500 MPRE Practice Questions & Answers A+ Solution Guide: Summer 2025
1. Conglomerate Corporation owns a little more than half the stock of Giant Company.
Conglomerate's stock, in turn, is public, available on the public stock exchange, as is the
remainder of the stock in Giant Company. The president of Conglomerate Corporation has asked
Attorney Stevenson to represent Giant Company in a deal by which Giant would make a
proposed transfer of certain real property to Conglomerate Corporation. The property in question
is unusual because it contains an underground particle collider used for scientific research, but
also valuable farmland on the surface, as well as some valuable mineral rights in another part of
the parcel. These factors make the property value difficult to assess by reference to the general
real-estate market, which means it is difficult for anyone to determine the fairness of the transfer
price in the proposed deal. Would it be proper for Attorney Stevenson to facilitate - (answers)d)
No, not unless the attorney first obtains effective informed consent of the management of Giant
Company, as well as that of Conglomerate, because the ownership of Conglomerate and Giant is
not identical, and their interests materially differ in the proposed transaction.
RESTATEMENT § 131
2. Mr. Burns, the chief executive officer of Conglomerate Corporation, now faces criminal
charges of discussing prices with the president of a competing firm. If found guilty, both Mr.
Burns and Conglomerate Corporation will be subject to civil and criminal penalties under state
眼睛”主题的中文文章？
and federal antitrust laws. An attorney has been representing Conglomerate Corporation. She has
conducted a thorough investigation of the matter, and she has personally concluded that no such
pricing discussions occurred. Both Conglomerate Corporation and Mr. Burns plan to defend on
that ground. Mr. Burns has asked the attorney to represent him, as well as Conglomerate
Corporation, in the proceedings. The legal and factual defenses of Conglomerate Corporation
and Mr. Burns seem completely consistent at the outset of the matter. Would the attorney need to
obtain informed consent to a conflict of interest from both Mr. Burns and a separate corp -
(answers)a) Yes, the likelihood of conflicting positions
in such matters as plea bargaining requires the attorney to obtain the informed consent of both
clients before proceeding with the representation.
RESTATEMENT § 131
3. An attorney decides to purchase "litigation cost protection" insurance for matters she handles
on a contingency fee basis. Plaintiffs' lawyers can buy this type of insurance on a case-by-case
basis, for a one-time premium payment. The insurance is available for purchase up to three
months after the filing of the initial complaint. Note that this policy is separate and distinct from
,malpractice liability insurance. The purpose of this type of insurance is to reimburse the attorney
for litigation costs advanced by the attorney - only in the event of a trial loss. Do the Model
Rules of Professional Conduct prohibit the attorney from purchasing litigation cost protection
insurance for her contingency fee cases?
a) Yes, because the client and the attorney may have different cost-benefit calculations.
b) Yes, for an attorney may prefer that his
client accept a low settlement offer to ensure that the attorney receives - (answers)d) No, the
attorney may purchase litigation cost protection insurance so long as she does not allow the
terms of the coverage to adversely affect her independent professional judgment, the client-
lawyer relationship, or the client's continuing best interests.
N.C Formal Ethics Op. 2018-6
4. An attorney purchased "litigation cost protection" insurance at the outset of representing a
plaintiff in a personal injury case. When the attorney recovered funds for the client through a
settlement or favorable trial verdict, the attorney proposed to receive reimbursement for the
眼睛”主题的中文文章？
insurance premium from the judgment or settlement funds. The attorney disclosed the cost of the
insurance to the client as part of the representation agreement. Was it proper for the attorney to
include in a client's fee agreement a provision allowing the attorney's purchase of litigation cost
protection insurance and requiring reimbursement of the insurance premium from the client's
funds in the event of a settlement or favorable trial verdict?
a) Yes, because the Model Rules do not purport to regulate insurance for lawyers, which is a
matter of state statute.
b) Yes, if the amount charged to the client is fair and reasonable, and t - (answers)b) Yes, if the
amount charged to the client is fair and reasonable, and the lawyer fully explains to the client
what litigation cost protection insurance is, why the lawyer believes a litigation cost protection
policy will serve the client's best interests, that the client should get the advice of independent
legal counsel regarding the arrangement, that other lawyers may advance the client's costs
,without charging the client the cost of a litigation cost protection policy; and the client gives
informed consent in writing, while the lawyer maintains independent professional judgment.
