Peds Exam 1
The nurse is aware that the age at which the posterior fontanelle
closes is
months.
a. 2 to 3
b. 3 to 6
c. 6 to 9
d. 9 to 12 correct answersANS: A
The posterior fontanelle closes between 2 and 3 months of age.
Which stage of development is most unstable and challenging regarding
development of personal identity?
A) Adolescence
B) Toddler hood
C) Childhood
D) Infancy correct answersA) Adolescence
A maternity nurse is providing instruction to a new mother regarding the
psychosocial development of the newborn infant. Using Erikson's
psychosocial development theory, the nurse would instruct the mother to:
A) Allow the newborn infant to signal a need
B) Anticipate all of the needs of the newborn infant
C) Avoid the newborn infant during the first 10 minutes of crying
D)Attend to the newborn infant immediately when crying correct
answersA) Allow the newborn infant to signal a need. Trust vs Mistrust
stage-This will allow the infant opportunity to gain trust.
A mother of a 3-year-old tells a clinic nurse that the child is rebelling
constantly and having temper tantrums. The nurse most appropriately
tells the mother to:
E) Punish the child every time the child says "no", to change the
behavior
F) Allow the behavior because this is normal at this age period
G) Set limits on the child's behavior
H)Ignore the child when this behavior occurs correct answersC) Set limits
on the child's behavior-According to Erikson, the child focuses on
independence between ages 1 and 3 years. Gaining independence often
means that the child has to rebel against the parents' wishes. Saying things
like "no" or "mine" and having temper tantrums are common during this
period of development. Being consistent and setting limits on the child's
behavior are the necessary elements.
A nurse is evaluating the developmental level of a 2-year-old. Which of
the following does the nurse expect to observe in this child?
I) Uses a fork to eat
J) Uses a cup to drink
,C) Uses a knife for cutting food
D)Pours own milk into a cup correct answersB. By age 2 years, the child
can use a cup and can use a spoon correctly but with some spilling. By ages
3 to 4, the child begins to use a fork. By the end of the preschool period, the
child should be able to pour milk into a cup and begin to use a knife for
cutting.
A clinic nurse assesses the communication patterns of a 5-month-old infant.
The nurse determines that the infant is demonstrating the highest level of
developmental achievement expected if the infant:
E) Uses simple words such as "mama"
F) Uses monosyllabic babbling
G) Links syllables together
H)Coos when comforted correct answersB. Using monosyllabic babbling
occurs between 3 and 6 months of age. Using simple words such as "mama"
occurs between 9 and 12 months. Linking syllables together when
communicating occurs between 6 and 9 months. Cooing begins at birth and
continues until 2 months.
A nurse is preparing to care for a 5-year-old who has been placed in traction
following a fracture of the femur. The nurse plans care, knowing that which
of the following is the most appropriate activity for this child?
I) Large picture books
J) A radio
K) Crayons and coloring book
L)A sports video correct answersC. In the preschooler, play is simple and
imaginative and includes activities such as crayons and coloring books,
puppets, felt and magnetic boards, and Play-Doh. Large picture books are
most appropriate for the infant. A radio and a sports video are most
appropriate for the adolescent.
A 16-year-old is admitted to the hospital for acute appendicitis, and an
appendectomy is performed. Which of the following nursing interventions is
most appropriate to facilitate normal growth and development?
M)Allow the family to bring in the child's favorite computer games
N) Encourage the parents to room-in with the child
O) Encourage the child to rest and read
P)Allow the child to participate in activities with other individuals in the
same age group when the condition permits correct answersD. Adolescents
often are not sure whether they want their parents with them when they are
hospitalized. Because of the importance of the peer group, separation from
friends is a source of anxiety. Ideally, the members of the peer group will
support their ill friend. Options a, b, and c isolate the child from the peer
group.
The mother of a toddler asks a nurse when it is safe to place the car
safety seat in a face-forward position. The best nursing response is which
of the following?
