Anatomy 337 Unit 4 Exam UW
Madison|334 Complete Q’s and A’s
articular surface - -where two bone surfaces come together, forming a joint,
they conform to eachother (ex: one rounded and the other one cupped)
- Condyle - -Large rounded articular surface
- facet - -flat articular surface
- head - -Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
- neck - -Narrowed region next to the head
- trochlea - -smooth spool-shaped surface
- crest - -Narrow prominent ridge of bone
- epicondyle - -A raised area on or above a condyle
- line - -Narrow ridge of bone
- process - -bony prominence
- spine - -Sharp, slender projection
- trochanter - -Very large, irregularly shaped process
- tubercle - -Small rounded projection or process
- tuberosity - -Large rounded projection, may be roughened
- Opening and depressions - -for passage of blood vessels and nerves
- tendon/ligament attatchments - -typically project at least a small amount
above the surface of bone; larger the attachment site, the greater the force
transmitted through the attatchment
- fossa - -Shallow basin-like depression
- sulcus - -a larger groove
- notch - -Indentation at the edge of a bone
,- foramen - -Round or oval hole through a bone
- canal - -elongated passage in bone
- fissure - -slit through bone
- fovea - -small pit
- origin - -proximal attachment of a muscle; stays stable
- insertion - -distal attachment of a muscle; moves while muscle contracts
- agonist - -the muscle that is acting to complete a particular movement.
- primer mover - -the agonist muscle that is most responsible for
completing that specific movement (psoas major)
- antagonist - -a muscle with an action that opposes the action of the
agonist (ex: the triceps brachii is the antagonist to the muscles that flex the
elbow because the triceps brachii acts to extend the elbow)
-muscles in opposing compartments
- synergist - -a muscle that assists with a particular movement
-two agonists can be this together
-can stabilize a joint
-contributor, stabilizer, fixator, neutralizer
-muscles in same compartment
- if the muscle fibers are longer... - -then the greater range of motion for the
muscle
- if the muscles have a larger cross-sectional area... - -then they can
produce more force
- muscles with opposite actions.... - -lie on opposite sides of a joint
- fascicle arrangement (provides info about muscle action) - -4 of them:
circular, parallel, convergent, pennate (unipennate, bipennate, multipennate)
- what does a muscle can only pull mean? - --when muscles contract, it get
shorter so pulls on bone
-when relaxes goes back to normal size
-muscles work in pairs to move a joint
- A muscle that crosses on the anterior side of a joint produces - -flexion
, - a muscle that crosses on the posterior side produces - -extension
- a muscle that crosses on the lateral side produces - -abduction
- a muscle that crosses on the medial side produces - -adduction
- rectus - -straight
- subclavian artery (UE) - --major branch is the thyrocervical trunk,
supplying the neck, shoulders, and upper back
- thyrocervical trunk - -has two major branches, the suprascapular artery
supplying the supraspinatus and infraspinatus, and the dorsal scapular artery
supplying the levator scapulae, rhomboids, and trapezius muscles
--supplies the neck, shoulders and upper back
- suprascapular artery - -supplying the supraspinatus and infraspinatus
- dorsal scapular artery - -supplying the levator scapulae, rhomboids, and
trapezius muscles
- subclavian artery becomes.... - -axillary artery at the lateral border of the
first rib
- axillary artery becomes... - -brachial artery at inferior border of teres
major
- brachial artery divides into... - -radial artery and ulnar artery in the cubital
fossa
- brachial artery - -Continuation of the axillary artery in the brachium
-supplies anterior arm
-deep brachial artery: supplies posterior arm (traceps brachii)
-in the cubital fossa, divides into the radial, ulnar, and palmar arches arteries
- radial artery - -Formed at the brachial artery's bifurcation; parallels the
radius; gives off smaller branches until it reaches the carpal region where it
fuses with the ulnar artery to form the superficial and deep palmar arches;
supplies blood to lateral forearm and hand
- ulnar artery - -Formed at the brachial artery's bifurcation; parallels the
ulna; gives off smaller branches until it reaches the carpal region where it
fuses with the radial artery to form the superficial and deep palmar arches;
supplies blood to medial forearm and hand