N.C Formal Ethics Op. 2018-6
5. Mr. Burns, the chief executive officer of Conglomerate Corporation, now faces criminal
charges of discussing prices with the president of a competing firm. If found guilty, both Mr.
Burns and Conglomerate Corporation will be subject to civil and criminal penalties under state
and federal antitrust laws. An attorney has been representing Conglomerate Corporation. She has
conducted a thorough investigation of the matter, and she has personally concluded that such
pricing discussions did in fact occur. Both Mr. Burns and Conglomerate Corporation have
stopped their denials, and they now concede that the pricing discussions took place. One of Mr.
Burns' defenses will be that the former general counsel of Conglomerate Corporation had
advised Mr. Burns that a discussion of general pricing practices with a competitor would not be
illegal. In contrast, Conglomerate Corporation denies that this was the legal advice given, a -
(answers)d) No, the conflicting positions between Conglomerate and Mr. Burns are so great that
the same lawyer cannot provide adequate legal representation to both, so consent to the conflict
is ineffective.
N.C Formal Ethics Op. 2018-6
眼睛”主题的中文文章？
6. Big Firm represents hundreds of corporate clients out of a dozen offices in different states. The
firm has no formal procedures in place to check for conflicts at the outset of representation for
new clients, but the managing partner of the firm has an incredible memory and has never failed
to spot a potential conflict of interest in the past. An attorney agrees to represent a new corporate
client that owns many subsidiaries, and checks with the managing partner, who assured Attorney
there are no potential conflicts. After the new corporate client had disclosed a substantial amount
of confidential information, it emerged that some of its subsidiaries were directly adverse to
other clients of Big Firm. The attorney was completely unaware of the potential conflicts at the
time he agreed to the representation, despite asking the corporate client a few questions about the
opposing parties in pending litigation it migh - (answers)a) Yes, because ignorance caused by a
failure to institute reasonable procedures, appropriate for the size and type of firm and practice,
will not excuse a lawyer's violation of the Rules regarding conflicts of interest.
7. An attorney sued Giant Company on behalf of a client in a personal injury matter. During the
protracted litigation that ensued, Conglomerate bought Giant Company. The attorney was already
representing Conglomerate in a regulatory compliance matter before a federal administrative
agency. Assuming this development was unforeseeable at the outset of representing the client
, against Giant Company, will the attorney have the option to withdraw from one of the
representations to avoid the conflict?
a) Yes, because one matter is in state court and the other matter is a completely unrelated federal
administrative proceeding.
b) Yes, but the attorney must seek court approval where necessary and take steps to minimize
harm to the clients, and he must continue to protect the confidences of the client from whose
representation the lawyer has withdrawn.
c) No, if a conflict arises after representation is underway, the lawye - (answers)b) Yes, but the
attorney must seek court approval where necessary and take steps to minimize harm to the
clients, and he must continue to protect the confidences of the client from whose representation
the lawyer has withdrawn.
8. A husband and wife decide to divorce and reach an agreement to share the same lawyer in
hopes of saving money. They hire an attorney to represent each of them in Family Court for the
dissolution of marriage. The attorney explains that there is an obvious conflict of interest here,
眼睛”主题的中文文章？
but the husband and wife insist, and sign informed consent forms waiving the conflict and their
rights to assert any future claims related to the conflict. The husband and wife have no children,
and they have always kept separate bank accounts. Each purchased their own car from the money
in their own bank account and each car's title is in only one name. They live in an apartment
whose lease is expiring soon, so there is no real property to divide. Would it be proper for the
attorney to represent both in the divorce?
a) Yes, because it appears on these facts that
there will be no assets in dispute at all, so the theoretical conflict of - (answers)d) No, because
the representation involves the assertion of a claim by one client against another client
represented by the lawyer in the same litigation or other proceeding before a tribunal.
