DASLE MN State Exam
Clinical Crown - ANS -That portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity
Oral prophylaxis - ANS -The complete removal of calculus, debris, stain, and plaque
from the teeth.
DH and DDS allowed
Selective Polishing - ANS -a procedure in which only those teeth or surfaces with stain
are polished
Purpose is to avoid unnecessary removal of even small amounts of surface enamel
Indications for Coronal Polishing - ANS -- Before placement of dental sealants - Before
placement of dental dam - Before cementation of orthodontic bands - before cementation
of crowns and bridges - before application of acid etching solution (if indicated by
manufacturer)
Contraindications for Coronal Polishing - ANS -- when no stains are present - patients
who are high risk for dental caries (ex: bottle caries, root caries, thin demineralization
enamel) - sensitive teeth - newly erupted teeth B/C mineralization of tooth surface maybe
incomplete
Endogenous stains - ANS -Stains developed from within the structure of the tooth
Example: Excessive amount of fluoride during tooth formation, medications taken by the
mother or the child during tooth development (Tetracycline)
CANNOT be removed by polishing
Exogenous Stain - ANS -originates from sources outside the tooth and are caused by
environmental agents.
Extrinsic Stain - ANS -appear on the exterior of the tooth, and CAN be removed by
polishing
Examples: Food, Drink, Tobacco
,Intrinsic Stain - ANS -Caused by environmental agents but CANNOT be removed
because the stain has become incorporated into the structure of the tooth.
Examples: Amalgam tattoo, smoking, chewing, or dipping
Extrinsic Stain Examples - ANS -black stain, brown stain, yellow stain, tobacco stain,
green stain, dental plaque agents, food and drink, Nasmyth's membrane
Intrinsic Stain Examples - ANS -Pulpless teeth, Tetracycline antibiotics, dental fluorosis,
imperfect tooth development, silver amalgam
Two methods of stain removal - ANS -Air-powder polishing and rubber cup polishing
Rubber cup polishing - ANS -A technique that is used to remove plaque and stains from
the coronal surfaces of the teeth. Most common
Polishing cups - ANS -Soft, webbed polishing cups are used to clean and polish the
smooth surfaces of the teeth.
Bristle Brushes - ANS -made from either natural or synthetic materials, may be used to
remove stains from deep pits and fissures of the enamel surfaces
Grasping the handpiece - ANS -Pen grasp
fulcrum - ANS -provides stability for the operator and must be placed in such a way to
allow movement of the wrist and forearm.
Abrasives (cleaning and polishing agents) - ANS -extra coarse, coarse, medium, fine,
extra fine
the coarser the agent, the greater is the abrasion to the surface
What prophy paste is not recommended for esthetic restorations? - ANS -regular prophy
paste
Low-abrasive pastes such as micron-fine sapphire or diamond paste or aluminum oxide
paste should be used for restorations.
Factors that influence the rate of abrasion - ANS -The more agent used, the greater the
degree of abrasion.
The lighter the pressure, the less abrasion.
The slower the rotation of the cup, the less abrasion.
, Sequence of Polishing - ANS -Aesthetic and porcelain restorations should be polished
first
Operators preference
flossing after polishing - ANS -polish the inter proximal tooth surfaces and remove any
abrasive agent or debris that may be lodged in the contact area
Evaluation of polishing - ANS --after tooth surfaces have been dried with air, no
disclosing agent remains,
-teeth are glossy and reflect light from the mirror
-no evidence of trauma to the gingival margins or to any other soft tissues
Topical Anesthetic - ANS -provides a temporary numbing effect on nerve endings
located on the surface of the oral mucosa
Active ingredients in topical medications - ANS -benzocaine, lidocaine
available in ointments, liquids, sprays, and patches
How long do you leave the topical anesthetic on the tissue? - ANS -Minimum 15-30
seconds
Maximum 1-2 minutes
spray topical anesthetics - ANS -applied to larger surface areas of tissues
Useful when applied in the back of the throat, in patients with a strong gag reflex
patch topical anesthetics - ANS -when placed, provides topical anesthesia in 10 seconds
Placed where a local anesthetic injection will go
Useful for alleviation of discomfort from denture sores or oral ulcers
Injection sites - ANS -ASA, MSA, PSA, infiltration, mandibular nerve block, buccal nerve
block, lingual nerve block, mental nerve block, incisive nerve block, nasopalatine nerve
block, greater palatine nerve block
Duration - ANS -time span, an example is the first sign of numbness from anesthesia to
complete feeling
Induction - ANS -time from injection to effective anesthesia
Clinical Crown - ANS -That portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity
Oral prophylaxis - ANS -The complete removal of calculus, debris, stain, and plaque
from the teeth.