Madison|334 Complete Q’s and A’s
articular surface - -where two bone surfaces come together, forming a joint,
they conform to eachother (ex: one rounded and the other one cupped)
- Condyle - -Large rounded articular surface
- facet - -flat articular surface
- head - -Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
- neck - -Narrowed region next to the head
- trochlea - -smooth spool-shaped surface
- crest - -Narrow prominent ridge of bone
- epicondyle - -A raised area on or above a condyle
- line - -Narrow ridge of bone
- process - -bony prominence
- spine - -Sharp, slender projection
- trochanter - -Very large, irregularly shaped process
- tubercle - -Small rounded projection or process
- tuberosity - -Large rounded projection, may be roughened
- Opening and depressions - -for passage of blood vessels and nerves
- tendon/ligament attatchments - -typically project at least a small amount
above the surface of bone; larger the attachment site, the greater the force
transmitted through the attatchment
- fossa - -Shallow basin-like depression
- sulcus - -a larger groove
- notch - -Indentation at the edge of a bone
,- foramen - -Round or oval hole through a bone
- canal - -elongated passage in bone
- fissure - -slit through bone
- fovea - -small pit
- origin - -proximal attachment of a muscle; stays stable
- insertion - -distal attachment of a muscle; moves while muscle contracts
- agonist - -the muscle that is acting to complete a particular movement.
- primer mover - -the agonist muscle that is most responsible for
completing that specific movement (psoas major)
- antagonist - -a muscle with an action that opposes the action of the
agonist (ex: the triceps brachii is the antagonist to the muscles that flex the
elbow because the triceps brachii acts to extend the elbow)
-muscles in opposing compartments
- synergist - -a muscle that assists with a particular movement
-two agonists can be this together
-can stabilize a joint
-contributor, stabilizer, fixator, neutralizer
-muscles in same compartment
- if the muscle fibers are longer... - -then the greater range of motion for the
muscle
- if the muscles have a larger cross-sectional area... - -then they can
produce more force
- muscles with opposite actions.... - -lie on opposite sides of a joint
- fascicle arrangement (provides info about muscle action) - -4 of them:
circular, parallel, convergent, pennate (unipennate, bipennate, multipennate)
- what does a muscle can only pull mean? - --when muscles contract, it get
shorter so pulls on bone
-when relaxes goes back to normal size
-muscles work in pairs to move a joint
- A muscle that crosses on the anterior side of a joint produces - -flexion
, - a muscle that crosses on the posterior side produces - -extension
- a muscle that crosses on the lateral side produces - -abduction
- a muscle that crosses on the medial side produces - -adduction
- rectus - -straight
- subclavian artery (UE) - --major branch is the thyrocervical trunk,
supplying the neck, shoulders, and upper back
- thyrocervical trunk - -has two major branches, the suprascapular artery
supplying the supraspinatus and infraspinatus, and the dorsal scapular artery
supplying the levator scapulae, rhomboids, and trapezius muscles
--supplies the neck, shoulders and upper back
- suprascapular artery - -supplying the supraspinatus and infraspinatus
- dorsal scapular artery - -supplying the levator scapulae, rhomboids, and
trapezius muscles
- subclavian artery becomes.... - -axillary artery at the lateral border of the
first rib
- axillary artery becomes... - -brachial artery at inferior border of teres
major
- brachial artery divides into... - -radial artery and ulnar artery in the cubital
fossa
- brachial artery - -Continuation of the axillary artery in the brachium
-supplies anterior arm
-deep brachial artery: supplies posterior arm (traceps brachii)
-in the cubital fossa, divides into the radial, ulnar, and palmar arches arteries
- radial artery - -Formed at the brachial artery's bifurcation; parallels the
radius; gives off smaller branches until it reaches the carpal region where it
fuses with the ulnar artery to form the superficial and deep palmar arches;
supplies blood to lateral forearm and hand
- ulnar artery - -Formed at the brachial artery's bifurcation; parallels the
ulna; gives off smaller branches until it reaches the carpal region where it
fuses with the radial artery to form the superficial and deep palmar arches;
supplies blood to medial forearm and hand