9. Three individuals plan to form a joint venture and ask an attorney to represent them in drafting
the necessary documents and making the necessary filings with government agencies. They have
already agreed that everyone will contribute exactly one-third of the startup funds for the
1. Conglomerate Corporation owns a little more than half the stock of Giant Company.
Conglomerate's stock, in turn, is public, available on the public stock exchange, as is the
remainder of the stock in Giant Company. The president of Conglomerate Corporation has asked
Attorney Stevenson to represent Giant Company in a deal by which Giant would make a
proposed transfer of certain real property to Conglomerate Corporation. The property in question
is unusual because it contains an underground particle collider used for scientific research, but
also valuable farmland on the surface, as well as some valuable mineral rights in another part of
the parcel. These factors make the property value difficult to assess by reference to the general
real-estate market, which means it is difficult for anyone to determine the fairness of the transfer
price in the proposed deal. Would it be proper for Attorney Stevenson to facilitate - (answers)d)
No, not unless the attorney first obtains effective informed consent of the management of Giant
Company, as well as that of Conglomerate, because the ownership of Conglomerate and Giant is
not identical, and their interests materially differ in the proposed transaction.
RESTATEMENT § 131
2. Mr. Burns, the chief executive officer of Conglomerate Corporation, now faces criminal
charges of discussing prices with the president of a competing firm. If found guilty, both Mr.
Burns and Conglomerate Corporation will be subject to civil and criminal penalties under state
眼睛”主题的中文文章？
and federal antitrust laws. An attorney has been representing Conglomerate Corporation. She has
conducted a thorough investigation of the matter, and she has personally concluded that no such
pricing discussions occurred. Both Conglomerate Corporation and Mr. Burns plan to defend on
that ground. Mr. Burns has asked the attorney to represent him, as well as Conglomerate
Corporation, in the proceedings. The legal and factual defenses of Conglomerate Corporation
and Mr. Burns seem completely consistent at the outset of the matter. Would the attorney need to
obtain informed consent to a conflict of interest from both Mr. Burns and a separate corp -
(answers)a) Yes, the likelihood of conflicting positions
in such matters as plea bargaining requires the attorney to obtain the informed consent of both
clients before proceeding with the representation.
RESTATEMENT § 131
3. An attorney decides to purchase "litigation cost protection" insurance for matters she handles
on a contingency fee basis. Plaintiffs' lawyers can buy this type of insurance on a case-by-case
basis, for a one-time premium payment. The insurance is available for purchase up to three
months after the filing of the initial complaint. Note that this policy is separate and distinct from
,malpractice liability insurance. The purpose of this type of insurance is to reimburse the attorney
for litigation costs advanced by the attorney - only in the event of a trial loss. Do the Model
Rules of Professional Conduct prohibit the attorney from purchasing litigation cost protection
insurance for her contingency fee cases?
a) Yes, because the client and the attorney may have different cost-benefit calculations.
b) Yes, for an attorney may prefer that his
client accept a low settlement offer to ensure that the attorney receives - (answers)d) No, the
attorney may purchase litigation cost protection insurance so long as she does not allow the
terms of the coverage to adversely affect her independent professional judgment, the client-
lawyer relationship, or the client's continuing best interests.
N.C Formal Ethics Op. 2018-6
4. An attorney purchased "litigation cost protection" insurance at the outset of representing a
plaintiff in a personal injury case. When the attorney recovered funds for the client through a
settlement or favorable trial verdict, the attorney proposed to receive reimbursement for the
眼睛”主题的中文文章？
insurance premium from the judgment or settlement funds. The attorney disclosed the cost of the
insurance to the client as part of the representation agreement. Was it proper for the attorney to
include in a client's fee agreement a provision allowing the attorney's purchase of litigation cost
protection insurance and requiring reimbursement of the insurance premium from the client's
funds in the event of a settlement or favorable trial verdict?
a) Yes, because the Model Rules do not purport to regulate insurance for lawyers, which is a
matter of state statute.
b) Yes, if the amount charged to the client is fair and reasonable, and t - (answers)b) Yes, if the
amount charged to the client is fair and reasonable, and the lawyer fully explains to the client
what litigation cost protection insurance is, why the lawyer believes a litigation cost protection
policy will serve the client's best interests, that the client should get the advice of independent
legal counsel regarding the arrangement, that other lawyers may advance the client's costs
,without charging the client the cost of a litigation cost protection policy; and the client gives
informed consent in writing, while the lawyer maintains independent professional judgment.
