1. What is the main disadvantage of using secondary data in research?
A. It is often too expensive to obtain.
B. It may not perfectly align with the researcher's specific needs.
C. It is always less reliable than primary data.
D. It is difficult to interpret.
Answer: b) It may not perfectly align with the researcher's specific
needs.
Rationale: Secondary data is collected for a different purpose, so it may
not always fit the exact needs of the current research study.
2. What is the main advantage of using a longitudinal study over a
cross-sectional study?
A. It provides insights into cause-and-effect relationships.
B. It is quicker and less expensive.
C. It can track changes in the same individuals over time.
D. It has higher external validity.
Answer: c) It can track changes in the same individuals over time.
Rationale: Longitudinal studies track participants over an extended
period, allowing researchers to observe changes and trends over time.
,3. What is the main purpose of using random assignment in
experimental research?
A. To control for external variables.
B. To ensure that participants are equally distributed across
experimental groups.
C. To ensure that the sample is large enough.
D. To improve the generalizability of the results.
Answer: b) To ensure that participants are equally distributed across
experimental groups.
Rationale: Random assignment minimizes bias and helps ensure that
groups are comparable before the experiment starts.
4. In which situation is a cross-sectional research design typically used?
A. To study the effects of an intervention over time.
B. To study changes within a single group over a long period.
C. To study relationships between variables at one specific point in
time.
D. To collect qualitative data from in-depth interviews.
Answer: c) To study relationships between variables at one specific
point in time.
Rationale: Cross-sectional research collects data from participants at a
single point in time to assess relationships or trends across different
groups or variables.
, 5. Which of the following data collection methods is best suited for
gathering in-depth insights into a person's thoughts or experiences?
A. Structured survey with closed-ended questions.
B. Observation of behavior in a natural setting.
C. In-depth interviews.
D. Secondary data analysis.
Answer: c) In-depth interviews.
Rationale: In-depth interviews allow researchers to explore a person's
thoughts, feelings, and experiences in a detailed and personal way.
6. Which of the following is NOT a quantitative research method?
A. Surveys with numerical data.
B. Statistical analysis.
C. Case studies.
D. Experimental research with controlled variables.
Answer: c) Case studies.
Rationale: Case studies are generally qualitative in nature as they focus
on detailed, in-depth descriptions of specific individuals or phenomena.
7. Which of the following is a key advantage of using experimental
research designs?
A. They can establish cause-and-effect relationships.
B. They are less time-consuming than other designs.
A. It is often too expensive to obtain.
B. It may not perfectly align with the researcher's specific needs.
C. It is always less reliable than primary data.
D. It is difficult to interpret.
Answer: b) It may not perfectly align with the researcher's specific
needs.
Rationale: Secondary data is collected for a different purpose, so it may
not always fit the exact needs of the current research study.
2. What is the main advantage of using a longitudinal study over a
cross-sectional study?
A. It provides insights into cause-and-effect relationships.
B. It is quicker and less expensive.
C. It can track changes in the same individuals over time.
D. It has higher external validity.
Answer: c) It can track changes in the same individuals over time.
Rationale: Longitudinal studies track participants over an extended
period, allowing researchers to observe changes and trends over time.
,3. What is the main purpose of using random assignment in
experimental research?
A. To control for external variables.
B. To ensure that participants are equally distributed across
experimental groups.
C. To ensure that the sample is large enough.
D. To improve the generalizability of the results.
Answer: b) To ensure that participants are equally distributed across
experimental groups.
Rationale: Random assignment minimizes bias and helps ensure that
groups are comparable before the experiment starts.
4. In which situation is a cross-sectional research design typically used?
A. To study the effects of an intervention over time.
B. To study changes within a single group over a long period.
C. To study relationships between variables at one specific point in
time.
D. To collect qualitative data from in-depth interviews.
Answer: c) To study relationships between variables at one specific
point in time.
Rationale: Cross-sectional research collects data from participants at a
single point in time to assess relationships or trends across different
groups or variables.
, 5. Which of the following data collection methods is best suited for
gathering in-depth insights into a person's thoughts or experiences?
A. Structured survey with closed-ended questions.
B. Observation of behavior in a natural setting.
C. In-depth interviews.
D. Secondary data analysis.
Answer: c) In-depth interviews.
Rationale: In-depth interviews allow researchers to explore a person's
thoughts, feelings, and experiences in a detailed and personal way.
6. Which of the following is NOT a quantitative research method?
A. Surveys with numerical data.
B. Statistical analysis.
C. Case studies.
D. Experimental research with controlled variables.
Answer: c) Case studies.
Rationale: Case studies are generally qualitative in nature as they focus
on detailed, in-depth descriptions of specific individuals or phenomena.
7. Which of the following is a key advantage of using experimental
research designs?
A. They can establish cause-and-effect relationships.
B. They are less time-consuming than other designs.
