OSTEOPOROSIS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE AND
ACCURATE ANSWERS.
1) The nurse is assessing a postmenopausal client. Which question should the nurse ask to
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assess for signs of osteoporosis?
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A) "Have you experienced any palpitations?"
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B) "Are you having any low back pain?"
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C) "Are you having problems with swelling in your feet?"
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D) "Is constipation a problem for you?" Answer: B
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Explanation: A client with osteoporosis will often present with low back pain as well as a
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decrease in height. Palpitations, constipation, and swelling are not early signs of
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osteoporosis.
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2) A nurse is conducting a health history on an older adult client. Which assessment
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finding indicates the client is at risk for osteoporosis?
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A) Having a body mass index (BMI) that indicates obesity
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B) Using glucocorticoids for 10 years because of a chronic lung disorder
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C) Eating three to five servings of shrimp and liver per week
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D) Drinking three glasses of skim milk daily
d. Answer: B d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
Explanation: A) Long-time use of corticosteroids is a risk factor for developing
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osteoporosis. Obesity is not a risk factor for osteoporosis. Skim milk is a good source of
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calcium and vitamin D, which prevents or slows osteoporosis. A diet rich in shellfish and
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organ meats is high in purine, which may predispose the client to gout.
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3) The nurse is planning care for a female adult client who is high-risk for developing
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osteoporosis. Which interventions will decrease the client's risk of developing this health
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problem? Select all that apply.
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A) Increasing the intake of alcoholic beverages
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B) Isometric exercise for at least 30 minutes three times per week
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C) Weight-bearing exercises such as walking
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D) Having a yearly dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) test
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, E) A diet with adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D
d. d. d. Answer: C, E d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
Explanation: A) Interventions that may decrease this client's risk of developing d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
osteoporosis include regular weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, as this activity
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slows bone loss. Other intervention include encouraging clients to consume adequate
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amounts of calcium and vitamin D in their diets to prevent osteoporotic fracture. A
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DEXA test measures bone density, but it does not decrease the client's risk for
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developing osteoporosis. Measures to prevent or treat osteoporosis include limiting the
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intake of beverages containing alcohol, caffeine, and phosphorus. Isometric exercises are
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not effective against osteoporosis.
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4) The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body
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Requirements as appropriate for a client with osteoporosis. Which client statement
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indicated to the nurse that this nursing diagnosis was appropriate?
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A) "I like to remove all of the fat from the meat I eat."
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B) "I am trying to eat a low-carb diet."
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C) "I plan to start eating out less."
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D) "I am allergic to dairy products."
d. d. Answer: D
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Explanation: A) The client who is allergic to dairy products may not take in much calcium,
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which increases the risk of osteoporosis, so focusing on diet would be a priority for this
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client. The statements about removing fat, eating a low-carb diet, and eating out less are
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healthy changes for many individuals that help reduce calorie intake, but they would not
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address one of the root causes of osteoporosis, deficient calcium intake.
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5) A client who is at risk for developing osteoporosis asks what can be done to decrease
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the risk of actually developing the disease. Which intervention would be the most
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beneficial for this client?
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A) Decreasing the amount of calcium in the client's diet
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B) Providing the client with assisted range of motion exercising twice daily
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C) Increasing regular weight-bearing activities
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D) Protecting the client's bones with strict bedrest
d. Answer: C d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
Explanation: A) A standard intervention for those attempting to prevent osteoporosis is
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beginning an exercise plan that includes weight-bearing activities. Strict bedrest,
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decreasing calcium intake, and assisted range of motion exercises may make the
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osteoporosis worse.
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ACCURATE ANSWERS.
1) The nurse is assessing a postmenopausal client. Which question should the nurse ask to
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
assess for signs of osteoporosis?
d. d. d. d. d.
A) "Have you experienced any palpitations?"
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B) "Are you having any low back pain?"
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C) "Are you having problems with swelling in your feet?"
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D) "Is constipation a problem for you?" Answer: B
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Explanation: A client with osteoporosis will often present with low back pain as well as a
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
decrease in height. Palpitations, constipation, and swelling are not early signs of
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
osteoporosis.
d.
Page Ref: 857 d. d.
2) A nurse is conducting a health history on an older adult client. Which assessment
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finding indicates the client is at risk for osteoporosis?
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
A) Having a body mass index (BMI) that indicates obesity
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B) Using glucocorticoids for 10 years because of a chronic lung disorder
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C) Eating three to five servings of shrimp and liver per week
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D) Drinking three glasses of skim milk daily
d. Answer: B d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
Explanation: A) Long-time use of corticosteroids is a risk factor for developing
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osteoporosis. Obesity is not a risk factor for osteoporosis. Skim milk is a good source of
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
calcium and vitamin D, which prevents or slows osteoporosis. A diet rich in shellfish and
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
organ meats is high in purine, which may predispose the client to gout.
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
3) The nurse is planning care for a female adult client who is high-risk for developing
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osteoporosis. Which interventions will decrease the client's risk of developing this health
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problem? Select all that apply.
d. d. d. d. d.
A) Increasing the intake of alcoholic beverages
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B) Isometric exercise for at least 30 minutes three times per week
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
C) Weight-bearing exercises such as walking
d. d. d. d. d.
D) Having a yearly dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) test
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, E) A diet with adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D
d. d. d. Answer: C, E d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
Explanation: A) Interventions that may decrease this client's risk of developing d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
osteoporosis include regular weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, as this activity
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slows bone loss. Other intervention include encouraging clients to consume adequate
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amounts of calcium and vitamin D in their diets to prevent osteoporotic fracture. A
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DEXA test measures bone density, but it does not decrease the client's risk for
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
developing osteoporosis. Measures to prevent or treat osteoporosis include limiting the
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
intake of beverages containing alcohol, caffeine, and phosphorus. Isometric exercises are
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not effective against osteoporosis.
d. d. d. d.
4) The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body
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Requirements as appropriate for a client with osteoporosis. Which client statement
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
indicated to the nurse that this nursing diagnosis was appropriate?
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
A) "I like to remove all of the fat from the meat I eat."
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B) "I am trying to eat a low-carb diet."
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C) "I plan to start eating out less."
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D) "I am allergic to dairy products."
d. d. Answer: D
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Explanation: A) The client who is allergic to dairy products may not take in much calcium,
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which increases the risk of osteoporosis, so focusing on diet would be a priority for this
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
client. The statements about removing fat, eating a low-carb diet, and eating out less are
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
healthy changes for many individuals that help reduce calorie intake, but they would not
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
address one of the root causes of osteoporosis, deficient calcium intake.
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
5) A client who is at risk for developing osteoporosis asks what can be done to decrease
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the risk of actually developing the disease. Which intervention would be the most
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beneficial for this client?
d. d. d. d.
A) Decreasing the amount of calcium in the client's diet
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B) Providing the client with assisted range of motion exercising twice daily
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
C) Increasing regular weight-bearing activities
d. d. d. d.
D) Protecting the client's bones with strict bedrest
d. Answer: C d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
Explanation: A) A standard intervention for those attempting to prevent osteoporosis is
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beginning an exercise plan that includes weight-bearing activities. Strict bedrest,
d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d. d.
decreasing calcium intake, and assisted range of motion exercises may make the
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osteoporosis worse.
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