NC Paramedic State Test Exam Study
Guide 2023
Stroke Volume - ANSWERS-Volume of blood pumped out of left ventricle per heartbeat
Asystole/diastole - ANSWERS-Heart in resting phase
Drug after 4th defib - ANSWERS-Lidocaine or epinephrine
Neonate/ped with small area of exposed spinal cord - ANSWERS-Cover with moist
dressing
Neonate/ped with large area of exposed spinal cord - ANSWERS-Cover with occlusive
dressing
Parkland Formula - ANSWERS-4 mL x BSA (%) x Kg = Total fluid for 24 hours
Cincinnati Stroke Screen - ANSWERS-Assesses facial droop, arm drift, and speech
Sub Q injection technique - ANSWERS-Administer at 45-degree angle into fat tissue
IM injection technique - ANSWERS-Administer at 90-degree angle into muscle
ETCO2 in hyperventilation - ANSWERS-ETCO2 level above 35 mmHg
Causes of Hyperventilation - ANSWERS-Hyperventilation syndrome, High BVM rate
Causes of Hypoventilation - ANSWERS-Narcotic OD, CNS dysfunction, Heavy sedation
Symptoms of Cardiac Tamponade - ANSWERS-Chest tenderness, dyspnea, JVD,
Clear LS, Tachycardia, Hypotension
Management of Trauma Patient with Paradoxical Chest Wall Motion - ANSWERS-
Initiate BVM ventilations
Managing Elevated CO2 Levels in Ventilator-Dependent Patient - ANSWERS-Increase
the rate of ventilation
Visceral Pain Definition - ANSWERS-Damage/injury of internal organs, Dull
unorganized pain
Somatic Pain Definition - ANSWERS-Pain from skeletal muscles, ligaments, joints, or
peritoneal lining, Sharp, localized, throbbing pain
Definition of Oxygenation - ANSWERS-Delivery of oxygen to the blood
Definition of Ventilation - ANSWERS-Physical movement of air in and out of the lungs
Steps in Securing the Airway - ANSWERS-Manual airway techniques, Head-tilt chin lift
(preferred)/ Jaw thrust (if spinal trauma suspected)
When Securing the Airway, What Comes Second? - ANSWERS-Use of Suction:
- Rigid suction catheter
- Tonsil tip or yankauer catheter
- Suction time limits:
- 15 seconds for adults
- 10 seconds for pediatrics
- 5 seconds for infants
When Securing the Airway, What Comes Third? - ANSWERS-Mechanical Airway
Adjuncts:
- Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)
- Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)
What Is Cardiac Output? - ANSWERS-Cardiac Output Definition:
- Volume of blood ejected by the left ventricle in 1 minute
- Calculated as Stroke Volume (SV) multiplied by Heart Rate (HR)
Guide 2023
Stroke Volume - ANSWERS-Volume of blood pumped out of left ventricle per heartbeat
Asystole/diastole - ANSWERS-Heart in resting phase
Drug after 4th defib - ANSWERS-Lidocaine or epinephrine
Neonate/ped with small area of exposed spinal cord - ANSWERS-Cover with moist
dressing
Neonate/ped with large area of exposed spinal cord - ANSWERS-Cover with occlusive
dressing
Parkland Formula - ANSWERS-4 mL x BSA (%) x Kg = Total fluid for 24 hours
Cincinnati Stroke Screen - ANSWERS-Assesses facial droop, arm drift, and speech
Sub Q injection technique - ANSWERS-Administer at 45-degree angle into fat tissue
IM injection technique - ANSWERS-Administer at 90-degree angle into muscle
ETCO2 in hyperventilation - ANSWERS-ETCO2 level above 35 mmHg
Causes of Hyperventilation - ANSWERS-Hyperventilation syndrome, High BVM rate
Causes of Hypoventilation - ANSWERS-Narcotic OD, CNS dysfunction, Heavy sedation
Symptoms of Cardiac Tamponade - ANSWERS-Chest tenderness, dyspnea, JVD,
Clear LS, Tachycardia, Hypotension
Management of Trauma Patient with Paradoxical Chest Wall Motion - ANSWERS-
Initiate BVM ventilations
Managing Elevated CO2 Levels in Ventilator-Dependent Patient - ANSWERS-Increase
the rate of ventilation
Visceral Pain Definition - ANSWERS-Damage/injury of internal organs, Dull
unorganized pain
Somatic Pain Definition - ANSWERS-Pain from skeletal muscles, ligaments, joints, or
peritoneal lining, Sharp, localized, throbbing pain
Definition of Oxygenation - ANSWERS-Delivery of oxygen to the blood
Definition of Ventilation - ANSWERS-Physical movement of air in and out of the lungs
Steps in Securing the Airway - ANSWERS-Manual airway techniques, Head-tilt chin lift
(preferred)/ Jaw thrust (if spinal trauma suspected)
When Securing the Airway, What Comes Second? - ANSWERS-Use of Suction:
- Rigid suction catheter
- Tonsil tip or yankauer catheter
- Suction time limits:
- 15 seconds for adults
- 10 seconds for pediatrics
- 5 seconds for infants
When Securing the Airway, What Comes Third? - ANSWERS-Mechanical Airway
Adjuncts:
- Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)
- Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)
What Is Cardiac Output? - ANSWERS-Cardiac Output Definition:
- Volume of blood ejected by the left ventricle in 1 minute
- Calculated as Stroke Volume (SV) multiplied by Heart Rate (HR)
