Unit 2 BI 108 Notes

that Harvest Chemical Energy
ways
Metabolic Pathways Intro
metabolictransform and stored chemical bonds
pathways release energy in
·




·




Principles of metabolic
pathways
:




O complex transformations occur in a series of separate reactions
② each reaction is
catalyzed by
on enzyme
③ metabolic similar in all
many pathways are
organisms
④ in
eukaryotes ,
metabolic
pathways are
compartmentalized in
specific organelles
⑤ each inhibited activated to alter the rate of the
enzymes in
pathway can be or

pathway ATP Structure
·

catabolic-breaks down
anabolic-builds
up
-Hadenosine
·




hydrolysis of ATP
yields free energy
·




i 9
o-p


aparib
o-p
6 b
a
&
triphosphate

ADP Structure

-Hadenosine
another mechanism of redox reactions
energy transfer
:




↳ Redox reactions one substance transfers
:
electrons
to mother substance
↳
reduction-gaining electrons I
↑ a



pop-ros
↳ oxidation
losing electrons b
-




↳
↓
a
Coenzyme NAD key electron carrier u
+
is a


in redox reactions

, Cellular Respiration
·


Goltiz0o + 602 -GCO2 GH20 + +

energy
↳
complete oxidization of glucose
↳ cellular
respiration-metabolic pathway to slowly release from carbon bonds with
energy ,


and
goal of generating ATP
bredox reactions-reduced electron carriers capture and transfer energy
·

aerobic with O2 =




·
anaerobic= without 02
·




Aerobic Processes
Glycolisis (Step 1)
·




10 reactions
-




takes place in
cytosol
-




converts one
glucose to
a
pyruvate
-




produces 4 ATP and 2 NADH
↳

b
steps I-S require ATP (energy investing

steps 6-10 yield NADH and ATP (energy harvesting p
Energy Investing Steps :




aphosp a
UseZE nate
z



h
breakingon
:


result a pyruvate
: