BIO 319 Lipids and Proteins Lecture Outline

BIO 319 Lipids & Proteins Lecture Outline

Triglycerides
 Most common type of fat in the body
 Storage (primary type of fat that stores excess energy in your diet)

Phospholipids - blending of fats and water
- Used as an emulsifier (allows for the mixing of two liquids that wouldn’t be able to mix)
 Food sources
o Eggs
o Meat
o Nut
o Seeds
o tofu
 Roles
o They make up the membrane of ourselves
o The gate keepers of the cell (they determine what enters and exits the cell)
o They allow the transport of hormones and vitamins in and out the cell
o They keep fats suspended in the blood
 Why? This allows for a transport excretion of bad fats
Sterols
 Food sources
o Plants
o animals
 Cholesterol
o Cholesterol is now unhealthy for us
o They make vitamins and hormones
o The liver makes all the cholesterol our body needs
o The liver makes LDL and HDL (low density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein)
o HDL carries LDL away from the arteries back to the liver for recycling, energy, or excretion
o Built up of plaque can lead to a heart attack and stroke
 Plant sterols
o Plant sterols will not raise our cholesterol
o Plant sterols are good
o Compete with cholesterol for absorption in the digestive system
o Reduce the amount of cholesterol circulating in the blood
o Reduce absorption
o
Energy and Fat
- Excess energy from any macronutrients is stored for fat
 Adipose tissue
o The primary storage sites for excess energy
o Secretes adipokines (a protein and a hormone. They help regulate energy balance)
 Obesity: increases inflammation, increases insulin resistance
o Central adiposity is most important to your health
 Other uses of fat in the body
o Glucose is stored as fat
o Skeletal muscles
Essential FAs (must be consumed)
 Health Impact
o
1