Test Bank For Genetics A Conceptual Approach 7th Edition By: Benjam
p p p p p p p p p p
in A. Pierce
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,Chapterp1:pIntroductionptopGeneticspfrompGenetics:pApConceptualpApproach
1. Whichpofpthepfollowingpbestpdefinespgenetics?
A) Thepstudypofplivingporganisms
B) Thepstudypofpgenespandpheredity
C) Thepstudypofpdiseasespandptheirpcauses
D) Thepstudypofpcellpstructures
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pThepstudypofpgenespandpheredity
Rationale:pGeneticspfocusespspecificallyponphowptraitspandpcharacteristicsparepinheritedpthr
oughpgenes.pThispfoundationalpknowledgepispcrucialpforpunderstandingpmorepcomplexpgenet
icpconcepts.pUnderstandingpgeneticspispessentialpforpnurses,pasptheypmaypdealpwithpgeneticpc
onditionspandpcounseling.
2. Whichptermpdescribespthepobservablepcharacteristicspofpanporganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pPhenotype
Rationale:pThepphenotypeprefersptopthepphysicalpexpressionpofpgeneticptraits,pwhilepgenoty
peprefersptopthepgeneticpmakeup.pNursespmustpbepableptopdifferentiatepbetweenptheseptermspto
pprovidepeffectivepeducationpandpsupportptoppatientspregardingpgeneticpconditions.
3. WhatpispthepprimarypfunctionpofpDNA?
A) Topprovidepenergypforpcellularpprocesses
B) Topstorepandptransmitpgeneticpinformation
C) Topcatalyzepbiochemicalpreactions
D) Topservepaspapstructuralpcomponentpofpcells
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pTopstorepandptransmitpgeneticpinformation
Rationale:pDNApholdspthepinstructionspforpthepdevelopmentpandpfunctioningpofplivingporganis
ms,pwhichpispcentralptopgeneticpstudies.pUnderstandingptheprolepofpDNApispvitalpforpnurses,pespec
iallypwhenpdiscussingpgeneticptestingpandpcounseling.
4. Whichpofpthepfollowingpbestpdescribespalleles?
A) Differentpformspofpapgene
B) Thepsamepformpofpapgene
C) Chromosomespthatpdeterminepsex
D) Cellspthatpcontainpgeneticpmaterial
CorrectpAnswer:pA)pDifferentpformspofpapgene
Rationale:pAllelesprepresentpvariationspofpapparticularpgene,pcontributingptopgeneticpdiversi
ty.pNursespmustpunderstandpallelesptophelppexplainpinheritanceppatternspandpgeneticpdisorder
sptoppatients.
5. Ifpappersonphasptwopidenticalpallelespforpaptrait,ptheyparepconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive
, CorrectpAnswer:pA)pHomozygous
Rationale:pHomozygouspindividualsphaveptwopcopiespofpthepsamepallele,pwhilepheterozygo
uspindividualsphavepdifferentpalleles.pThispdistinctionpispessentialpinpgenetics,paspitpinfluences
pthepexpressionpofptraitspandpthepriskpofpgeneticpdisorders.
6. Whatpispapgene?
A) ApsegmentpofpDNApthatpcodespforpapprotein
B) Thepphysicalplocationpofpchromosomes
C) ThepcompletepsetpofpDNApinpanporganism
D) Apstructurepthatpcarriespnutrientspinpcells
CorrectpAnswer:pA)pApsegmentpofpDNApthatpcodespforpapprotein
Rationale:pGenesparepthepbasicpunitspofphereditypandparepcrucialpforpproducingpproteinspthat
pcarrypoutpvariouspfunctionspinpthepbody.pUnderstandingpgenepfunctionpispessentialpforpnurses
ptopassesspgeneticpriskspandpprovidepappropriateppatientpeducation.
7. Whichpgeneticpdisorderpispcausedpbypapsinglepgenepmutation?
A) Cysticpfibrosis
B) Downpsyndrome
C) Turnerpsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
CorrectpAnswer:pA)pCysticpfibrosis
Rationale:pCysticpfibrosispispanpautosomalprecessivepdisorderpresultingpfrompmutationspinpt
hepCFTRpgene,pillustratingpMendelianpinheritanceppatterns.pRecognizingpsuchpdisorderspall
owspnursesptopprovidepbetterpcarepandpmanagementpstrategiespforpaffectedpindividuals.
