DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY NEW EDITION REVISION
EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
School-aged children grow _________ per year and gain ___________ per year - 2-3 inches, 5-7
pounds
How race impacts childhood growth - Asian and Ocean Pacific children are shorter than northern and
central European children; growth is more rapid for black children than for white children
About ________ of girls 9-10 are dieting - 40%
Obesity - Body weight that is more than 20 percent above average for a given age/height; 15% of all
U.S. children are obese (this has tripled since the 1960s)
Obesity is caused by... - Genetics, social factors (parents who are controlling of children's eating may
produce children who can't regulate own food intake), poor diet, lack of exercise
Gross motor skills - Develop substantially over middle childhood, improved muscle coordination
Fine motor skills - Increase due to increased myelination in brain between ages 6-8
Asthma - Periodic wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath; prevalence has increased
significantly.
-often diagnosed in this age group (school-aged childhood)
-more than 7 million U.S. children and more than 150 million children worldwide have it
Accidents - Increasing independence and mobility lead to safety issues
-boys are more likely than girls to have accidents
-most frequent source of accidents is motor vehicles (5 out of every 100,000 children between ages
5-9 are killed annually)
Childhood psychological disorders - Childhood depression is often overlooked; approximately 5% of
school-aged children suffer; childhood mental illness may lead to risk for future disorders
, Research shows that __________ of children will have at least one serious medical condition - 90%
Visual problems - Inability to see up close, difficulties seeing color, depth, light, etc. may affect school
work; 1 in 1000 students need special education related to visual impairment
Blindness - Visual acuity below 20/200 after correction
Partial sightedness - Visual acuity of less than 20/70 after correction
Auditory problems - 1-2% of school-age children have hearing impairment; loss in infancy is more
severe than after age 3 (inability to understand or produce speech, can impair abstract thinking)
Speech problems - 3-5% of school-age children have speech impairments; may accompany hearing
impairments; stuttering is most common form
Child onset fluency disorder - Stuttering/substantial disruption in the rhythm and fluency of speech;
the most common speech impairment
Learning disabilities - Discrepancies between achievement and capacity to learn; difficulties in
listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities
Dyslexia - Results in reversal of letters during reading and writing, difficulties in spelling, confusion
between left and right
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Learning disability marked by inattention,
impulsiveness, low tolerance for frustration, and inappropriate activity; causes unclear but some
research finds it related to delay in neural development
-occurs in 3-5% of school-aged children
Gender differences in ADHD - Boys are more likely than girls to have ADHD
ADHD treatments - -Drug treatment: Ritalin, Dexadrine (increase attention span and compliance;
problematic side effects)
-Behavior therapy
EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
School-aged children grow _________ per year and gain ___________ per year - 2-3 inches, 5-7
pounds
How race impacts childhood growth - Asian and Ocean Pacific children are shorter than northern and
central European children; growth is more rapid for black children than for white children
About ________ of girls 9-10 are dieting - 40%
Obesity - Body weight that is more than 20 percent above average for a given age/height; 15% of all
U.S. children are obese (this has tripled since the 1960s)
Obesity is caused by... - Genetics, social factors (parents who are controlling of children's eating may
produce children who can't regulate own food intake), poor diet, lack of exercise
Gross motor skills - Develop substantially over middle childhood, improved muscle coordination
Fine motor skills - Increase due to increased myelination in brain between ages 6-8
Asthma - Periodic wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath; prevalence has increased
significantly.
-often diagnosed in this age group (school-aged childhood)
-more than 7 million U.S. children and more than 150 million children worldwide have it
Accidents - Increasing independence and mobility lead to safety issues
-boys are more likely than girls to have accidents
-most frequent source of accidents is motor vehicles (5 out of every 100,000 children between ages
5-9 are killed annually)
Childhood psychological disorders - Childhood depression is often overlooked; approximately 5% of
school-aged children suffer; childhood mental illness may lead to risk for future disorders
, Research shows that __________ of children will have at least one serious medical condition - 90%
Visual problems - Inability to see up close, difficulties seeing color, depth, light, etc. may affect school
work; 1 in 1000 students need special education related to visual impairment
Blindness - Visual acuity below 20/200 after correction
Partial sightedness - Visual acuity of less than 20/70 after correction
Auditory problems - 1-2% of school-age children have hearing impairment; loss in infancy is more
severe than after age 3 (inability to understand or produce speech, can impair abstract thinking)
Speech problems - 3-5% of school-age children have speech impairments; may accompany hearing
impairments; stuttering is most common form
Child onset fluency disorder - Stuttering/substantial disruption in the rhythm and fluency of speech;
the most common speech impairment
Learning disabilities - Discrepancies between achievement and capacity to learn; difficulties in
listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities
Dyslexia - Results in reversal of letters during reading and writing, difficulties in spelling, confusion
between left and right
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Learning disability marked by inattention,
impulsiveness, low tolerance for frustration, and inappropriate activity; causes unclear but some
research finds it related to delay in neural development
-occurs in 3-5% of school-aged children
Gender differences in ADHD - Boys are more likely than girls to have ADHD
ADHD treatments - -Drug treatment: Ritalin, Dexadrine (increase attention span and compliance;
problematic side effects)
-Behavior therapy
