NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology week
7 quiz
fracture - answer A break in the continuity of a bone-occurs when force is applied that
exceeds the tensile or compressive strength of the bone
complete fracture - answer Integrity of the bone broken into two pieces
incomplete fracture - answer Bone damaged but in one piece
open fracture - answer Aka compound fracture-concurrent break in the skin in area of
the fracture
Closed fracture - answer AKA simple fracture-no break in surrounding skin
linear fracture - answer the fracture is parallel to the long axis of the bone
oblique fracture - answer Slanted fracture of the shaft of the bone
spiral fracture - answer ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied
to a bone
transverse fracture - answeroccurs straight across the bone
comminuted fracture - answerbone breaks into many fragments
types of incomplete fractures - answergreenstick, torus, bowing
greenstick fracture - answerOuter surface of bone disrupted but inner surface remains
intact
Typical sites of greenstick fractures - answerMetaphysis or diaphysis of the tibia, radius,
and ulna
Torus fracture - answercortex buckles but does not break-relatively stable fracture
bowing fracture - answerLongitudinal force applied to a bone-common in children
usually involving the paired radius-ulna or fibula-tibia
Complete diaphyseal fracture - answerOccurs in one bone of the pair which dispersed
the stress sufficiently to prevent a complete fracture of the second bone which bows
, fragility fracture - answerfracture that results from a low level trauma (one that would not
normally cause a fracture)-often seen as sequels of osteoporosis
impacted fracture - answerfracture in which one bone fragment is pushed into another
pathologic fracture - answerfracture caused by diseased or weakened bone
avulsion fracture - answerFragment of bone connected to a ligament breaks off from the
main bone
compression fracture - answerFracture is wedged or squeezed together on one side of
bone
displaced fracture - answerFracture with one, both, or all fragments out of normal
alignment
extracapsular fracture - answerFragment is close to the joint but remains outside the
joint capsule
Intracapsular fracture - answerFragment extends into it is within the joint capsule
stress fracture - answera small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic,
excessive impact
Transchondral fracture - answerFragmentation and separation of the articular cartilage
covering the end of a bone
Fatigue fracture - answerAbnormal stress or torque applied to bones that have the
normal ability to deform and recover (joggers, dancers)
insufficiency fracture - answerOccur in bones lacking normal ability to deform and
recover (normal weight bearing or activity fractures the bone)- includes fragility fractures
of osteoporosis and osteomalacia
Typical sites of transchondral fracture - answerDistal femur, ankle, kneecap, elbow,
wrist
Transchondral fracture most prevalent in - answerAdolescents
Osteoporosis - answerPorous bone- low bone mineral density, impaired structural
integrity of the bone, decreased bone strength, risk of fracture
Most common bone disease in humans - answerosteoporosis
Those with lowest BMD at most risk for - answerFracture
7 quiz
fracture - answer A break in the continuity of a bone-occurs when force is applied that
exceeds the tensile or compressive strength of the bone
complete fracture - answer Integrity of the bone broken into two pieces
incomplete fracture - answer Bone damaged but in one piece
open fracture - answer Aka compound fracture-concurrent break in the skin in area of
the fracture
Closed fracture - answer AKA simple fracture-no break in surrounding skin
linear fracture - answer the fracture is parallel to the long axis of the bone
oblique fracture - answer Slanted fracture of the shaft of the bone
spiral fracture - answer ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied
to a bone
transverse fracture - answeroccurs straight across the bone
comminuted fracture - answerbone breaks into many fragments
types of incomplete fractures - answergreenstick, torus, bowing
greenstick fracture - answerOuter surface of bone disrupted but inner surface remains
intact
Typical sites of greenstick fractures - answerMetaphysis or diaphysis of the tibia, radius,
and ulna
Torus fracture - answercortex buckles but does not break-relatively stable fracture
bowing fracture - answerLongitudinal force applied to a bone-common in children
usually involving the paired radius-ulna or fibula-tibia
Complete diaphyseal fracture - answerOccurs in one bone of the pair which dispersed
the stress sufficiently to prevent a complete fracture of the second bone which bows
, fragility fracture - answerfracture that results from a low level trauma (one that would not
normally cause a fracture)-often seen as sequels of osteoporosis
impacted fracture - answerfracture in which one bone fragment is pushed into another
pathologic fracture - answerfracture caused by diseased or weakened bone
avulsion fracture - answerFragment of bone connected to a ligament breaks off from the
main bone
compression fracture - answerFracture is wedged or squeezed together on one side of
bone
displaced fracture - answerFracture with one, both, or all fragments out of normal
alignment
extracapsular fracture - answerFragment is close to the joint but remains outside the
joint capsule
Intracapsular fracture - answerFragment extends into it is within the joint capsule
stress fracture - answera small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic,
excessive impact
Transchondral fracture - answerFragmentation and separation of the articular cartilage
covering the end of a bone
Fatigue fracture - answerAbnormal stress or torque applied to bones that have the
normal ability to deform and recover (joggers, dancers)
insufficiency fracture - answerOccur in bones lacking normal ability to deform and
recover (normal weight bearing or activity fractures the bone)- includes fragility fractures
of osteoporosis and osteomalacia
Typical sites of transchondral fracture - answerDistal femur, ankle, kneecap, elbow,
wrist
Transchondral fracture most prevalent in - answerAdolescents
Osteoporosis - answerPorous bone- low bone mineral density, impaired structural
integrity of the bone, decreased bone strength, risk of fracture
Most common bone disease in humans - answerosteoporosis
Those with lowest BMD at most risk for - answerFracture