8. InpMendelianpinheritance,pwhatpispthepexpectedpphenotypicpratiopofpapmonohybridp
cross?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
CorrectpAnswer:pB)p3:1
Rationale:pApmonohybridpcrossptypicallypresultspinpap3:1pratiopofpdominantptoprecessivepph
enotypes.pThispknowledgepispimportantpforpnursespinvolvedpinpgeneticpcounseling,paspitphelp
spexplainpinheritanceppatternsptopfamilies.
9. Whichpofpthepfollowingprepresentspapcarrierpforpaprecessivepgeneticpdisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) Nonepofpthepabove
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pAa
Rationale:pApcarrierphasponepdominantpandponeprecessivepallele,pshowingpnopsymptomspofpt
hepdisorderpbutpcapablepofppassingptheprecessivepalleleptopoffspring.pUnderstandingpcarriersp
ispvitalpinpgeneticpcounselingpandpassessingpfamilyprisks.
10. Whatpispthepsignificancepofpthephumanpgenomepproject?
A) Topclonephumanpgenes
B) Topmappthepentirephumanpgenome
C) Topidentifypgeneticpdisordersponly
D) Topenhancepagriculturalpcrops
, CorrectpAnswer:pB)pTopmappthepentirephumanpgenome
Rationale:pThepHumanpGenomepProjectpaimedptopsequencepandpunderstandpallpthepgenespof
pthephumanpspecies,pwhichphaspvastpimplicationspforpmedicinepandpgenetics.pNursespshouldp
bepawarepofpthispprojectpaspitpinformspgeneticptestingpandptreatmentpoptions.
11. Whichpofpthepfollowingpispanpexamplepofpapdominantptrait?
A) Bluepeyes
B) BloodptypepO
C) Hitchhiker'spthumb
D) Cysticpfibrosis
CorrectpAnswer:pC)pHitchhiker'spthumb
Rationale:pHitchhiker'spthumbpispapdominantptrait;pthepothersparepeitherprecessiveporpbloodpt
ypespdeterminedpbypcodominance.pUnderstandingpdominantptraitspispcrucialpforpnursespwhe
npdiscussingpgeneticpinheritancepwithppatients.
12. Inpappedigreepchart,papfilledpsymbolptypicallyprepresentspwhichpofpthepfollowing?
A) Carrier
B) Affectedpindividual
C) Male
D) Female
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pAffectedpindividual
Rationale:pFilledpsymbolspinpappedigreepindicatepindividualspexpressingpapparticularptraitpor
pconditionpbeingpstudied.pKnowledgepofppedigreepchartspispessentialpforpnursespassessingpfa
milyphistoriespandpgeneticprisks.
13. Whichpofpthepfollowingpisptruepregardingpsex-linkedptraits?
A) Theyparepinheritedpequallypbypmalespandpfemales.
B) Theyparepalwayspexpressedpinpmales.
C) TheypareponlypfoundponpthepYpchromosome.
D) Theypareptypicallypmorepcommonpinpmalespthanpfemales.
CorrectpAnswer:pD)pTheypareptypicallypmorepcommonpinpmalespthanpfemales.pRationale
:pSex-
linkedptraitsparepoftenpcarriedponpthepXpchromosome,pleadingptophigherpexpressionpinpmales
,pwhophaveponlyponepXpchromosome.pNursespshouldpunderstandpsex-
plinkedpinheritanceppatternspforpeffectivepgeneticpcounseling.
14. WhatpisptheprolepofpmessengerpRNAp(mRNA)pinpproteinpsynthesis?
A) Itpcatalyzespthepformationpofpproteins.
B) ItpcarriespgeneticpinformationpfrompDNAptopribosomes.
C) ItphelpspinpDNApreplication.
D) ItpprotectspDNApfrompdegradation.
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pItpcarriespgeneticpinformationpfrompDNAptopribosomes.
Rationale:pmRNApispcrucialpforptranslatingpgeneticpinformationpintopproteins,pfunctioningp
aspaptemplatepforpproteinpsynthesis.pUnderstandingpmRNA'sprolepaidspnursespinpdiscussingp
geneticptherapiespandptreatments.
