Bio 669 quiz 1Questions and verified
answers
Starling forces ✔️✔️ correct answ-forces affecting movement of fluid between cells and spaces
net filtration ✔️✔️ correct answ-forces favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration
Osmolarity ✔️✔️ correct answ-concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution
isosmotic ✔️✔️ correct answ-solutions with the same concentrations of solute particles (osmolarity)
water makes up ____% in men ✔️✔️ correct answ-60%
water makes up ____% in women ✔️✔️ correct answ-50%
made up of 2/3 (40%) of water ✔️✔️ correct answ-intracellular
made up of 1/3 (20%) of water ✔️✔️ correct answ-extracellular
what two things make up extracellular fluid? ✔️✔️ correct answ-Intravascular and interstitial
what % of intravascular is in the extracellular? ✔️✔️ correct answ-25%
what % of interstitial is in the extracellular? ✔️✔️ correct answ-75%
who has more water, men or women? ✔️✔️ correct answ-men
who has more water, elderly or pediatric? ✔️✔️ correct answ-pediatric
why does total body water decrease as we age? ✔️✔️ correct answ-decreased free fat and muscle mass
,renal decline
diminished thirst perception
hyposomotic ✔️✔️ correct answ-solution with lower osmotic pressure. lower outside
hyperosmotic ✔️✔️ correct answ-solution with higher osmolarity. higher inside.
isotonic ✔️✔️ correct answ-two solutions with the same osmotic pressure
Hypotonic ✔️✔️ correct answ-when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser
concentration of solutes within the cell
Hypertonic ✔️✔️ correct answ-when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater
concentration of solutes within the cell
Forces favoring filtration ✔️✔️ correct answ-Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure) and
interstitial oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
Forces favoring reabsorption ✔️✔️ correct answ-Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
edema ✔️✔️ correct answ-accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
causes of edema ✔️✔️ correct answ-increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (increased BP),
decrease of plasma oncotic pressure,
obstruction of lymphatic circulation,
increased capillary permeability
What is ascites? ✔️✔️ correct answ-accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure ✔️✔️ correct answ-venous obstruction, salt and
water retention, heart failure, renal failure
, what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause? ✔️✔️ correct answ-forces fluid into tissues
causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure ✔️✔️ correct answ-decreased plasma albumin
-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition)
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome)
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma proteins)
what does lymph obstruction cause? ✔️✔️ correct answ-fluid movement into the tissues
decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure)
what are examples of increased capillary permeability? ✔️✔️ correct answ-burns and inflammation
what does increased capillary permeability do? ✔️✔️ correct answ-proteins escape= loss of plasma
proteins to interstitial space (thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure and decreased capillary oncotic
pressure)
papilledema ✔️✔️ correct answ-swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance
into the eye through the optic disk
What causes papilledema? ✔️✔️ correct answ-often caused by increase in intracranial pressure
what is the primary extracellular fluid cation (positive charged ion)? ✔️✔️ correct answ-Sodium
movement of sodium in cell does what to hydrogen? ✔️✔️ correct answ-pushes hydrogen out.
increase in sodium does what to fluid volume? ✔️✔️ correct answ-increases fluid volume
what is the primary extracellular anion? ✔️✔️ correct answ-Chloride
what if sodium goes in the cell what does the chloride do? ✔️✔️ correct answ-follows it in.
what is the amount of sodium in the extracellular fluid? ✔️✔️ correct answ-142
answers
Starling forces ✔️✔️ correct answ-forces affecting movement of fluid between cells and spaces
net filtration ✔️✔️ correct answ-forces favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration
Osmolarity ✔️✔️ correct answ-concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution
isosmotic ✔️✔️ correct answ-solutions with the same concentrations of solute particles (osmolarity)
water makes up ____% in men ✔️✔️ correct answ-60%
water makes up ____% in women ✔️✔️ correct answ-50%
made up of 2/3 (40%) of water ✔️✔️ correct answ-intracellular
made up of 1/3 (20%) of water ✔️✔️ correct answ-extracellular
what two things make up extracellular fluid? ✔️✔️ correct answ-Intravascular and interstitial
what % of intravascular is in the extracellular? ✔️✔️ correct answ-25%
what % of interstitial is in the extracellular? ✔️✔️ correct answ-75%
who has more water, men or women? ✔️✔️ correct answ-men
who has more water, elderly or pediatric? ✔️✔️ correct answ-pediatric
why does total body water decrease as we age? ✔️✔️ correct answ-decreased free fat and muscle mass
,renal decline
diminished thirst perception
hyposomotic ✔️✔️ correct answ-solution with lower osmotic pressure. lower outside
hyperosmotic ✔️✔️ correct answ-solution with higher osmolarity. higher inside.
isotonic ✔️✔️ correct answ-two solutions with the same osmotic pressure
Hypotonic ✔️✔️ correct answ-when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser
concentration of solutes within the cell
Hypertonic ✔️✔️ correct answ-when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater
concentration of solutes within the cell
Forces favoring filtration ✔️✔️ correct answ-Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure) and
interstitial oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
Forces favoring reabsorption ✔️✔️ correct answ-Plasma (capillary) oncotic pressure (water-pulling)
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
edema ✔️✔️ correct answ-accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
causes of edema ✔️✔️ correct answ-increased capillary hydrostatic pressure (increased BP),
decrease of plasma oncotic pressure,
obstruction of lymphatic circulation,
increased capillary permeability
What is ascites? ✔️✔️ correct answ-accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
example of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure ✔️✔️ correct answ-venous obstruction, salt and
water retention, heart failure, renal failure
, what does increased capillary hydrostatic pressure cause? ✔️✔️ correct answ-forces fluid into tissues
causes of decreased capillary (plasma) oncotic pressure ✔️✔️ correct answ-decreased plasma albumin
-decreased synthesis of plasma proteins (cirrhosis, malnutrition)
-increased loss of plasma proteins (nephrotic syndrome)
increased Na+ and H2O retention (dilution of plasma proteins)
what does lymph obstruction cause? ✔️✔️ correct answ-fluid movement into the tissues
decreased transport of capillary filtered protein ( thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure)
what are examples of increased capillary permeability? ✔️✔️ correct answ-burns and inflammation
what does increased capillary permeability do? ✔️✔️ correct answ-proteins escape= loss of plasma
proteins to interstitial space (thus increasing tissue oncotic pressure and decreased capillary oncotic
pressure)
papilledema ✔️✔️ correct answ-swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance
into the eye through the optic disk
What causes papilledema? ✔️✔️ correct answ-often caused by increase in intracranial pressure
what is the primary extracellular fluid cation (positive charged ion)? ✔️✔️ correct answ-Sodium
movement of sodium in cell does what to hydrogen? ✔️✔️ correct answ-pushes hydrogen out.
increase in sodium does what to fluid volume? ✔️✔️ correct answ-increases fluid volume
what is the primary extracellular anion? ✔️✔️ correct answ-Chloride
what if sodium goes in the cell what does the chloride do? ✔️✔️ correct answ-follows it in.
what is the amount of sodium in the extracellular fluid? ✔️✔️ correct answ-142
