BIO 320 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT.
What can a reciprocal transplant common garden experiment tell you about genetic
variation in natural populations? - ANSWER
What provides the ultimate source of genetic variation in a species? -
ANSWERmutations
What facilitates the spread of beneficial mutations within a population? -
ANSWERsexual reproduction
Describe the process of recombination between genes on the same chromosome in
Eukaryotes - ANSWEREukaryotes:
-Happens at meiosis in each parent
-Bidirectional (both parents donate DNA)
-Mechanisms
-Genes on different chromosomes recombine by random assortment of chromosome at
metaphase I of meiosis
-Genes on same chromosomes recombine through crossing over at prophase I
Describe the process of recombination between genes on the same chromosome in
Prokaryotes (bacteria) - ANSWER-Happens before cell copies its DNA to reproduce
-Requires double crossover because there is only one circular chromosome
How does the structure of the chromosome (circular or linear) affect the nature of the
crossover process? - ANSWER-Successful crossing over gives equal material in each
gamete
-That means that it should occur at exactly the same place along the chromosome
-Special enzymes accomplish this
What is sex? - ANSWER-exchange of heritable variation among individuals
-individuals may 'donate' or 'receive' DNA to/for their offspring
-next generation possesses traits from more than one individual
-involves recombination of genes
-introduces 'new' alleles to a lineage
Sexual reproduction with eukaryotes - ANSWER-each gamete gets ½ of each parent's
genes
-each offspring has ½ of genetic material from each parent
How can you tell the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction
occurring in an organism by examining a diagram of its life cycle? - ANSWER-asexual
species go extinct more quickly than sexual
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT.
What can a reciprocal transplant common garden experiment tell you about genetic
variation in natural populations? - ANSWER
What provides the ultimate source of genetic variation in a species? -
ANSWERmutations
What facilitates the spread of beneficial mutations within a population? -
ANSWERsexual reproduction
Describe the process of recombination between genes on the same chromosome in
Eukaryotes - ANSWEREukaryotes:
-Happens at meiosis in each parent
-Bidirectional (both parents donate DNA)
-Mechanisms
-Genes on different chromosomes recombine by random assortment of chromosome at
metaphase I of meiosis
-Genes on same chromosomes recombine through crossing over at prophase I
Describe the process of recombination between genes on the same chromosome in
Prokaryotes (bacteria) - ANSWER-Happens before cell copies its DNA to reproduce
-Requires double crossover because there is only one circular chromosome
How does the structure of the chromosome (circular or linear) affect the nature of the
crossover process? - ANSWER-Successful crossing over gives equal material in each
gamete
-That means that it should occur at exactly the same place along the chromosome
-Special enzymes accomplish this
What is sex? - ANSWER-exchange of heritable variation among individuals
-individuals may 'donate' or 'receive' DNA to/for their offspring
-next generation possesses traits from more than one individual
-involves recombination of genes
-introduces 'new' alleles to a lineage
Sexual reproduction with eukaryotes - ANSWER-each gamete gets ½ of each parent's
genes
-each offspring has ½ of genetic material from each parent
How can you tell the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction
occurring in an organism by examining a diagram of its life cycle? - ANSWER-asexual
species go extinct more quickly than sexual