15. Whichptermpdescribespanporganism'spgeneticpmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pGenotype
p p p p p p p p p p
in A. Pierce
p p
,Chapterp1:pIntroductionptopGeneticspfrompGenetics:pApConceptualpApproach
1. Whichpofpthepfollowingpbestpdefinespgenetics?
A) Thepstudypofplivingporganisms
B) Thepstudypofpgenespandpheredity
C) Thepstudypofpdiseasespandptheirpcauses
D) Thepstudypofpcellpstructures
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pThepstudypofpgenespandpheredity
Rationale:pGeneticspfocusespspecificallyponphowptraitspandpcharacteristicsparepinheritedpthr
oughpgenes.pThispfoundationalpknowledgepispcrucialpforpunderstandingpmorepcomplexpgenet
icpconcepts.pUnderstandingpgeneticspispessentialpforpnurses,pasptheypmaypdealpwithpgeneticpc
onditionspandpcounseling.
2. Whichptermpdescribespthepobservablepcharacteristicspofpanporganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pPhenotype
Rationale:pThepphenotypeprefersptopthepphysicalpexpressionpofpgeneticptraits,pwhilepgenoty
peprefersptopthepgeneticpmakeup.pNursespmustpbepableptopdifferentiatepbetweenptheseptermspto
pprovidepeffectivepeducationpandpsupportptoppatientspregardingpgeneticpconditions.
3. WhatpispthepprimarypfunctionpofpDNA?
A) Topprovidepenergypforpcellularpprocesses
B) Topstorepandptransmitpgeneticpinformation
C) Topcatalyzepbiochemicalpreactions
D) Topservepaspapstructuralpcomponentpofpcells
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pTopstorepandptransmitpgeneticpinformation
Rationale:pDNApholdspthepinstructionspforpthepdevelopmentpandpfunctioningpofplivingporganis
ms,pwhichpispcentralptopgeneticpstudies.pUnderstandingptheprolepofpDNApispvitalpforpnurses,pespec
iallypwhenpdiscussingpgeneticptestingpandpcounseling.
4. Whichpofpthepfollowingpbestpdescribespalleles?
A) Differentpformspofpapgene
B) Thepsamepformpofpapgene
C) Chromosomespthatpdeterminepsex
D) Cellspthatpcontainpgeneticpmaterial
CorrectpAnswer:pA)pDifferentpformspofpapgene
Rationale:pAllelesprepresentpvariationspofpapparticularpgene,pcontributingptopgeneticpdiversi
ty.pNursespmustpunderstandpallelesptophelppexplainpinheritanceppatternspandpgeneticpdisorder
sptoppatients.
5. Ifpappersonphasptwopidenticalpallelespforpaptrait,ptheyparepconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive
, CorrectpAnswer:pA)pHomozygous
Rationale:pHomozygouspindividualsphaveptwopcopiespofpthepsamepallele,pwhilepheterozygo
uspindividualsphavepdifferentpalleles.pThispdistinctionpispessentialpinpgenetics,paspitpinfluences
pthepexpressionpofptraitspandpthepriskpofpgeneticpdisorders.
6. Whatpispapgene?
A) ApsegmentpofpDNApthatpcodespforpapprotein
B) Thepphysicalplocationpofpchromosomes
C) ThepcompletepsetpofpDNApinpanporganism
D) Apstructurepthatpcarriespnutrientspinpcells
CorrectpAnswer:pA)pApsegmentpofpDNApthatpcodespforpapprotein
Rationale:pGenesparepthepbasicpunitspofphereditypandparepcrucialpforpproducingpproteinspthat
pcarrypoutpvariouspfunctionspinpthepbody.pUnderstandingpgenepfunctionpispessentialpforpnurses
ptopassesspgeneticpriskspandpprovidepappropriateppatientpeducation.
7. Whichpgeneticpdisorderpispcausedpbypapsinglepgenepmutation?
A) Cysticpfibrosis
B) Downpsyndrome
C) Turnerpsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
CorrectpAnswer:pA)pCysticpfibrosis
Rationale:pCysticpfibrosispispanpautosomalprecessivepdisorderpresultingpfrompmutationspinpt
hepCFTRpgene,pillustratingpMendelianpinheritanceppatterns.pRecognizingpsuchpdisorderspall
owspnursesptopprovidepbetterpcarepandpmanagementpstrategiespforpaffectedpindividuals.
