wvc peds lecture
wvc peds lecture Visser / Actual Exam
Terms & Verified Definitions / 2025-2026.
Question Answer
– increase in physical size or a quantitative
Growth
change
– increase in skill or ability to function
Development
(qualitative change or maturation)
Genetic; Gender; Race & nationality;
Factors Influencing Growth &
Intelligence; Health; Environmental
Development
Influences.
Continuous process from conception to
death; Proceeds in orderly fashion;
Predictable stages occur, but @ different
Principles of Growth & Development
rates/times; Body systems do not develop @
same rate (Cephalocaudal &Proximal to distal
body parts)
Growth Proceeds from gross to refined skills
Child practices complicated, stressful process
Play is the work of the child of living, communicating & achieving
satisfactory relationships w/ others; Play is
, the universal language of the child
Sensitive; Understanding; Accepting;
Role of adult in play is to be
Facilitator of opportunities for play
8 tasks; divided into stages of development;
described in terms of a positive or negative
Erickson’s Theory of Psychosocial
resolution; Actual resolution of a specific
Development Each state has specific
conflict lies somewhere along a continuum
central conflict or developmental task
between a perfect positive & a perfect
negative
Infant: trust vs mistrust/ toddler: autonomy
vs shame/ preschool l: initiative vs. guilt/
Erickson’s stages are
School-age: industry vs inferiority/
adolescent: identity vs. role confusion.
learns by doing, reflexive behavior, object
Paiget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
permanence….(if mom steps out of room
Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
child thinks mom is gone)
egocentric abstract ideas, reality based,
Paiget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
magical thinking, beginning cause/effect
Preoperational (2-7 years)
reasoning, uses symbols
Paiget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
Classify; Collect; Master facts
Concrete operational (7-12 years)
Paiget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
Abstract ideas; Reality based
Formal operational (>12 years)
Oral (0-1 yr); Anal (1-3 yr); Phallic (3-6 yr). Id
Freud’s Theory of Psychosexual
w/ parent of opposite sex (By end of stage, id
, w/ parent of same sex); Latency (6 -12 yr).
Provide privacy. (Calm before storm); Genital
Development
(12-18 yr). Focus on genital function &
relationships.
Communication is a set of behaviors (verbal
and nonverbal) by which one individual
Principles of Communicating with
consciously or unconsciously affects another/
Children Key Concepts
Children are more similar to adults in feelings;
less similar to adults in thinking.
Nurse must learn to understand and to
When communicating with children convey understanding of child’s experiences
from his point of view.
Perceived as more believable than verbal
behavior in conveying messages; Tactile
Children view Nonverbal Behavior as :
stimuli seen as most important in conveying
care for a person
Nurse’s interest conveyed by: wearing
something other than all white; planning
Children make judgments on who you are movements; opportunity to observe;
through nonverbal cues explaining info before touching them;
maintaining eye level communication;
keeping soft, even voice; interested face.
Necessary to enhance complete
Combination of verbal & nonverbal communication Requires active listening &
behaviors observation; Requires stimulation of varied
sensory receptors
Truthful, concise, relevant messages Give positive “Do” messages versus “Don’t”;
Offer TRUE choices; NEVER make promises
wvc peds lecture Visser / Actual Exam
Terms & Verified Definitions / 2025-2026.
Question Answer
– increase in physical size or a quantitative
Growth
change
– increase in skill or ability to function
Development
(qualitative change or maturation)
Genetic; Gender; Race & nationality;
Factors Influencing Growth &
Intelligence; Health; Environmental
Development
Influences.
Continuous process from conception to
death; Proceeds in orderly fashion;
Predictable stages occur, but @ different
Principles of Growth & Development
rates/times; Body systems do not develop @
same rate (Cephalocaudal &Proximal to distal
body parts)
Growth Proceeds from gross to refined skills
Child practices complicated, stressful process
Play is the work of the child of living, communicating & achieving
satisfactory relationships w/ others; Play is
, the universal language of the child
Sensitive; Understanding; Accepting;
Role of adult in play is to be
Facilitator of opportunities for play
8 tasks; divided into stages of development;
described in terms of a positive or negative
Erickson’s Theory of Psychosocial
resolution; Actual resolution of a specific
Development Each state has specific
conflict lies somewhere along a continuum
central conflict or developmental task
between a perfect positive & a perfect
negative
Infant: trust vs mistrust/ toddler: autonomy
vs shame/ preschool l: initiative vs. guilt/
Erickson’s stages are
School-age: industry vs inferiority/
adolescent: identity vs. role confusion.
learns by doing, reflexive behavior, object
Paiget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
permanence….(if mom steps out of room
Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
child thinks mom is gone)
egocentric abstract ideas, reality based,
Paiget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
magical thinking, beginning cause/effect
Preoperational (2-7 years)
reasoning, uses symbols
Paiget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
Classify; Collect; Master facts
Concrete operational (7-12 years)
Paiget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
Abstract ideas; Reality based
Formal operational (>12 years)
Oral (0-1 yr); Anal (1-3 yr); Phallic (3-6 yr). Id
Freud’s Theory of Psychosexual
w/ parent of opposite sex (By end of stage, id
, w/ parent of same sex); Latency (6 -12 yr).
Provide privacy. (Calm before storm); Genital
Development
(12-18 yr). Focus on genital function &
relationships.
Communication is a set of behaviors (verbal
and nonverbal) by which one individual
Principles of Communicating with
consciously or unconsciously affects another/
Children Key Concepts
Children are more similar to adults in feelings;
less similar to adults in thinking.
Nurse must learn to understand and to
When communicating with children convey understanding of child’s experiences
from his point of view.
Perceived as more believable than verbal
behavior in conveying messages; Tactile
Children view Nonverbal Behavior as :
stimuli seen as most important in conveying
care for a person
Nurse’s interest conveyed by: wearing
something other than all white; planning
Children make judgments on who you are movements; opportunity to observe;
through nonverbal cues explaining info before touching them;
maintaining eye level communication;
keeping soft, even voice; interested face.
Necessary to enhance complete
Combination of verbal & nonverbal communication Requires active listening &
behaviors observation; Requires stimulation of varied
sensory receptors
Truthful, concise, relevant messages Give positive “Do” messages versus “Don’t”;
Offer TRUE choices; NEVER make promises