Q) When the toddler weighs 20 lbs
R)The seat should not be placed in a face-forward position unless
there are safety locks in the car
, C)The seat should never be place in a face-forward position because
the risk of the child unbuckling the harness
D)When the weight of the toddler is greater than 40 lbs correct answersA.
The transition point for switching to the forward facing position is defined by
the manufacturer of the convertible car safety seat but is generally at a
body weight of 9 kg or 20 lb and 1 year of age. Convertible car safety seats
are used until the child weighs at least 40 lb. Options b, c, and d are
incorrect
A mother calls the pediatrician's office because her infant is "colicky."
The helpful measure the nurse would suggest to the parent is to:
a. sing songs to the infant in a soft voice.
b. place the infant in a well-lit room.
c. walk around and massage the infant's back.
d. rock the fussy infant slowly and gently. correct answersANS: D
One technique the nurse can offer parents of a fussy infant is to rock the
infant gently and slowly while being careful to avoid sudden movements.
The nurse teaches parents how to help their children learn impulse
control and cooperative behaviors. This would occur during which of the
stages of development defined by Erikson?
A.Trust versus mistrust
B.Initiative versus guilt
C.Industry versus
inferiority
D.Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt correct answersB) Initiative vs Guilt. The
stage of initiative versus guilt occurs from ages 3 to 6 years, during which
children develop direction and purpose. Teaching impulse control and
cooperative behaviors during this stage help the child to avoid risks of
altered growth and development. In the autonomy versus sense of shame
and doubt stage, toddlers learn to achieve self-control and willpower. Trust
versus mistrust is the first stage, during which children develop faith and
optimism. During the industry versus inferiority stage, children develop a
sense of competency.
The nurse knows that an infant's birth weight should be tripled by:
a. 9 months.
b. 1 year.
c. 18 months.
d. 2 years. correct answersANS: B
The infant usually triples his or her birth weight by about 12 months of age.
The nurse is aware that the earliest age at which an infant is able to sit
steadily alone is
months.
e. 4
f. 5
g. 8
h. 15 correct answersANS: C
The infant can sit alone without support at about 8 months of age.
The nurse is aware that the age at which the posterior fontanelle
closes is
months.
a. 2 to 3
b. 3 to 6
c. 6 to 9
d. 9 to 12 correct answersANS: A
The posterior fontanelle closes between 2 and 3 months of age.
Which stage of development is most unstable and challenging regarding
development of personal identity?
A) Adolescence
B) Toddler hood
C) Childhood
D) Infancy correct answersA) Adolescence
A maternity nurse is providing instruction to a new mother regarding the
psychosocial development of the newborn infant. Using Erikson's
psychosocial development theory, the nurse would instruct the mother to:
A) Allow the newborn infant to signal a need
B) Anticipate all of the needs of the newborn infant
C) Avoid the newborn infant during the first 10 minutes of crying
D)Attend to the newborn infant immediately when crying correct
answersA) Allow the newborn infant to signal a need. Trust vs Mistrust
stage-This will allow the infant opportunity to gain trust.
A mother of a 3-year-old tells a clinic nurse that the child is rebelling
constantly and having temper tantrums. The nurse most appropriately
tells the mother to:
E) Punish the child every time the child says "no", to change the
behavior
F) Allow the behavior because this is normal at this age period
G) Set limits on the child's behavior
H)Ignore the child when this behavior occurs correct answersC) Set limits
on the child's behavior-According to Erikson, the child focuses on
independence between ages 1 and 3 years. Gaining independence often
means that the child has to rebel against the parents' wishes. Saying things
like "no" or "mine" and having temper tantrums are common during this
period of development. Being consistent and setting limits on the child's
behavior are the necessary elements.
A nurse is evaluating the developmental level of a 2-year-old. Which of
the following does the nurse expect to observe in this child?
I) Uses a fork to eat
J) Uses a cup to drink
,C) Uses a knife for cutting food
D)Pours own milk into a cup correct answersB. By age 2 years, the child
can use a cup and can use a spoon correctly but with some spilling. By ages
3 to 4, the child begins to use a fork. By the end of the preschool period, the
child should be able to pour milk into a cup and begin to use a knife for
cutting.