N.C Formal Ethics Op. 2018-6
5. Mr. Burns, the chief executive officer of Conglomerate Corporation, now faces criminal
charges of discussing prices with the president of a competing firm. If found guilty, both Mr.
Burns and Conglomerate Corporation will be subject to civil and criminal penalties under state
and federal antitrust laws. An attorney has been representing Conglomerate Corporation. She has
conducted a thorough investigation of the matter, and she has personally concluded that such
pricing discussions did in fact occur. Both Mr. Burns and Conglomerate Corporation have
stopped their denials, and they now concede that the pricing discussions took place. One of Mr.
Burns' defenses will be that the former general counsel of Conglomerate Corporation had
advised Mr. Burns that a discussion of general pricing practices with a competitor would not be
illegal. In contrast, Conglomerate Corporation denies that this was the legal advice given, a -
(answers)d) No, the conflicting positions between Conglomerate and Mr. Burns are so great that
the same lawyer cannot provide adequate legal representation to both, so consent to the conflict
is ineffective.
N.C Formal Ethics Op. 2018-6
眼睛”主题的中文文章？
6. Big Firm represents hundreds of corporate clients out of a dozen offices in different states. The
firm has no formal procedures in place to check for conflicts at the outset of representation for
new clients, but the managing partner of the firm has an incredible memory and has never failed
to spot a potential conflict of interest in the past. An attorney agrees to represent a new corporate
client that owns many subsidiaries, and checks with the managing partner, who assured Attorney
there are no potential conflicts. After the new corporate client had disclosed a substantial amount
of confidential information, it emerged that some of its subsidiaries were directly adverse to
other clients of Big Firm. The attorney was completely unaware of the potential conflicts at the
time he agreed to the representation, despite asking the corporate client a few questions about the
opposing parties in pending litigation it migh - (answers)a) Yes, because ignorance caused by a
failure to institute reasonable procedures, appropriate for the size and type of firm and practice,
will not excuse a lawyer's violation of the Rules regarding conflicts of interest.
7. An attorney sued Giant Company on behalf of a client in a personal injury matter. During the
protracted litigation that ensued, Conglomerate bought Giant Company. The attorney was already
representing Conglomerate in a regulatory compliance matter before a federal administrative
agency. Assuming this development was unforeseeable at the outset of representing the client
, against Giant Company, will the attorney have the option to withdraw from one of the
representations to avoid the conflict?
a) Yes, because one matter is in state court and the other matter is a completely unrelated federal
administrative proceeding.
b) Yes, but the attorney must seek court approval where necessary and take steps to minimize
harm to the clients, and he must continue to protect the confidences of the client from whose
representation the lawyer has withdrawn.
c) No, if a conflict arises after representation is underway, the lawye - (answers)b) Yes, but the
attorney must seek court approval where necessary and take steps to minimize harm to the
clients, and he must continue to protect the confidences of the client from whose representation
the lawyer has withdrawn.
8. A husband and wife decide to divorce and reach an agreement to share the same lawyer in
hopes of saving money. They hire an attorney to represent each of them in Family Court for the
dissolution of marriage. The attorney explains that there is an obvious conflict of interest here,
眼睛”主题的中文文章？
but the husband and wife insist, and sign informed consent forms waiving the conflict and their
rights to assert any future claims related to the conflict. The husband and wife have no children,
and they have always kept separate bank accounts. Each purchased their own car from the money
in their own bank account and each car's title is in only one name. They live in an apartment
whose lease is expiring soon, so there is no real property to divide. Would it be proper for the
attorney to represent both in the divorce?
a) Yes, because it appears on these facts that
there will be no assets in dispute at all, so the theoretical conflict of - (answers)d) No, because
the representation involves the assertion of a claim by one client against another client
represented by the lawyer in the same litigation or other proceeding before a tribunal.
9. Three individuals plan to form a joint venture and ask an attorney to represent them in drafting
the necessary documents and making the necessary filings with government agencies. They have
already agreed that everyone will contribute exactly one-third of the startup funds for the