DH and DDS allowed
Selective Polishing - ANS -a procedure in which only those teeth or surfaces with stain
are polished
Purpose is to avoid unnecessary removal of even small amounts of surface enamel
Indications for Coronal Polishing - ANS -- Before placement of dental sealants - Before
placement of dental dam - Before cementation of orthodontic bands - before cementation
of crowns and bridges - before application of acid etching solution (if indicated by
manufacturer)
Contraindications for Coronal Polishing - ANS -- when no stains are present - patients
who are high risk for dental caries (ex: bottle caries, root caries, thin demineralization
enamel) - sensitive teeth - newly erupted teeth B/C mineralization of tooth surface maybe
incomplete
Endogenous stains - ANS -Stains developed from within the structure of the tooth
Example: Excessive amount of fluoride during tooth formation, medications taken by the
mother or the child during tooth development (Tetracycline)
CANNOT be removed by polishing
Exogenous Stain - ANS -originates from sources outside the tooth and are caused by
environmental agents.
Extrinsic Stain - ANS -appear on the exterior of the tooth, and CAN be removed by
polishing
Examples: Food, Drink, Tobacco
,Intrinsic Stain - ANS -Caused by environmental agents but CANNOT be removed
because the stain has become incorporated into the structure of the tooth.
Examples: Amalgam tattoo, smoking, chewing, or dipping
Extrinsic Stain Examples - ANS -black stain, brown stain, yellow stain, tobacco stain,
green stain, dental plaque agents, food and drink, Nasmyth's membrane
Intrinsic Stain Examples - ANS -Pulpless teeth, Tetracycline antibiotics, dental fluorosis,
imperfect tooth development, silver amalgam
Two methods of stain removal - ANS -Air-powder polishing and rubber cup polishing
Rubber cup polishing - ANS -A technique that is used to remove plaque and stains from
the coronal surfaces of the teeth. Most common
Polishing cups - ANS -Soft, webbed polishing cups are used to clean and polish the
smooth surfaces of the teeth.
Bristle Brushes - ANS -made from either natural or synthetic materials, may be used to
remove stains from deep pits and fissures of the enamel surfaces
Grasping the handpiece - ANS -Pen grasp
fulcrum - ANS -provides stability for the operator and must be placed in such a way to
allow movement of the wrist and forearm.
Abrasives (cleaning and polishing agents) - ANS -extra coarse, coarse, medium, fine,
extra fine
the coarser the agent, the greater is the abrasion to the surface
What prophy paste is not recommended for esthetic restorations? - ANS -regular prophy
paste
Low-abrasive pastes such as micron-fine sapphire or diamond paste or aluminum oxide
paste should be used for restorations.
Factors that influence the rate of abrasion - ANS -The more agent used, the greater the
degree of abrasion.
The lighter the pressure, the less abrasion.
The slower the rotation of the cup, the less abrasion.
, Sequence of Polishing - ANS -Aesthetic and porcelain restorations should be polished
first
Operators preference
flossing after polishing - ANS -polish the inter proximal tooth surfaces and remove any
abrasive agent or debris that may be lodged in the contact area
Evaluation of polishing - ANS --after tooth surfaces have been dried with air, no
disclosing agent remains,
-teeth are glossy and reflect light from the mirror
-no evidence of trauma to the gingival margins or to any other soft tissues
Topical Anesthetic - ANS -provides a temporary numbing effect on nerve endings
located on the surface of the oral mucosa
Active ingredients in topical medications - ANS -benzocaine, lidocaine
available in ointments, liquids, sprays, and patches
How long do you leave the topical anesthetic on the tissue? - ANS -Minimum 15-30
seconds
Maximum 1-2 minutes
spray topical anesthetics - ANS -applied to larger surface areas of tissues
Useful when applied in the back of the throat, in patients with a strong gag reflex
patch topical anesthetics - ANS -when placed, provides topical anesthesia in 10 seconds
Placed where a local anesthetic injection will go
Useful for alleviation of discomfort from denture sores or oral ulcers
Injection sites - ANS -ASA, MSA, PSA, infiltration, mandibular nerve block, buccal nerve
block, lingual nerve block, mental nerve block, incisive nerve block, nasopalatine nerve
block, greater palatine nerve block
Duration - ANS -time span, an example is the first sign of numbness from anesthesia to
complete feeling
Induction - ANS -time from injection to effective anesthesia
