CCI Registry Review
A patient with conduction abnormalities, asymmetric LVH, and hyper echoic endocardial layer
most likely suffers from? - ANS -Fabry Disease
What measurements are needed to calculate Left Atrial Pressure? - ANS -MR velocity and
Systolic BP
Congenital PS is most commonly associated with what? - ANS -Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
What is the first parameter to consider when assessing a patient for diastolic dysfunction? -
ANS -LV Ejection Fraction
Describe the difference between a true aneurysm of the LV and a Pseudoaneursym of the LV? -
ANS -A true aneurysm involves weakening of the myocardial layer. A pseudoaneurysm is a
rupture of the endocardium and myocardium, while the blood is contained by the pericardium.
In a patient with a PDA, normal intracardiac pressures can be assumed if the peak pressure
gradient across the ductus is equivalent to? - ANS -100 mmHg
Which of the following will cause an increase in preload? - ANS -Patent Ductus Arteriosus
(PDA)
_________________ are small fibrous nodular areas that are normally identified on the central
part of the aortic cusps. - ANS -Nodules of Arantius
Aortic coarctation between the origin of the left common carotid and the origin of the left
subclavian artery will have what effect on the brachial pressures? - ANS -Increased right arm
pressure and decreased left arm pressure
What type of magnification provides the highest frame rate and best image resolution? - ANS
-Pre-processing
What level of Pulmonary HTN is present with an acceleration time of 50 m/sec for the pulmonary
valve doppler tracing? - ANS -Severe
Which of the following describes the RV? - ANS -Several chord tendineae attach directly to the
ventricular wall
A 40 yr old with a 4mm VSD will demonstrate dilation of which of the following chambers 1st? -
ANS -Left Atrium and Left Ventricle
,When considering treatment options for an aneurysm of the LV, the most important information
the surgeon needs to see in the pre-op report is? - ANS -Motion of the unaffected wall
segments
Grade III diastolic dysfunction of the LV is commonly associated with? - ANS -Advanced
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
The ______________ represents atrial systole on the doppler tracing of the Pulmonary Vein. -
ANS -A wave
Which type of image resolution improves with proper placement of the focal zone at the area of
interest? - ANS -Lateral resolution
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy will usually cause what change in brachial blood pressures during
treadmill testing? - ANS -Decrease in systolic and diastolic pressure
Which of the following describes how to visualize all 3 hepatic veins on the same image? - ANS
-Subcostal Transverse view, angled toward patient's right shoulder
A patient presents due to a recent stroke. Considering there is a normal septum, which of the
following could be a potential cause? - ANS -Aortic Valve Stenosis
Which method for MR assessment is the most accurate when evaluating a mechanical valve
mitral valve replacement in the A4C? - ANS -PISA Radius
You suspect calcification in the LV. You activate harmonics and add a focal zone to the field of
view. Which type of resolution improves the most? - ANS -Lateral
The vena contract measurement for TR should be performed in what view? - ANS -Parasternal
RV Inflow View
The ultrasound system relies on ____________ for accurate recording of motion clips on an
echo. - ANS -R wave and T wave on the EKG
Which of the following windows provides the best evaluation of AS using the PEDOF probe? -
ANS -Suprasternal Notch view
You are evaluating a patient for elevated LAP, systolic function is normal. Which of the following
parameters is used to grade dysfunction? - ANS -Left Atrial Volume Index
Carnitine deficiency is associated with? - ANS -Dilated Cardiomyopathy
, _________________ is a common finding with infiltrative cardiomyopathy, endocarditis, and a
recent MI. - ANS -Pericardial Effusion
IVC plethora is a common finding in? - ANS -Constrictive Pericarditis
Which of the following are most suggestive of cardiac changes related to sickle cell disease? -
ANS -LVH and Dilated Pulmonary Veins
Which of the following correctly describes how to assess diastolic dysfunction on a stress echo?
- ANS -Measure E and E' velocities before and after exercise
What is the most reliable method for diagnosing cardiac tamponade? - ANS -Doppler
evaluation of mitral inflow velocities during normal respiration
Which of the following is commonly associated with Aortic Coarctation? - ANS -Bicuspid AV
Severe Acute AR: - ANS -Causes a rapid increase in LVDP
This form of cardiomyopathy typically demonstrates normal LV side, bi-ventricular hypertrophy
and significant bi-atrial enlargement? - ANS -Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
What effect does dilated cardiomyopathy have on the heart rate? - ANS -Increases
You perform an echo and the only abnormal finding present is mild MR. What do you expect the
peak pressure gradient to be for the MR? - ANS -100 mmHg
Which of the following transducers can be used to safely scan the patient? - ANS -Beta-dine
infiltration of the matching layer
A patient has a history of ankylosing Spondylitis. What are the expected findings on the echo? -
ANS -AS and Dilated AoR with wall thickening
Which type of murmur is associated with Mild AS? - ANS -Systolic ejection
What indicates a cardiac transplant patient is experiencing acute rejection? - ANS -Increased
LV mass, decreased systolic function, and an increase in the echogenity of the myocardium
Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic systemic HTN identified on doppler
evaluation? - ANS -E to A reversal
A patient presents with a clinical history of stable angina. What medication would you expect to
be listed in her chart that is related to this clinical history? - ANS -Nitroglycerin
The normal range for cardiac stroke volume is? - ANS -70 - 100 cc
A patient with conduction abnormalities, asymmetric LVH, and hyper echoic endocardial layer
most likely suffers from? - ANS -Fabry Disease
What measurements are needed to calculate Left Atrial Pressure? - ANS -MR velocity and
Systolic BP
Congenital PS is most commonly associated with what? - ANS -Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
What is the first parameter to consider when assessing a patient for diastolic dysfunction? -
ANS -LV Ejection Fraction
Describe the difference between a true aneurysm of the LV and a Pseudoaneursym of the LV? -
ANS -A true aneurysm involves weakening of the myocardial layer. A pseudoaneurysm is a
rupture of the endocardium and myocardium, while the blood is contained by the pericardium.
