platelets in whole blood? - ANSWER 250,000 to 400,000 per mm3
What is a high number of thrombocytes called? - ANSWER thrombocytosis
What is a low number of thrombocytes called? - ANSWER thrombocytopenia
What are the 4 main components of blood? - ANSWER Erythrocytes, Leukocytes,
Thrombocytes, Plasma
What is the main function of erythrocytes? - ANSWER essentially bags of hemoglobin,
which is crucial in providing adequate oxygen to the body's cells
What is the main function of leukocytes? - ANSWER protect the body against invading
microorganisms and foreign bodies, remove dead/damaged cells along w/ debris from
the body
What is the main function of platelets? - ANSWER critical in blood clotting, both by
aggregating together, forming a platelet plug, but also working w/ the clotting factors to
form fibrin from fibrinogen
What are the three primary types of plasma protein? - ANSWER albumin, globulin,
fibrinogen
What is the primary determinant of blood osmolarity, but also is important as a carrier
for some lipid-soluble substances such as hormones, drugs, and metabolites - ANSWER
albumin
What % of plasma proteins is composed of albumin - ANSWER 58
What are the three types of globulins - ANSWER alpha, beta, gamma
What % of plasma proteins is composed of globulins - ANSWER 38
Where are alpha and beta-globulins primarily synthesized? - ANSWER liver
What is the main function of alpha and beta-globulins? - ANSWER enzymes and proteins
that transport compounds in the body
What is involved with the inhibition of enzyme-digesting enzymes and selected blood
coagulation enzymes? - ANSWER alpha globulins
What is involved with Fe-binding and transport, immune targeting of foreign material,
and a species of immunoglobin antibody called IgM - ANSWER beta globulins
Where are gamma-globulins synthesized? - ANSWER B-lymphocytes and plasma cells
What are synthesized in B-lymphocytes and plasma cells? - ANSWER gamma-globulins
, What gamma globulins represent specific antibodies to specific antigens involved with
the immune response? - ANSWER IgM, IgA, IgG
What is the precursor to fibrin? - ANSWER Fibrinogen
What is fibrinogen? - ANSWER end product of the blood clotting sequence
What is the end product of the blood clotting sequence - ANSWER Fibrinogen
What % of plasma proteins is composed of fibrinogen? - ANSWER 4
What is the liquid portion of the blood called? - ANSWER plasma
What is plasma composed of? - ANSWER 91% water, 7% plasma proteins, 2% dissolved
solutes
What is plasma primarily composed of? - ANSWER water
What reports the percentage of total WBC for each type? - ANSWER differential white
cell count
What is the normal % of neutrophils? - ANSWER 50-70
What is the normal % of eosinophils? - ANSWER 1-5
What i the normal % of basophils? - ANSWER 0-1
What is the normal % of lymphocytes - ANSWER 20-40
What is the normal % of monocytes - ANSWER 1-6
What is a complete blood count a measurement of? - ANSWER erythrocytes, leukocytes,
platelets, absolute neutrophil count
What is the first line of defense against bacterial pathogens? - ANSWER neutrophils
What functions as part of the inflammatory response to parasites too large to be
engulfed by individual immune cells? - ANSWER eosinophils
What functions in hypersensitivity reactions and contains large amounts of histamine,
which are released in tissue and responsible for increased inflammation? - ANSWER
basophils
Correct Answers
What are the cellular and cell-fragment components of the blood called? - ANSWER
Formed elements
Where are the formed elements formed? - ANSWER Red bone marrow
What is the term for red blood cells? - ANSWER Erythrocytes
What is the term for the white blood cells? - ANSWER Leukocytes
What has a concentration of approximately 4 to 6 million per mm3 of whole blood? -
ANSWER erythrocytes
What is the range of erythrocytes in whole blood? - ANSWER 4 o 6 million per mm3
What has a normal range of about 5,000 to 10,000 per mm3 of whole blood? - ANSWER
leukocytes
What is the normal range of leukocytes in whole blood? - ANSWER 5,000 to 10,000 per
mm3
What are the two primary types of leukocytes? - ANSWER Granulocytes, Agranulocytes
What are cells with obvious cytoplasmic particles? - ANSWER Granulocytes
What are cells without pronounced cytoplasmic particles? - ANSWER Agranuloctyes
Neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils are examples of? - ANSWER granuloctyes
Lymphocytes and monocytes are examples of - ANSWER agranulocytes
What are particles that stain most under neutral pH conditions? - ANSWER neutrophils
What are particles that readily take up the stain called eosin? - ANSWER eosinophils
What are the particles that stain most intensely under basic pH conditions? - ANSWER
basophils
What is a low neutrophil count called? - ANSWER neutropenia
What is a high white cell count called? - ANSWER leukocytosis
What is a low white cell count called? - ANSWER leukocytopenia, leukopenia
What is another term for platelets? - ANSWER thrombocytes
,What are cell fragments of the cellular precursor called? - ANSWER megakaryocyte
What has a concentration between 250,000 and 400,000 per mm3? - ANSWER platelets
What is the range of platelets in whole blood? - ANSWER 250,000 to 400,000 per mm3
What is a high number of thrombocytes called? - ANSWER thrombocytosis
What is a low number of thrombocytes called? - ANSWER thrombocytopenia
What are the 4 main components of blood? - ANSWER Erythrocytes, Leukocytes,
Thrombocytes, Plasma
What is the main function of erythrocytes? - ANSWER essentially bags of hemoglobin,
which is crucial in providing adequate oxygen to the body's cells
What is the main function of leukocytes? - ANSWER protect the body against invading
microorganisms and foreign bodies, remove dead/damaged cells along w/ debris from
the body
What is the main function of platelets? - ANSWER critical in blood clotting, both by
aggregating together, forming a platelet plug, but also working w/ the clotting factors to
form fibrin from fibrinogen
What are the three primary types of plasma protein? - ANSWER albumin, globulin,
fibrinogen
What is the primary determinant of blood osmolarity, but also is important as a carrier
for some lipid-soluble substances such as hormones, drugs, and metabolites - ANSWER
albumin
What % of plasma proteins is composed of albumin - ANSWER 58
What are the three types of globulins - ANSWER alpha, beta, gamma
What % of plasma proteins is composed of globulins - ANSWER 38
Where are alpha and beta-globulins primarily synthesized? - ANSWER liver
What is the main function of alpha and beta-globulins? - ANSWER enzymes and proteins
that transport compounds in the body
What is involved with the inhibition of enzyme-digesting enzymes and selected blood
coagulation enzymes? - ANSWER alpha globulins
What is involved with Fe-binding and transport, immune targeting of foreign material,
and a species of immunoglobin antibody called IgM - ANSWER beta globulins
Where are gamma-globulins synthesized? - ANSWER B-lymphocytes and plasma cells
What are synthesized in B-lymphocytes and plasma cells? - ANSWER gamma-globulins
, What gamma globulins represent specific antibodies to specific antigens involved with
the immune response? - ANSWER IgM, IgA, IgG
What is the precursor to fibrin? - ANSWER Fibrinogen
What is fibrinogen? - ANSWER end product of the blood clotting sequence
What is the end product of the blood clotting sequence - ANSWER Fibrinogen
What % of plasma proteins is composed of fibrinogen? - ANSWER 4
What is the liquid portion of the blood called? - ANSWER plasma
What is plasma composed of? - ANSWER 91% water, 7% plasma proteins, 2% dissolved
solutes
What is plasma primarily composed of? - ANSWER water
What reports the percentage of total WBC for each type? - ANSWER differential white
cell count
What is the normal % of neutrophils? - ANSWER 50-70
What is the normal % of eosinophils? - ANSWER 1-5
What i the normal % of basophils? - ANSWER 0-1
What is the normal % of lymphocytes - ANSWER 20-40
What is the normal % of monocytes - ANSWER 1-6
What is a complete blood count a measurement of? - ANSWER erythrocytes, leukocytes,
platelets, absolute neutrophil count
What is the first line of defense against bacterial pathogens? - ANSWER neutrophils
What functions as part of the inflammatory response to parasites too large to be
engulfed by individual immune cells? - ANSWER eosinophils
What functions in hypersensitivity reactions and contains large amounts of histamine,
which are released in tissue and responsible for increased inflammation? - ANSWER
basophils
