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FCCN Level 1 Exam Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
Minimum urine output for adult - Answer✔0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Answer✔- water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway - Answer✔- hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and increased serum
osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - Answer✔- cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure - Answer✔- forces fluids and solutes through the capillary wall and into
the tissue spaces
colloid osmotic pressure - Answer✔- pulling force of albumin in the intravascular spaces
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- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy - Answer✔- replaces normal ongoing losses of water and electrolytes
(urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
replacement therapy - Answer✔- corrects any existing water and or electrolyte deficits
isotonic fluids - Answer✔- tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids - Answer✔- lower concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid - Answer✔- higher concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
colloids - Answer✔- pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the circulation
blood - Answer✔- not a risk free fluid replacement
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- this is liquid transplant
third spacing - Answer✔- fluid is not lost from the body but the fluid is not available for use in
the intracellular or extracellular compartments (fluid is in between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs more fluid
-
can you give platelets through the ranger - Answer✔- no it will aggreggate the platelets
hyponatremia - Answer✔- less than 135 -145
- weakness
- abdominal cramping/leg cramps
- dizzy
- change in LOC
- seizures
different ways to treat hyponatremia - Answer✔- hypovolemic (give IV fluid)
- euvolemic (fluid restriction)
- hypervolemic (diuretic)
severe hyponatremia - Answer✔- EMERGENCY
- below 115
- give hypertonic saline if patient is symptomatic
- in ICU setting
*infused slowly in small amounts....be prepared to handle seizures*
hypokalemia ECG changes - Answer✔- prolonged QT
- ST depression
3|Page
FCCN Level 1 Exam Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
Minimum urine output for adult - Answer✔0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Answer✔- water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway - Answer✔- hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and increased serum
osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - Answer✔- cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure - Answer✔- forces fluids and solutes through the capillary wall and into
the tissue spaces
colloid osmotic pressure - Answer✔- pulling force of albumin in the intravascular spaces
1|Page
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:27PM. A+
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy - Answer✔- replaces normal ongoing losses of water and electrolytes
(urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
replacement therapy - Answer✔- corrects any existing water and or electrolyte deficits
isotonic fluids - Answer✔- tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids - Answer✔- lower concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid - Answer✔- higher concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
colloids - Answer✔- pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the circulation
blood - Answer✔- not a risk free fluid replacement
2|Page
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:27PM. A+
- this is liquid transplant
third spacing - Answer✔- fluid is not lost from the body but the fluid is not available for use in
the intracellular or extracellular compartments (fluid is in between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs more fluid
-
can you give platelets through the ranger - Answer✔- no it will aggreggate the platelets
hyponatremia - Answer✔- less than 135 -145
- weakness
- abdominal cramping/leg cramps
- dizzy
- change in LOC
- seizures
different ways to treat hyponatremia - Answer✔- hypovolemic (give IV fluid)
- euvolemic (fluid restriction)
- hypervolemic (diuretic)
severe hyponatremia - Answer✔- EMERGENCY
- below 115
- give hypertonic saline if patient is symptomatic
- in ICU setting
*infused slowly in small amounts....be prepared to handle seizures*
hypokalemia ECG changes - Answer✔- prolonged QT
- ST depression
3|Page