In a patient with a PDA, normal intracardiac pressures can be assumed if the peak pressure
gradient across the ductus is equivalent to? - ANS -100 mmHg
Which of the following will cause an increase in preload? - ANS -Patent Ductus Arteriosus
(PDA)
_________________ are small fibrous nodular areas that are normally identified on the central
part of the aortic cusps. - ANS -Nodules of Arantius
Aortic coarctation between the origin of the left common carotid and the origin of the left
subclavian artery will have what effect on the brachial pressures? - ANS -Increased right arm
pressure and decreased left arm pressure
What type of magnification provides the highest frame rate and best image resolution? - ANS
-Pre-processing
What level of Pulmonary HTN is present with an acceleration time of 50 m/sec for the pulmonary
valve doppler tracing? - ANS -Severe
Which of the following describes the RV? - ANS -Several chord tendineae attach directly to the
ventricular wall
A 40 yr old with a 4mm VSD will demonstrate dilation of which of the following chambers 1st? -
ANS -Left Atrium and Left Ventricle
,When considering treatment options for an aneurysm of the LV, the most important information
the surgeon needs to see in the pre-op report is? - ANS -Motion of the unaffected wall
segments
Grade III diastolic dysfunction of the LV is commonly associated with? - ANS -Advanced
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
The ______________ represents atrial systole on the doppler tracing of the Pulmonary Vein. -
ANS -A wave
Which type of image resolution improves with proper placement of the focal zone at the area of
interest? - ANS -Lateral resolution
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy will usually cause what change in brachial blood pressures during
treadmill testing? - ANS -Decrease in systolic and diastolic pressure
Which of the following describes how to visualize all 3 hepatic veins on the same image? - ANS
-Subcostal Transverse view, angled toward patient's right shoulder
A patient presents due to a recent stroke. Considering there is a normal septum, which of the
following could be a potential cause? - ANS -Aortic Valve Stenosis
Which method for MR assessment is the most accurate when evaluating a mechanical valve
mitral valve replacement in the A4C? - ANS -PISA Radius
You suspect calcification in the LV. You activate harmonics and add a focal zone to the field of
view. Which type of resolution improves the most? - ANS -Lateral
The vena contract measurement for TR should be performed in what view? - ANS -Parasternal
RV Inflow View
The ultrasound system relies on ____________ for accurate recording of motion clips on an
echo. - ANS -R wave and T wave on the EKG
Which of the following windows provides the best evaluation of AS using the PEDOF probe? -
ANS -Suprasternal Notch view
You are evaluating a patient for elevated LAP, systolic function is normal. Which of the following
parameters is used to grade dysfunction? - ANS -Left Atrial Volume Index
Carnitine deficiency is associated with? - ANS -Dilated Cardiomyopathy
, _________________ is a common finding with infiltrative cardiomyopathy, endocarditis, and a
recent MI. - ANS -Pericardial Effusion
IVC plethora is a common finding in? - ANS -Constrictive Pericarditis
Which of the following are most suggestive of cardiac changes related to sickle cell disease? -
ANS -LVH and Dilated Pulmonary Veins
Which of the following correctly describes how to assess diastolic dysfunction on a stress echo?
- ANS -Measure E and E' velocities before and after exercise
What is the most reliable method for diagnosing cardiac tamponade? - ANS -Doppler
evaluation of mitral inflow velocities during normal respiration
Which of the following is commonly associated with Aortic Coarctation? - ANS -Bicuspid AV
Severe Acute AR: - ANS -Causes a rapid increase in LVDP
This form of cardiomyopathy typically demonstrates normal LV side, bi-ventricular hypertrophy
and significant bi-atrial enlargement? - ANS -Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
What effect does dilated cardiomyopathy have on the heart rate? - ANS -Increases
You perform an echo and the only abnormal finding present is mild MR. What do you expect the
peak pressure gradient to be for the MR? - ANS -100 mmHg
Which of the following transducers can be used to safely scan the patient? - ANS -Beta-dine
infiltration of the matching layer
A patient has a history of ankylosing Spondylitis. What are the expected findings on the echo? -
ANS -AS and Dilated AoR with wall thickening
Which type of murmur is associated with Mild AS? - ANS -Systolic ejection
What indicates a cardiac transplant patient is experiencing acute rejection? - ANS -Increased
LV mass, decreased systolic function, and an increase in the echogenity of the myocardium
Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic systemic HTN identified on doppler
evaluation? - ANS -E to A reversal
A patient presents with a clinical history of stable angina. What medication would you expect to
be listed in her chart that is related to this clinical history? - ANS -Nitroglycerin
The normal range for cardiac stroke volume is? - ANS -70 - 100 cc
