NUSCTX 10, Midterm 1 - UC Berkeley
Exam Questions And Answers
A
R
U
LA
C
O
D
,Anabolism - ANS Uses energy to construct components of cells.
Catabolism - ANS Breaks down organic matter, for example, to harvest energy.
Nutrient Density - ANS A measure of the nutrient a food provides compared to its energy
A
content.
Trace Minerals - ANS Needed only in tiny amounts.
R
These minerals participate in most chemical reactions in the body.
These include iron, zinc, iodine, copper, manganese.
U
Protein Complementation - ANS The act of consuming a variety of plant products to
provide all the necessary protein components.
LA
Essential Fatty Acids - ANS Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids.
May reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Obtained from canola oil, flaxseed oil, cold-water fish, or fish oil.
C
Metabolism - ANS The set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of
living organisms.
O
Mitochondrial Matrix - ANS The compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner
membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the citric acid cycle.
D
Respiration - ANS Is needed to produce a hydrogen (electron-proton) gradient.
Falsifiability - ANS Capable of being tested by experiment or observation.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS A system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm
and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of
lipids.
Lipid metabolism occurs in Smooth ER
, Protein synthesis occurs in Rough ER
Lysosome - ANS A small, round cell structure containing chemicals that break down large
food particles into smaller ones.
Enzyme - ANS Biological catalysts that work by lowering the activation energy for a
reaction, thus dramatically increasing the rate of the reaction.
Oxidation - ANS A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when
iron oxidizes, forming rust
A
Entropy - ANS A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness.
Breaking down.
R
Villi - ANS Fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for
absorption.
U
Calor - ANS
Calorimetry - ANS
Mass(Velocity)
Direct and indirect are used to measure quantities of heat.
LA
Gross Energy - ANS The total energy intake in the diet.
Metabolizable Energy - ANS Digestible energy minus fecal and urinary energy.
Basal Metabolic Rate - ANS Energy to maintain life processes.
C
Factors that affect it include: age, growth, height, % lean tissue, fasting, starvation, malnutrition,
fever, hormones, and sleep.
O
70% of total energy use by body depends on lean body mass
Pair-feeding - ANS An experimental method in which food intake or energy (calorie) intake
D
are limited to become same between animal groups and to exclude effects in the animals by
differences of food (energy) intake.
Turnover - ANS The movement of something into, through and out of a place, the rate at
which a thing is depleted and replaced.
Thyroxine - ANS The main hormone produced by the thyroid gland, acting to increase
metabolic rate and so regulating growth and development. Affects BMR.
Exam Questions And Answers
A
R
U
LA
C
O
D
,Anabolism - ANS Uses energy to construct components of cells.
Catabolism - ANS Breaks down organic matter, for example, to harvest energy.
Nutrient Density - ANS A measure of the nutrient a food provides compared to its energy
A
content.
Trace Minerals - ANS Needed only in tiny amounts.
R
These minerals participate in most chemical reactions in the body.
These include iron, zinc, iodine, copper, manganese.
U
Protein Complementation - ANS The act of consuming a variety of plant products to
provide all the necessary protein components.
LA
Essential Fatty Acids - ANS Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids.
May reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Obtained from canola oil, flaxseed oil, cold-water fish, or fish oil.
C
Metabolism - ANS The set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of
living organisms.
O
Mitochondrial Matrix - ANS The compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner
membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the citric acid cycle.
D
Respiration - ANS Is needed to produce a hydrogen (electron-proton) gradient.
Falsifiability - ANS Capable of being tested by experiment or observation.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS A system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm
and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of
lipids.
Lipid metabolism occurs in Smooth ER
, Protein synthesis occurs in Rough ER
Lysosome - ANS A small, round cell structure containing chemicals that break down large
food particles into smaller ones.
Enzyme - ANS Biological catalysts that work by lowering the activation energy for a
reaction, thus dramatically increasing the rate of the reaction.
Oxidation - ANS A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when
iron oxidizes, forming rust
A
Entropy - ANS A quantitative measure of disorder or randomness.
Breaking down.
R
Villi - ANS Fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for
absorption.
U
Calor - ANS
Calorimetry - ANS
Mass(Velocity)
Direct and indirect are used to measure quantities of heat.
LA
Gross Energy - ANS The total energy intake in the diet.
Metabolizable Energy - ANS Digestible energy minus fecal and urinary energy.
Basal Metabolic Rate - ANS Energy to maintain life processes.
C
Factors that affect it include: age, growth, height, % lean tissue, fasting, starvation, malnutrition,
fever, hormones, and sleep.
O
70% of total energy use by body depends on lean body mass
Pair-feeding - ANS An experimental method in which food intake or energy (calorie) intake
D
are limited to become same between animal groups and to exclude effects in the animals by
differences of food (energy) intake.
Turnover - ANS The movement of something into, through and out of a place, the rate at
which a thing is depleted and replaced.
Thyroxine - ANS The main hormone produced by the thyroid gland, acting to increase
metabolic rate and so regulating growth and development. Affects BMR.
