PSYCHOLOGY 110 EXAM 1 CH. 1-3
Questions and answers 2025
Psychology .- .ANS✓✓-The .scientific .study .of .the .mind, .brain, .and .behavior.
What .psychologists .do .- .ANS✓✓-
Research .mental .processes, .the .brain, .and .behavior. .Apply .scientific .research .t
o .solve .problems.
6 .Principles .of .Critical .Thinking .- .ANS✓✓-
Ruling .out .rival .hypothesis, .correlation .vs. .causation, .falsifiability, .replicability, .
extraordinary .claims, .Occam's .razor .(parsimony)
Ruling .out .rival .hypothesis .- .ANS✓✓-
Have .important .alternative .explanations .for .the .findings .been .excluded?
Correlation .vs. .Causation .- .ANS✓✓-Can .we .be .sure .the .A .causes .B?
Falsifiability .- .ANS✓✓-Can .the .claim .be .disproved?
Replicability .- .ANS✓✓-Can .the .results .be .duplicated .in .other .studies?
Extraordinary .claims .- .ANS✓✓-Is .the .evidence .as .strong .as .the .claim?
Occam's .Razor .- .ANS✓✓-Does .a .simpler .explanation .fit .the .data .just .as .well?
, 5 .major .theoretical .perspectives .- .ANS✓✓-
Structuralism, .functionalism, .behaviorism, .cognitivism, .psychoanalysis
Structuralism .- .ANS✓✓-
Insistence .on .systematic .data .collection .and .empiricism. .Psychology .as .a .scien
ce.
Functionalism .- .ANS✓✓-
Influence .of .evolutionary .theory .on .modern .psychology.
Behavioralism .- .ANS✓✓-
Helped .to .understand .how .we .learn .and .the .importance .of .scientific .rigor. .Obse
rvations.
Cognitivism .- .ANS✓✓-
Focus .on .not .only .rewards .or .punishers, .but .on .our .interpretation .of .events .
(the .importance .of ."mind")
Psychoanalysis .- .ANS✓✓-
Theories .of .mental .processing .outside .of .conscious .awareness, .1st .psychother
apy. .Talking .as .a .cure.
Basic .research .- .ANS✓✓-Research .examining .how .the .mind .works
Applied .research .- .ANS✓✓-Research .examining .how .we .can .use .basic .research
.to .solve .real .world .problems
The .Scientific .Method .- .ANS✓✓-Focus .on .a .theory .
(literature .review), .state .a .hypothesis, .test .with .a .research .method, .statistically .
analyze .data, .report .results .
(peer .review), .published .results .become .part .of .the .literature
Hypothesis .- .ANS✓✓-Testable .prediction .derived .from .a .scientific .theory
Theory .- .ANS✓✓-Explanation .for .a .large .number .of .natural .events
3 .Principles .of .Research .Ethics .- .ANS✓✓-
Respect .for .persons, .beneficence, .and .justice
Questions and answers 2025
Psychology .- .ANS✓✓-The .scientific .study .of .the .mind, .brain, .and .behavior.
What .psychologists .do .- .ANS✓✓-
Research .mental .processes, .the .brain, .and .behavior. .Apply .scientific .research .t
o .solve .problems.
6 .Principles .of .Critical .Thinking .- .ANS✓✓-
Ruling .out .rival .hypothesis, .correlation .vs. .causation, .falsifiability, .replicability, .
extraordinary .claims, .Occam's .razor .(parsimony)
Ruling .out .rival .hypothesis .- .ANS✓✓-
Have .important .alternative .explanations .for .the .findings .been .excluded?
Correlation .vs. .Causation .- .ANS✓✓-Can .we .be .sure .the .A .causes .B?
Falsifiability .- .ANS✓✓-Can .the .claim .be .disproved?
Replicability .- .ANS✓✓-Can .the .results .be .duplicated .in .other .studies?
Extraordinary .claims .- .ANS✓✓-Is .the .evidence .as .strong .as .the .claim?
Occam's .Razor .- .ANS✓✓-Does .a .simpler .explanation .fit .the .data .just .as .well?
, 5 .major .theoretical .perspectives .- .ANS✓✓-
Structuralism, .functionalism, .behaviorism, .cognitivism, .psychoanalysis
Structuralism .- .ANS✓✓-
Insistence .on .systematic .data .collection .and .empiricism. .Psychology .as .a .scien
ce.
Functionalism .- .ANS✓✓-
Influence .of .evolutionary .theory .on .modern .psychology.
Behavioralism .- .ANS✓✓-
Helped .to .understand .how .we .learn .and .the .importance .of .scientific .rigor. .Obse
rvations.
Cognitivism .- .ANS✓✓-
Focus .on .not .only .rewards .or .punishers, .but .on .our .interpretation .of .events .
(the .importance .of ."mind")
Psychoanalysis .- .ANS✓✓-
Theories .of .mental .processing .outside .of .conscious .awareness, .1st .psychother
apy. .Talking .as .a .cure.
Basic .research .- .ANS✓✓-Research .examining .how .the .mind .works
Applied .research .- .ANS✓✓-Research .examining .how .we .can .use .basic .research
.to .solve .real .world .problems
The .Scientific .Method .- .ANS✓✓-Focus .on .a .theory .
(literature .review), .state .a .hypothesis, .test .with .a .research .method, .statistically .
analyze .data, .report .results .
(peer .review), .published .results .become .part .of .the .literature
Hypothesis .- .ANS✓✓-Testable .prediction .derived .from .a .scientific .theory
Theory .- .ANS✓✓-Explanation .for .a .large .number .of .natural .events
3 .Principles .of .Research .Ethics .- .ANS✓✓-
Respect .for .persons, .beneficence, .and .justice