8. InpMendelianpinheritance,pwhatpispthepexpectedpphenotypicpratiopofpapmonohybridp
cross?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
CorrectpAnswer:pB)p3:1
Rationale:pApmonohybridpcrossptypicallypresultspinpap3:1pratiopofpdominantptoprecessivepph
enotypes.pThispknowledgepispimportantpforpnursespinvolvedpinpgeneticpcounseling,paspitphelp
spexplainpinheritanceppatternsptopfamilies.
9. Whichpofpthepfollowingprepresentspapcarrierpforpaprecessivepgeneticpdisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) Nonepofpthepabove
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pAa
Rationale:pApcarrierphasponepdominantpandponeprecessivepallele,pshowingpnopsymptomspofpt
hepdisorderpbutpcapablepofppassingptheprecessivepalleleptopoffspring.pUnderstandingpcarriersp
ispvitalpinpgeneticpcounselingpandpassessingpfamilyprisks.
10. Whatpispthepsignificancepofpthephumanpgenomepproject?
A) Topclonephumanpgenes
B) Topmappthepentirephumanpgenome
C) Topidentifypgeneticpdisordersponly
D) Topenhancepagriculturalpcrops
, CorrectpAnswer:pB)pTopmappthepentirephumanpgenome
Rationale:pThepHumanpGenomepProjectpaimedptopsequencepandpunderstandpallpthepgenespof
pthephumanpspecies,pwhichphaspvastpimplicationspforpmedicinepandpgenetics.pNursespshouldp
bepawarepofpthispprojectpaspitpinformspgeneticptestingpandptreatmentpoptions.
11. Whichpofpthepfollowingpispanpexamplepofpapdominantptrait?
A) Bluepeyes
B) BloodptypepO
C) Hitchhiker'spthumb
D) Cysticpfibrosis
CorrectpAnswer:pC)pHitchhiker'spthumb
Rationale:pHitchhiker'spthumbpispapdominantptrait;pthepothersparepeitherprecessiveporpbloodpt
ypespdeterminedpbypcodominance.pUnderstandingpdominantptraitspispcrucialpforpnursespwhe
npdiscussingpgeneticpinheritancepwithppatients.
12. Inpappedigreepchart,papfilledpsymbolptypicallyprepresentspwhichpofpthepfollowing?
A) Carrier
B) Affectedpindividual
C) Male
D) Female
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pAffectedpindividual
Rationale:pFilledpsymbolspinpappedigreepindicatepindividualspexpressingpapparticularptraitpor
pconditionpbeingpstudied.pKnowledgepofppedigreepchartspispessentialpforpnursespassessingpfa
milyphistoriespandpgeneticprisks.
13. Whichpofpthepfollowingpisptruepregardingpsex-linkedptraits?
A) Theyparepinheritedpequallypbypmalespandpfemales.
B) Theyparepalwayspexpressedpinpmales.
C) TheypareponlypfoundponpthepYpchromosome.
D) Theypareptypicallypmorepcommonpinpmalespthanpfemales.
CorrectpAnswer:pD)pTheypareptypicallypmorepcommonpinpmalespthanpfemales.pRationale
:pSex-
linkedptraitsparepoftenpcarriedponpthepXpchromosome,pleadingptophigherpexpressionpinpmales
,pwhophaveponlyponepXpchromosome.pNursespshouldpunderstandpsex-
plinkedpinheritanceppatternspforpeffectivepgeneticpcounseling.
14. WhatpisptheprolepofpmessengerpRNAp(mRNA)pinpproteinpsynthesis?
A) Itpcatalyzespthepformationpofpproteins.
B) ItpcarriespgeneticpinformationpfrompDNAptopribosomes.
C) ItphelpspinpDNApreplication.
D) ItpprotectspDNApfrompdegradation.
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pItpcarriespgeneticpinformationpfrompDNAptopribosomes.
Rationale:pmRNApispcrucialpforptranslatingpgeneticpinformationpintopproteins,pfunctioningp
aspaptemplatepforpproteinpsynthesis.pUnderstandingpmRNA'sprolepaidspnursespinpdiscussingp
geneticptherapiespandptreatments.
15. Whichptermpdescribespanporganism'spgeneticpmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
CorrectpAnswer:pB)pGenotype