A clinic nurse assesses the communication patterns of a 5-month-old infant.
The nurse determines that the infant is demonstrating the highest level of
developmental achievement expected if the infant:
E) Uses simple words such as "mama"
F) Uses monosyllabic babbling
G) Links syllables together
H)Coos when comforted correct answersB. Using monosyllabic babbling
occurs between 3 and 6 months of age. Using simple words such as "mama"
occurs between 9 and 12 months. Linking syllables together when
communicating occurs between 6 and 9 months. Cooing begins at birth and
continues until 2 months.
A nurse is preparing to care for a 5-year-old who has been placed in traction
following a fracture of the femur. The nurse plans care, knowing that which
of the following is the most appropriate activity for this child?
I) Large picture books
J) A radio
K) Crayons and coloring book
L)A sports video correct answersC. In the preschooler, play is simple and
imaginative and includes activities such as crayons and coloring books,
puppets, felt and magnetic boards, and Play-Doh. Large picture books are
most appropriate for the infant. A radio and a sports video are most
appropriate for the adolescent.
A 16-year-old is admitted to the hospital for acute appendicitis, and an
appendectomy is performed. Which of the following nursing interventions is
most appropriate to facilitate normal growth and development?
M)Allow the family to bring in the child's favorite computer games
N) Encourage the parents to room-in with the child
O) Encourage the child to rest and read
P)Allow the child to participate in activities with other individuals in the
same age group when the condition permits correct answersD. Adolescents
often are not sure whether they want their parents with them when they are
hospitalized. Because of the importance of the peer group, separation from
friends is a source of anxiety. Ideally, the members of the peer group will
support their ill friend. Options a, b, and c isolate the child from the peer
group.
The mother of a toddler asks a nurse when it is safe to place the car
safety seat in a face-forward position. The best nursing response is which
of the following?
Q) When the toddler weighs 20 lbs
R)The seat should not be placed in a face-forward position unless
there are safety locks in the car
, C)The seat should never be place in a face-forward position because
the risk of the child unbuckling the harness
D)When the weight of the toddler is greater than 40 lbs correct answersA.
The transition point for switching to the forward facing position is defined by
the manufacturer of the convertible car safety seat but is generally at a
body weight of 9 kg or 20 lb and 1 year of age. Convertible car safety seats
are used until the child weighs at least 40 lb. Options b, c, and d are
incorrect
A mother calls the pediatrician's office because her infant is "colicky."
The helpful measure the nurse would suggest to the parent is to:
a. sing songs to the infant in a soft voice.
b. place the infant in a well-lit room.
c. walk around and massage the infant's back.
d. rock the fussy infant slowly and gently. correct answersANS: D
One technique the nurse can offer parents of a fussy infant is to rock the
infant gently and slowly while being careful to avoid sudden movements.
The nurse teaches parents how to help their children learn impulse
control and cooperative behaviors. This would occur during which of the
stages of development defined by Erikson?
A.Trust versus mistrust
B.Initiative versus guilt
C.Industry versus
inferiority
D.Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt correct answersB) Initiative vs Guilt. The
stage of initiative versus guilt occurs from ages 3 to 6 years, during which
children develop direction and purpose. Teaching impulse control and
cooperative behaviors during this stage help the child to avoid risks of
altered growth and development. In the autonomy versus sense of shame
and doubt stage, toddlers learn to achieve self-control and willpower. Trust
versus mistrust is the first stage, during which children develop faith and
optimism. During the industry versus inferiority stage, children develop a
sense of competency.
The nurse knows that an infant's birth weight should be tripled by:
a. 9 months.
b. 1 year.
c. 18 months.
d. 2 years. correct answersANS: B
The infant usually triples his or her birth weight by about 12 months of age.
The nurse is aware that the earliest age at which an infant is able to sit
steadily alone is
months.
e. 4
f. 5
g. 8
h. 15 correct answersANS: C
The infant can sit alone without support at about 8 months of age.
