ATI Maternity Mood 4 (Chapter
5,6,7,8) Questions And Answers With
Verified Solutions Graded A+ Latest
Update 2025.
untrasounds types - ANSWER external, abdominal, transvaginal, doppler
External ultrasound - ANSWER - done during the first trimester
- it is noninvasive
- does require a full bladder for best results
- want the uterus to be displaced
transvaginal ultrasound - ANSWER - invasive procedure
- done during 3rd trimester
- gives a more accurate reading
- does not require bladder to be full
- helpful for obese patients
- want client in lithotomy position
in the first trimester to detect an ectopic pregnancy, its done in conjunction with abdominal scanning to
evaluate labor
the vaginal probe is covered with a protective device such as condom lubricated with water soluble gel
and inserted by the client or examiner
doppler ultrasound blood flow analysis - ANSWER A noninvasive external ultrasound method
to study the maternal-fetal blood flow by measuring the velocity at which RBCs travel in the uterine and
fetal vessels using a handheld ultrasound device that reflects sound waves from a moving target. It is
especially useful in fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and poor placental perfusion, and as an
adjunct in pregnancies at risk because of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, multiple fetuses, or preterm
labor. can be 2D-3D-4D
Ultrasound Indications - ANSWER site of implantation
amniotic fluid volume
fetal growth
placental attachment/placental grading
cervical coning
,gestation age
identifying multi pregnancy
ultrasound nursing actions - ANSWER advice patient to drink 1 quart of water prior to
procedure to fill the bladder if she is in the first trimester
Assist patient into a supine position with a wedge placed under the right hip to displace the uterus
(prevent hypotension)
Nonstress test - ANSWER Client presses a button whenever they feel fetal movement which
allows nurse to assess FHR in relationship to the fetal movement
from the nonstress test nurses will get a reactive test that means the baby's heart rate was variable at lest
15 bpm for at least 15 seconds (10seconds if less than 32 weeks) at two different times during the 20 min
test
If mom does not feel any movement provide VIBROACOUSTIC stimulation
Results are
REACTIVE= NORMAL
NON REACTIVE= ABNORMAL
If non reactive: contraction stress test or biophysical profile (BPP) ordered
BPP is a real time ultrasound to visualize physical and physiological characteristics
vibroacoustic stimulation - ANSWER Use of sound stimulation activated for 3 seconds on the
maternal abdomen over the fetus head to awaken the sleeping fetus (wake up baby)
Biophysical Profile (BPP) - ANSWER Method for evaluating fetal status during the antepartum
period based on five variables originating with the fetus: fetal heart rate, breathing movements, gross
body movements, muscle tone, and amniotic fluid volume.
Each assigned a score of 0 or 2 points
Score 8-10 is consider normal-low risk of chronic fetal asphyxia
Score 4-6 is abnormal- suspect chronic fetal asphyxia
Less than 4 is very abnormal, strongly suspect chronic fetal asphyxia
Fetal heart rate- (reactive 2), (or non reactive 0)
Fetal breathing movement- (one breathing movement lasting at least 30 seconds within the 30 min test)
Gross body movement- (3 movements of extension with return to flexion in 30 min)
Fetal muscle tone-(at least one episode of extension with return of flexion)
Amniotic fluid volume- ( at least one pocket of fluids measuring at least 2 cm in 2 perpendicular planes)
contraction stress test - ANSWER obtain baseline contraction and FHR for 10-20 min
, contraction (oxytocin) is usually caused by mom stimulating one of her nipples for 2 min until a
contraction begins, repeat after 5 min rest period
Look at baby's heart rate in increase to the contraction
need to examine 3 contractions within a 10min period that lasts 40-60 seconds
Monitor for hyperstimulation of the uterus (contractions lasting more than 90 seconds or 5 more
contractions in 10 min)
If hyperstimulation magnesium sulfate needs to be available and observation for 30 min post procedure
Negative=normal, good = no drops in heart rate seen during a contraction
Positive=abnormal, bad = drops in baby's heart rate at the end of a contractions are seen, this can indicate
fetal head compression, and based on these finding the provider may determine to induce labor or perform
a cesarean birth
amniocentesis - ANSWER needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for
analysis
can be done at 14 weeks to detect fetal abnormalities
nursing action= Rhogham given for RH-patient, get consent from patient, instruct them to empty the
bladder, advice client to continue breathing throughout the procedure, monitor FHR, contractions and
throughout procedure.
AFP- high=? spinal defects/omphalocele but also high with twins
AFH-low=? chromosomal disorders, or hydatiform mole
L/S (lecithin/sphingomyelin) ratio: of 2:1 is reassuring (2.5 or 3 to 1 in a patient w gestation diabetes)
Present of phosphatigyglycerol (PG) is reassuring
Complications: amniotic fluid emboli
maternal or fetal hemorrhage
infection
maternal intestinal/bladder damage
preterm labor
preamture rupture of membrane
Quad Marker - ANSWER blood screening done at 16-18 weeks
4 test on sample
HCG
AFG
Estriol
5,6,7,8) Questions And Answers With
Verified Solutions Graded A+ Latest
Update 2025.
untrasounds types - ANSWER external, abdominal, transvaginal, doppler
External ultrasound - ANSWER - done during the first trimester
- it is noninvasive
- does require a full bladder for best results
- want the uterus to be displaced
transvaginal ultrasound - ANSWER - invasive procedure
- done during 3rd trimester
- gives a more accurate reading
- does not require bladder to be full
- helpful for obese patients
- want client in lithotomy position
in the first trimester to detect an ectopic pregnancy, its done in conjunction with abdominal scanning to
evaluate labor
the vaginal probe is covered with a protective device such as condom lubricated with water soluble gel
and inserted by the client or examiner
doppler ultrasound blood flow analysis - ANSWER A noninvasive external ultrasound method
to study the maternal-fetal blood flow by measuring the velocity at which RBCs travel in the uterine and
fetal vessels using a handheld ultrasound device that reflects sound waves from a moving target. It is
especially useful in fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and poor placental perfusion, and as an
adjunct in pregnancies at risk because of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, multiple fetuses, or preterm
labor. can be 2D-3D-4D
Ultrasound Indications - ANSWER site of implantation
amniotic fluid volume
fetal growth
placental attachment/placental grading
cervical coning
,gestation age
identifying multi pregnancy
ultrasound nursing actions - ANSWER advice patient to drink 1 quart of water prior to
procedure to fill the bladder if she is in the first trimester
Assist patient into a supine position with a wedge placed under the right hip to displace the uterus
(prevent hypotension)
Nonstress test - ANSWER Client presses a button whenever they feel fetal movement which
allows nurse to assess FHR in relationship to the fetal movement
from the nonstress test nurses will get a reactive test that means the baby's heart rate was variable at lest
15 bpm for at least 15 seconds (10seconds if less than 32 weeks) at two different times during the 20 min
test
If mom does not feel any movement provide VIBROACOUSTIC stimulation
Results are
REACTIVE= NORMAL
NON REACTIVE= ABNORMAL
If non reactive: contraction stress test or biophysical profile (BPP) ordered
BPP is a real time ultrasound to visualize physical and physiological characteristics
vibroacoustic stimulation - ANSWER Use of sound stimulation activated for 3 seconds on the
maternal abdomen over the fetus head to awaken the sleeping fetus (wake up baby)
Biophysical Profile (BPP) - ANSWER Method for evaluating fetal status during the antepartum
period based on five variables originating with the fetus: fetal heart rate, breathing movements, gross
body movements, muscle tone, and amniotic fluid volume.
Each assigned a score of 0 or 2 points
Score 8-10 is consider normal-low risk of chronic fetal asphyxia
Score 4-6 is abnormal- suspect chronic fetal asphyxia
Less than 4 is very abnormal, strongly suspect chronic fetal asphyxia
Fetal heart rate- (reactive 2), (or non reactive 0)
Fetal breathing movement- (one breathing movement lasting at least 30 seconds within the 30 min test)
Gross body movement- (3 movements of extension with return to flexion in 30 min)
Fetal muscle tone-(at least one episode of extension with return of flexion)
Amniotic fluid volume- ( at least one pocket of fluids measuring at least 2 cm in 2 perpendicular planes)
contraction stress test - ANSWER obtain baseline contraction and FHR for 10-20 min
, contraction (oxytocin) is usually caused by mom stimulating one of her nipples for 2 min until a
contraction begins, repeat after 5 min rest period
Look at baby's heart rate in increase to the contraction
need to examine 3 contractions within a 10min period that lasts 40-60 seconds
Monitor for hyperstimulation of the uterus (contractions lasting more than 90 seconds or 5 more
contractions in 10 min)
If hyperstimulation magnesium sulfate needs to be available and observation for 30 min post procedure
Negative=normal, good = no drops in heart rate seen during a contraction
Positive=abnormal, bad = drops in baby's heart rate at the end of a contractions are seen, this can indicate
fetal head compression, and based on these finding the provider may determine to induce labor or perform
a cesarean birth
amniocentesis - ANSWER needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for
analysis
can be done at 14 weeks to detect fetal abnormalities
nursing action= Rhogham given for RH-patient, get consent from patient, instruct them to empty the
bladder, advice client to continue breathing throughout the procedure, monitor FHR, contractions and
throughout procedure.
AFP- high=? spinal defects/omphalocele but also high with twins
AFH-low=? chromosomal disorders, or hydatiform mole
L/S (lecithin/sphingomyelin) ratio: of 2:1 is reassuring (2.5 or 3 to 1 in a patient w gestation diabetes)
Present of phosphatigyglycerol (PG) is reassuring
Complications: amniotic fluid emboli
maternal or fetal hemorrhage
infection
maternal intestinal/bladder damage
preterm labor
preamture rupture of membrane
Quad Marker - ANSWER blood screening done at 16-18 weeks
4 test on sample
HCG
AFG
Estriol
