HMX IMMUNOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

HMX IMMUNOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION Tissue resident sentinel cells include (3 types) - (ANSWER)Dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells Circulating leukocytes involved in innate response (2 types) - (ANSWER)Monocytes and neutrophils Phagocytic immune cells (2 types) - (ANSWER)Macrophages and neutrophils Difference between macrophages and neutrophils? - (ANSWER)Neutrophils are short lived and will undergo apoptosis after eating a microbe; macrophages are longer-lived and will eat apoptotic cells and waste General cytokine role in innate immune response (and what cells release them?) - (ANSWER)Released by dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells. Pro-inflammatory molecules that interact with blood vessel endothelium to recruit circulating leukocytes, fluid, and proteins into tissue Which tissue-resident sentinel cell will release histamine upon activation? - (ANSWER)Mast cell Cytokines promote up-regulation of what kind of molecule within blood vessel walls? - (ANSWER)Adhesion molecules E-Selectin - (ANSWER)An adhesion molecule that helps to slow down circulating leukocytes in innate immune response (low-affinity interaction) E-Selectin Ligand - (ANSWER)A ligand expressed by circulating leukocytes that helps them stick to blood vessel endothelium in innate immune response ICAM-1 - (ANSWER)An adhesion molecule that helps circulating leukocytes bind to blood vessel endothelium in innate immune response (high-affinity interaction) Integrins (and the name of a specific one) - (ANSWER)A class of adhesion molecules expressed on circulating leukocytes; LFA-1 binds to ICAM-1 in a high affinity interaction during the innate inflammatory response Stable Arrest - (ANSWER)When a circulating leukocyte comes to a stop within the endothelium thanks to adhesion molecule interactions and can enter the tissue