PSC 152 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
VERIFIED!!
AUTOMATICITY
What did Freud believe the purpose of the unconscious was? What did he think was
stored there? - ANSWER -place in our minds for storing unacceptable feelings &
desires
-things we don't like about ourselves and don't want to think about
-memories that cause us psychological pain
What is the contemporary view of the unconscious? - ANSWER -collection of mental
processes that are inaccessible to consciousness
-adaptive in many cases
What are Bargh's 4 horsemen of automaticity? - ANSWER 1) awareness
2) intentionality
3) efficiency
4) controllability
What are 2 ways in which we lack awareness of something's influence on our judgments
and behaviors? - ANSWER -subliminal priming (EXISTENCE of a stimulus that
influenced some response)
-supraliminal priming (HOW a stimulus influenced some response)
What did Nisbett & Wilson's nylon stockings study suggest about the role of awareness
in our judgements? - ANSWER -Ps viewed 4 identical pairs of nylon stockings
, -Which is the best quality? Why?
-Right-most pair of stockings heavily chosen (4x more)
-Why did you choose that pair?
o"I don't know..." (Followed by some plausible reason)
o None mentioned "right side"
o When experimenter explained results, none believed it was possible
How did P's in Johansson et al's picture task tend to react when given a picture of the
person they had not indicated as being physically attractive? - ANSWER -only 10%
noticed a switch
-reasoning behind choosing was always a physical attribute -"I like her because she has
dark hair" (original choice was a blonde)
How does the cocktail party effect illustrate intentionality? - ANSWER we will
unintentionally pick up on parts of other conversations around us, especially when
something being said is very familiar to us (our name)
What is a spontaneous trait inference? - ANSWER an effortless, automatic inference of
a trait after exposure to someone's behavior
"Bob carried the old woman's groceries across the busy street"
Was this word in the sentence? -clumsy -groceries -helpful
(slower to say "no" to "helpful" because it's implied by the behavior)
How can the presence of cognitive load illustrate if something is efficient? - ANSWER if
the process still occurs effortlessly even under cognitive load then it is efficient
Do all "4 horsemen" need to be present for a process to be automatic? - ANSWER NO -
(e.g. driving is semi-efficient and even unconscious, but it requires intent)
VERIFIED!!
AUTOMATICITY
What did Freud believe the purpose of the unconscious was? What did he think was
stored there? - ANSWER -place in our minds for storing unacceptable feelings &
desires
-things we don't like about ourselves and don't want to think about
-memories that cause us psychological pain
What is the contemporary view of the unconscious? - ANSWER -collection of mental
processes that are inaccessible to consciousness
-adaptive in many cases
What are Bargh's 4 horsemen of automaticity? - ANSWER 1) awareness
2) intentionality
3) efficiency
4) controllability
What are 2 ways in which we lack awareness of something's influence on our judgments
and behaviors? - ANSWER -subliminal priming (EXISTENCE of a stimulus that
influenced some response)
-supraliminal priming (HOW a stimulus influenced some response)
What did Nisbett & Wilson's nylon stockings study suggest about the role of awareness
in our judgements? - ANSWER -Ps viewed 4 identical pairs of nylon stockings
, -Which is the best quality? Why?
-Right-most pair of stockings heavily chosen (4x more)
-Why did you choose that pair?
o"I don't know..." (Followed by some plausible reason)
o None mentioned "right side"
o When experimenter explained results, none believed it was possible
How did P's in Johansson et al's picture task tend to react when given a picture of the
person they had not indicated as being physically attractive? - ANSWER -only 10%
noticed a switch
-reasoning behind choosing was always a physical attribute -"I like her because she has
dark hair" (original choice was a blonde)
How does the cocktail party effect illustrate intentionality? - ANSWER we will
unintentionally pick up on parts of other conversations around us, especially when
something being said is very familiar to us (our name)
What is a spontaneous trait inference? - ANSWER an effortless, automatic inference of
a trait after exposure to someone's behavior
"Bob carried the old woman's groceries across the busy street"
Was this word in the sentence? -clumsy -groceries -helpful
(slower to say "no" to "helpful" because it's implied by the behavior)
How can the presence of cognitive load illustrate if something is efficient? - ANSWER if
the process still occurs effortlessly even under cognitive load then it is efficient
Do all "4 horsemen" need to be present for a process to be automatic? - ANSWER NO -
(e.g. driving is semi-efficient and even unconscious, but it requires intent)
