PLTW HBS FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2025 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS/ COMPLETE SOLUTIONS WITH RATIONALES |GET IT 100% ACCURATE!!

PLTW HBS FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2025 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS/ COMPLETE SOLUTIONS WITH RATIONALES |GET IT 100% ACCURATE!! A basin-shaped structure in the skeleton of many vertebrate that is formed by the pelvic girdle together with the sacrum and often various coccygeal and caudal vertebrae and that in humans is composed of the 2 hip bones bounding it on each side and in front while the sacrum and coccyx complete it behind? - RIGHT ANSWER -Pelvis A bone break that pierces or ruptures the skin? - RIGHT ANSWER -Compound Fracture A defect of the optical system (as a lens) causing rays from a point to fail to meet in a focal point resulting in a blurred and imperfect image? - RIGHT ANSWER -Astigmatism A disease characterized by hardening of the arterial walls is - RIGHT ANSWER -Atherosclerosis A gland secretes a substance into the small intestine through the duct. This gland is considered a (an) - RIGHT ANSWER -Endocrine Gland A group of subcortical structures (as the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, and the amygdala) of the brain that are concerned especially with emotion and motivation? - RIGHT ANSWER -Limbic System A nerve fiber that carries impulses towards the cell body? - RIGHT ANSWER -Neuron (Dendrites) A patella reflex goes along which reflex arc? - RIGHT ANSWER -Monosynaptic A person you know has been in an automobile accident. After the accident, you notice a dramatic change in his ability to see. What area of the brain is most likely affected? - RIGHT ANSWER -Occipital Lobe A restriction enzyme is... - RIGHT ANSWER -A protein that recognizes a specific, short nucleotide sequence & cuts DNA only at that specific site (target sequence) ALS (Lou Gerig's disease) causes motor neurons to die. What symptoms would you expect to see from a person with this disorder? - RIGHT ANSWER -Difficulty walking Muscle cramps & twitching Muscle weakness Biometrics is a field of science that - RIGHT ANSWER -Uses physical and behavioral characteristics to determine identity Biometrics is? - RIGHT ANSWER -Science & technology of measuring & statistically analyzing biological data Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the - RIGHT ANSWER -Left atrium Differences in DNA sequences on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of restriction fragment lengths (DNA segments resulting from treatment with restrictioned enzymes)? - RIGHT ANSWER -Restriction Fragment Lengths Polymorphisms (RFLP's) DNA is__________and will move through the gel toward the _______end of the electrophoresis chamber - RIGHT ANSWER -The molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses Positive Either of the pair of sensory nerves that compromise the 2nd pair of cranial nerves, arise from the ventral part of the diencephalon, form an optic chiasma before passing to the eye and spreading over the anterior surface of the retina, and conduct visual stimuli to the brain? - RIGHT ANSWER -Optic Nerve Functional unit of a muscle is the - RIGHT ANSWER -Motor Nerve Functional unit of the kidney is the? - RIGHT ANSWER -Nephron How many floating ribs does the body have in total? - RIGHT ANSWER -4 floating ribs If a doctor told a patient that their appendicular bones are weak, which of the following bones might the doctor be referring to? - RIGHT ANSWER -Pelvic Girdle If a person has an autoimmune disease that causes demylination of neurons, what condition do they have? - RIGHT ANSWER -Multiple Sclerosis If a person suffers from hyponatremia (low levels of blood ions), how could this affect the functioning of neurons? - RIGHT ANSWER -Action potentials would not take place If the cerebellum experiences a large blow from a blunt object, what would probably happen? - RIGHT ANSWER -Uncoordinated body movements If the myelin sheaths of the neurons are destroyed, what best describes what would happen? - RIGHT ANSWER -The nervous impulse wouldn't travel as quickly If you have a pinched nerve which health care provider(s) could help? - RIGHT ANSWER -Chiropractors Inferior lobe of the cerebrum; specific activities include hearing and short term memory - RIGHT ANSWER -Temporal Lobe Injury to this area of the brain will result in loss of consciousness, a decrease in the ability to problem solve and a loss of self awareness - RIGHT ANSWER -Frontal Lobe Location on the body where routine blood is drawn from the body? - RIGHT ANSWER -Veins in the arm Longest bone of the upper arm or forelimb extending from the shoulder to the elbow - RIGHT ANSWER -Humerus Most movable joints in the body are - RIGHT ANSWER -Synovial joints (Diarthrosis) Most of the absorption of food molecules takes place here - RIGHT ANSWER -Small Intestine Part of the lung where oxygen diffusion into the blood takes place? - RIGHT ANSWER -Alveoli Rigor mortis occurs because - RIGHT ANSWER -The joints of the body stiffen and become locked in place Say a person eats a doughnut with extra sprinkles. What hormone would be released to promote cells to take in this extra energy for storage? - RIGHT ANSWER -Insulin Secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine, also secretes hormones into blood circulation. - RIGHT ANSWER -Pancreas Seizures and abnormal brain electric discharges are linked with what neurological condition? - RIGHT ANSWER -Epilepsy Situated at or toward the hind part of the body - RIGHT ANSWER -Dorsal The 4 main groups of tissues are? - RIGHT ANSWER -Connective Epithelial Muscular Nervous The adrenal glands are superior and proximal to the kidneys. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The axillary region is superior to the buccal region. - RIGHT ANSWER -False The calcaneal region is proximal to the fibia. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The cavity in mammals that holds the lungs and heart - RIGHT ANSWER -Thoracic Cavity The cell responsible for forming new bone is - RIGHT ANSWER -Osteoblast The endocrine system is able to maintain homeostasis by using.. - RIGHT ANSWER -Feedback Loops The endocrine system regulates hormones. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The epidermis is responsible for the protection against invading bacteria and other foreign object, it is composed mainly of (type of tissue) - RIGHT ANSWER -Stratified Squamous Epithelium The face, chest, & knee cap are interior on the body. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The field of forensic anthropology would include analyzing skeletal remains to determine any of the following except - RIGHT ANSWER -Cause of death The horizontal plane that divides the body into a top half and bottom half? - RIGHT ANSWER -Transverse Plane The hypothalamus is distal to the thyroid. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The largest artery in the body is the - RIGHT ANSWER -Aorta The liver is superior to the pancreas. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The liver stores glucose in the form of glycogen. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The lumbar vertebrae are superior to the cervical vertebrae. - RIGHT ANSWER -False The molecule that releases free energy to be used for reactions in the body - RIGHT ANSWER -Adenosine Triphosphate The olecral region is distal to the antecubital region. - RIGHT ANSWER -False The orbicularis oculi - RIGHT ANSWER -Allows blinking and squinting The pancreas is in the thoracic cavity. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The parietal bone is superior to the thoracic cavity. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The patellar region is on the posterior of the lower body. - RIGHT ANSWER -False The pituitary gland is superficial in the cerebrum. - RIGHT ANSWER -False The pupil is medial to the iris. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The ribs all emerge from the - RIGHT ANSWER -Thoracic Vertebrae The sternal region is medial to the scapular region. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The study of living organisms is - RIGHT ANSWER -Biology The tarsal is proximal to the maxilla. - RIGHT ANSWER -False The temporal lobe is anterior to the occipital lobe. - RIGHT ANSWER -True The temporal lobe is responsible for interpreting visual messages from the eyes. - RIGHT ANSWER -False The thyroid is posterior to the trachea. - RIGHT ANSWER -False Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out without conscious effort. Therefore residual volume is the? - RIGHT ANSWER -The volume of air remaining in lungs after maximum exhalation Urinary bladder is composed of? - RIGHT ANSWER -Transitional Epithelium Urine passes through the? - RIGHT ANSWER -Pelvis of the kidney to the Ureters to the Bladder to the Urethra What best describes tissue? - RIGHT ANSWER -A group of cells working together to perform a specific function What blood type is called the universal donor? - RIGHT ANSWER -Type O What enzyme(s) help break down starch? - RIGHT ANSWER -Amylase What gland is responsible for blood sugar regulation? - RIGHT ANSWER -Thyroid (T3 & T4) What is produced by the melanocyte that gives skin its color? - RIGHT ANSWER -Melanin What is the first threat to life from a massive 3rd degree burn? - RIGHT ANSWER -Catastrophic fluid loss What is the name of the hormone that stimulates reabsorption of water from the kidneys? - RIGHT ANSWER -Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH) What statement best describes arteries? - RIGHT ANSWER -Arteries carry blood away from the heart What would help increase your Basal Metabolic rate (BMR)? - RIGHT ANSWER -Exercise at least 30 minutes a day Eat small frequent meals throughout the day When walking on your toes, your foot is in - RIGHT ANSWER - When you inhale, the diaphragm? - RIGHT ANSWER -Contracts and moves inferiorly Which biometric technique would be most reliable to use? - RIGHT ANSWER -DNA sequence Which hormone is released after eating a candy bar to reduce blood sugar levels? - RIGHT ANSWER -Insulin Which membrane protein is responsible for restoring the original concentration of ions during the action potential? - RIGHT ANSWER -Na/K pump Which muscle attached to the hair follicles cause goose bumps? - RIGHT ANSWER -Arrector Pili Which muscle type is not striated? - RIGHT ANSWER -Smooth Muscle Which of the following bone features would be used to collect data for determining height? - RIGHT ANSWER -Femur length or Humerus length Which portion of the neuron contains neurotransmitters receptor proteins? - RIGHT ANSWER -Dendrites Which protein hormone is produced by the pancreas to promote the increase in the sugar content of the blood by breaking down glycogen in the liver? - RIGHT ANSWER -Glucagon You are looking at a prepared slide with a microscope and see striations. What tissue are you looking at? - RIGHT ANSWER -Muscle You get very angry and want to fight a friend. What portion of your brain is controlling your emotions? - RIGHT ANSWER -Amygdala