PHARM EXAM 2: NSG124
PHARMACOLOGY, 2025/2026
(HERZING UNIVERSITY) WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
What are the disadvantages of antibiotic combinations? -
CORRECT ANSWERS- Increased risk of toxic and allergic
reactions, possible antagonisms of antimicrobial effects,
increased risk of superinfections, selection of drug-resistant
bacteria, and increased cost
What percentage of antibiotics in the United States are
administered for prophylaxis (to prevent an infection rather than
to treat one)? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 30% to 50%
What are the indications for prophylaxis use of an antibiotic? -
CORRECT ANSWERS- Surgery
Bacterial endocarditis
Neutropenia
Recurrent urinary tract infection
Influenza
Severe rheumatic endocarditis
Exposure to organisms responsible for sexually transmitted
diseases
, What infections are antibiotics commonly misused for? - CORRECT
ANSWERS- Common cold
Bronchitis
Sore throat
Sinusitis
Describe the mechanism of action of penicillins. - CORRECT
ANSWERS- Penicillins weaken the cell wall, causing bacteria to
take up excessive amounts of water and rupture.
Under what two actions does penicillins weaken cell walls? -
CORRECT ANSWERS- Inhibition of transpeptidases
Disinhibition (activation) of autolysins
Are penicillins generally bactericidal or bateriostatic? - CORRECT
ANSWERS- Bactericidal
What are the four categories of penicillins? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Narrow spectrum penicillins that are penicillinase sensitive
Narrow spectrum penicillins that are penicillinase resistant
Broad spectrum penicillins
Extended spectrum penicillins
PHARMACOLOGY, 2025/2026
(HERZING UNIVERSITY) WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
What are the disadvantages of antibiotic combinations? -
CORRECT ANSWERS- Increased risk of toxic and allergic
reactions, possible antagonisms of antimicrobial effects,
increased risk of superinfections, selection of drug-resistant
bacteria, and increased cost
What percentage of antibiotics in the United States are
administered for prophylaxis (to prevent an infection rather than
to treat one)? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 30% to 50%
What are the indications for prophylaxis use of an antibiotic? -
CORRECT ANSWERS- Surgery
Bacterial endocarditis
Neutropenia
Recurrent urinary tract infection
Influenza
Severe rheumatic endocarditis
Exposure to organisms responsible for sexually transmitted
diseases
, What infections are antibiotics commonly misused for? - CORRECT
ANSWERS- Common cold
Bronchitis
Sore throat
Sinusitis
Describe the mechanism of action of penicillins. - CORRECT
ANSWERS- Penicillins weaken the cell wall, causing bacteria to
take up excessive amounts of water and rupture.
Under what two actions does penicillins weaken cell walls? -
CORRECT ANSWERS- Inhibition of transpeptidases
Disinhibition (activation) of autolysins
Are penicillins generally bactericidal or bateriostatic? - CORRECT
ANSWERS- Bactericidal
What are the four categories of penicillins? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Narrow spectrum penicillins that are penicillinase sensitive
Narrow spectrum penicillins that are penicillinase resistant
Broad spectrum penicillins
Extended spectrum penicillins
