Management Exam #1 Study Guide | 2025
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Two facts that hold true in the history of alcoholic beverages
-We do not know where the true beginning is
-They are very closely aligned with religion
Who held power around alcohol in the 18th century?
-Churches
Federal issue involving the Revolutionary war in the 18th century
-The government was trying to figure out how to pay back war debt
-The solution was to tax liquor and spirits
How did citizens feel about the taxation of liquor and spirits in the 18th century?
-They were not happy
-They had just declared independence from the British Empire because of heavy taxation
How did small distillers react to the taxation of liquor and spirits?
-They continued making whiskey and did not pay the tax
-They needed the money to feed and clothe their families
-They would fire upon tax revenuers when they came to collect
How did citizens eventually fight the taxation of liquor and spirits in the 18th century?
,-The Whiskey Rebellion!
-Took place in Pittsburg in 1794
How did ordinaries advance in the 19th century?
-Ordinaries grew from just a few rooms in someone's house to a small hotel with a dining room and
bar
What beverage started to become more popular and the end of the 19th century?
-Beer
-Surpassed liquor sales in saloons by the 1890s
-Competition arose as more breweries and distilleries were being built
How did breweries expand their market share in the 19th century?
-Started using circuitous methods
-Encouraged taverns to stock their brand
What did the 18th amendment prohibit around alcohol in the 20th century?
-The manufacture, transportation, and sale of intoxicating liquor
-It was not very enforceable because it did not define an alcoholic beverage
Volstead Act of 1919
-Defined an intoxicating beverage as anything containing more than one-half percent of alcohol
Alcohol Prohibition
-The law of the land
, -People who wanted to drink were going to drink and nothing could stop them
How did states begin to regulate alcohol after giving up on prohibition?
-States began regulating the distribution of alcohol instead of controlling all of it themselves
Speakeasies
-Underground taverns where customers needed to know the hidden location and somebody there to
get in
Paleolithic Era
-About 40,000 years ago
-Believed that by then people were drinking alcoholic beverages on purpose
What four places was fermentation known early on?
-Chine
-Middle East
-Northern Africa
-North America
Mead
-The earliest fermented beverage
-It practically makes itself by naturally attracting yeast to a mixture of water and honey
-Associated with religious ritual
Early wine making