Pharmacology Exam 2 Preparation
2025 - UTA: Complete Questions
and Answers
what is the method of action of beta blockers? - Answer- ✔✔blocks beta 1 (cardio
selective) and/or beta 2 (non-cardio selective) receptors to reduce BP/CO/Contractility
what are the prototype beta blocking drugs? why are they different? - Answer-
✔✔Propranolol (Inderal)-non-cardio selective - works on B1 and B2 receptors
Atenolol (Tenormin)-cardio selective -works only on beta 1 receptors
why are beta blockers used? - Answer- ✔✔treatment of angina, post MI, HTN,
migraines, glaucoma, HF
what are the major side effects of beta blockers? - Answer- ✔✔SERIOUS: CHF/MI,
severe bradycardia, heart block, dysrhythmias, bronchospasm (noncardio selective),
hypersensitivity reaction
COMMON: bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, fatigue, drowsiness, cold extremities
beta blocker drug interactions - Answer- ✔✔loop diuretics (reduce preload- lower BP)
Calcium channel blockers (decrease BP, slow HR)
insulin (pt may not recognize signs of hypoglycemia)
how will you know if a beta blocker is working? - Answer- ✔✔reduced HR, BP
what is the prototype alpha 1 agonist? what do they treat? - Answer- ✔✔tamsulosin
(Flowmax)-BPH
Phentamine (Regitine)- HTN
what is the prototype alpha 2 agonist? - Answer- ✔✔Clonidine
what do both alpha agonist drugs treat? - Answer- ✔✔HTN
what classes of drugs treat mainly hypertension? - Answer- ✔✔beta blockers, ACE
inhibitors, ARBs, Calcium channel blockers
what is the prototype ACE inhibitor? - Answer- ✔✔Lipitor (Zestril)
what is the prototype ARB? - Answer- ✔✔Losartan (Cozaar)
, what are the two types of calcium channel blockers? How are they different? - Answer-
✔✔Dihydropiridines (Dilate)- given for HTN only
Non-dihydropiridens (Nodes)- given for HTN and to slow HR
what are the 3 calcium channel blocker prototype drugs? - Answer- ✔✔nifedipine
(procardia)
verapamil (calan)
diltiazem (cardizem)
why is lisinopril (Zestril) given? - Answer- ✔✔antiHTN
what is the method of action of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? - Answer-
✔✔prevent sodium and water reabsorption by inhibiting aldosterone secretion. this
causes diuresis, which lowers blood volume and return to the heart. this reduces
preload and lowers work of the heart
what is different about lisinopril (Zestriil) an ACE inhibitor, compared to other
antihypertensives? - Answer- ✔✔the accumulation of bradykinin-patient may experience
a cough.
what are the side effects of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? - Answer- ✔✔-
orthostatic hypotension, hyperkalemia, photo sensitivity, anaphylaxis, angioedema
-The first dose may lower blood pressure and give the patient a bad taste in their mouth
what are the contraindications for ACE inhibitors and ARBs? lisinopril (Zestril) &
Losartan (Cozaar) - Answer- ✔✔pregnancy, allergy, renal artery stenosis, high
potassium level, high lithium level
what are the drug interactions of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? - Answer- ✔✔-
NSAIDS (reduce AHTN effect)
-potassium supplements
-potassium sparing diuretics
ARB, Losartan (Cozaar), is a potent _________ - Answer- ✔✔vasodilators
what are the side effects of ARBs, Losartan (Cozaar)? - Answer- ✔✔chest pain, fatigue,
hypoglycemia, diarrhea, UTI, anemia, weakness, liver toxicity
ARB, Lozartan (Cozaar), is less effective in what kind of patients? - Answer- ✔✔african
americans
ARBS (Losartan) block the ______ of AII
ACES (Lisinopril) block the ______ of AII - Answer- ✔✔action
formation
2025 - UTA: Complete Questions
and Answers
what is the method of action of beta blockers? - Answer- ✔✔blocks beta 1 (cardio
selective) and/or beta 2 (non-cardio selective) receptors to reduce BP/CO/Contractility
what are the prototype beta blocking drugs? why are they different? - Answer-
✔✔Propranolol (Inderal)-non-cardio selective - works on B1 and B2 receptors
Atenolol (Tenormin)-cardio selective -works only on beta 1 receptors
why are beta blockers used? - Answer- ✔✔treatment of angina, post MI, HTN,
migraines, glaucoma, HF
what are the major side effects of beta blockers? - Answer- ✔✔SERIOUS: CHF/MI,
severe bradycardia, heart block, dysrhythmias, bronchospasm (noncardio selective),
hypersensitivity reaction
COMMON: bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, fatigue, drowsiness, cold extremities
beta blocker drug interactions - Answer- ✔✔loop diuretics (reduce preload- lower BP)
Calcium channel blockers (decrease BP, slow HR)
insulin (pt may not recognize signs of hypoglycemia)
how will you know if a beta blocker is working? - Answer- ✔✔reduced HR, BP
what is the prototype alpha 1 agonist? what do they treat? - Answer- ✔✔tamsulosin
(Flowmax)-BPH
Phentamine (Regitine)- HTN
what is the prototype alpha 2 agonist? - Answer- ✔✔Clonidine
what do both alpha agonist drugs treat? - Answer- ✔✔HTN
what classes of drugs treat mainly hypertension? - Answer- ✔✔beta blockers, ACE
inhibitors, ARBs, Calcium channel blockers
what is the prototype ACE inhibitor? - Answer- ✔✔Lipitor (Zestril)
what is the prototype ARB? - Answer- ✔✔Losartan (Cozaar)
, what are the two types of calcium channel blockers? How are they different? - Answer-
✔✔Dihydropiridines (Dilate)- given for HTN only
Non-dihydropiridens (Nodes)- given for HTN and to slow HR
what are the 3 calcium channel blocker prototype drugs? - Answer- ✔✔nifedipine
(procardia)
verapamil (calan)
diltiazem (cardizem)
why is lisinopril (Zestril) given? - Answer- ✔✔antiHTN
what is the method of action of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? - Answer-
✔✔prevent sodium and water reabsorption by inhibiting aldosterone secretion. this
causes diuresis, which lowers blood volume and return to the heart. this reduces
preload and lowers work of the heart
what is different about lisinopril (Zestriil) an ACE inhibitor, compared to other
antihypertensives? - Answer- ✔✔the accumulation of bradykinin-patient may experience
a cough.
what are the side effects of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? - Answer- ✔✔-
orthostatic hypotension, hyperkalemia, photo sensitivity, anaphylaxis, angioedema
-The first dose may lower blood pressure and give the patient a bad taste in their mouth
what are the contraindications for ACE inhibitors and ARBs? lisinopril (Zestril) &
Losartan (Cozaar) - Answer- ✔✔pregnancy, allergy, renal artery stenosis, high
potassium level, high lithium level
what are the drug interactions of lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor? - Answer- ✔✔-
NSAIDS (reduce AHTN effect)
-potassium supplements
-potassium sparing diuretics
ARB, Losartan (Cozaar), is a potent _________ - Answer- ✔✔vasodilators
what are the side effects of ARBs, Losartan (Cozaar)? - Answer- ✔✔chest pain, fatigue,
hypoglycemia, diarrhea, UTI, anemia, weakness, liver toxicity
ARB, Lozartan (Cozaar), is less effective in what kind of patients? - Answer- ✔✔african
americans
ARBS (Losartan) block the ______ of AII
ACES (Lisinopril) block the ______ of AII - Answer- ✔✔action
formation
