HEENT QUIZBANK WITH LATEST AND
VERIFIED PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A+ GRADED.
Which of the following pathogens is the most common bacterial cause of
otitis media?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus pneumoniae
The most common bacterial cause is Streptococcus pneumoniae,
though Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae are also common
bacterial causes.
Acute Otitis Media
Patient will be an infant or young child
Ear pain, fever, URI symptoms
PE will show TM erythema and decreased mobility of TM
Most common bacteria isolated: H. influenza (nontypable)
(previously S. pneumoniae but has decreased post-PCV13 vaccination)
Treatment is amoxicillin; consider amoxicillin-clavulanate in adults due to
drug resistance
Consider period of observation if ≥ 2 years and immunocompetent with mild
symptoms
,A 55-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider for an annual
exam with no complaints. Chart review reveals her vision prescription has
changed every year for the last five years. She also reports her peripheral
vision is getting worse. On fundoscopic exam, she has exam findings
concerning for open-angle glaucoma. Which of the following findings is
most consistent with this diagnosis?
Cotton-wool spots
Cupping
Drusen
Papilledema
Cupping
Open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma found in
patients of European or African American descent. In addition to race and
elevated IOP, other important risk factors for open-angle glaucoma
include age and family history. The cause of this condition is not well
understood. Possible mechanisms are increased aqueous production or
decreased aqueous outflow which likely increases the IOP. Ultimately,
elevated IOP results in nerve damage, loss of retinal ganglion and loss of
cell axons and leads to progressive vision loss. Because loss of vision is
typically bilateral, gradual, and painless and central vision is only
compromised in advanced disease, most patients are asymptomatic on
presentation, unlike with acute-angle glaucoma in which patients are likely to
complain of decreased vision, eye pain, halos around lights, headaches,
nausea and vomiting.
“Cupping” describes when the optic nerve “disk” has a hollowed-out
appearance, like looking down into a cup. A cup diameter that exceeds
50% of the vertical disk diameter is highly suggestive of glaucoma.
Which of the following diagnostic tests is used to confirm the diagnosis of
infectious mononucleosis?
Heterophile antibody test
,Rapid antigen detection test
Throat culture
Tzanck smear
Heterophile antibody test
Infectious Mononucleosis
-Patient presents with low-grade fever, headache, malaise, severe fatigue
-PE will show mildly tender lymphadenopathy involving the posterior cervical
chain, hepatosplenomegaly
-Diagnosis is made by heterophile antibody test (mononuclear spot test) or a
generalized maculopapular rash following administration of amoxicillin
-Most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus
-Treatment is self-limiting, refrain from contact sports for 4 weeks postinfection
TREAT with DECADRON, max dose is 10mg!!!
Right optic tract
This patient is experiencing left homonymous hemianopsia due to a lesion
along the right optic tract.
A patient presents with the visual field defect seen above. Which of the
following best describes the location of the lesion along the optic pathway?
Left optic tract
Optic chiasm
Right optic nerve
Right optic tract
A 19-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining of sore throat,
extreme fatigue, and muscle pain for the past three days. She denies fever.
She lives in the dorms at her college campus and states that several of her
dormmates have complained of the same symptoms. Physical exam
reveals a slightly erythematous pharynx with multiple petechiae to the
posterior palate and tender lymphadenopathy noted to the posterior
, cervical chain. Which of the following is the underlying cause of infectious
mononucleosis?
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein-Barr virus
Group A streptococcus
Influenza A
Epstein-Barr virus
Infectious Mononucleosis
Patient presents with low-grade fever, headache, malaise, severe fatigue
PE will show mildly tender lymphadenopathy involving the posterior cervical
chain, hepatosplenomegaly
Diagnosis is made by heterophile antibody test (mononuclear spot test) or a
generalized maculopapular rash following administration of amoxicillin
Most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus
Treatment is self-limiting, refrain from contact sports for 4 weeks
postinfectionInfectious Mononucleosis
-Patient presents with low-grade fever, headache, malaise, severe fatigue
-PE will show mildly tender lymphadenopathy involving the posterior cervical
chain, hepatosplenomegaly
-Diagnosis is made by heterophile antibody test (mononuclear spot test) or a
generalized maculopapular rash following administration of amoxicillin
-Most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus
-Treatment is self-limiting, refrain from contact sports for 4 weeks postinfection
A 55-year-old man presents with a painless white patch on the dorsal
surface of the tongue that cannot be scraped off. Which of the following is
the most likely diagnosis?
VERIFIED PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS A+ GRADED.
Which of the following pathogens is the most common bacterial cause of
otitis media?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus pneumoniae
The most common bacterial cause is Streptococcus pneumoniae,
though Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae are also common
bacterial causes.
Acute Otitis Media
Patient will be an infant or young child
Ear pain, fever, URI symptoms
PE will show TM erythema and decreased mobility of TM
Most common bacteria isolated: H. influenza (nontypable)
(previously S. pneumoniae but has decreased post-PCV13 vaccination)
Treatment is amoxicillin; consider amoxicillin-clavulanate in adults due to
drug resistance
Consider period of observation if ≥ 2 years and immunocompetent with mild
symptoms
,A 55-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider for an annual
exam with no complaints. Chart review reveals her vision prescription has
changed every year for the last five years. She also reports her peripheral
vision is getting worse. On fundoscopic exam, she has exam findings
concerning for open-angle glaucoma. Which of the following findings is
most consistent with this diagnosis?
Cotton-wool spots
Cupping
Drusen
Papilledema
Cupping
Open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma found in
patients of European or African American descent. In addition to race and
elevated IOP, other important risk factors for open-angle glaucoma
include age and family history. The cause of this condition is not well
understood. Possible mechanisms are increased aqueous production or
decreased aqueous outflow which likely increases the IOP. Ultimately,
elevated IOP results in nerve damage, loss of retinal ganglion and loss of
cell axons and leads to progressive vision loss. Because loss of vision is
typically bilateral, gradual, and painless and central vision is only
compromised in advanced disease, most patients are asymptomatic on
presentation, unlike with acute-angle glaucoma in which patients are likely to
complain of decreased vision, eye pain, halos around lights, headaches,
nausea and vomiting.
“Cupping” describes when the optic nerve “disk” has a hollowed-out
appearance, like looking down into a cup. A cup diameter that exceeds
50% of the vertical disk diameter is highly suggestive of glaucoma.
Which of the following diagnostic tests is used to confirm the diagnosis of
infectious mononucleosis?
Heterophile antibody test
,Rapid antigen detection test
Throat culture
Tzanck smear
Heterophile antibody test
Infectious Mononucleosis
-Patient presents with low-grade fever, headache, malaise, severe fatigue
-PE will show mildly tender lymphadenopathy involving the posterior cervical
chain, hepatosplenomegaly
-Diagnosis is made by heterophile antibody test (mononuclear spot test) or a
generalized maculopapular rash following administration of amoxicillin
-Most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus
-Treatment is self-limiting, refrain from contact sports for 4 weeks postinfection
TREAT with DECADRON, max dose is 10mg!!!
Right optic tract
This patient is experiencing left homonymous hemianopsia due to a lesion
along the right optic tract.
A patient presents with the visual field defect seen above. Which of the
following best describes the location of the lesion along the optic pathway?
Left optic tract
Optic chiasm
Right optic nerve
Right optic tract
A 19-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining of sore throat,
extreme fatigue, and muscle pain for the past three days. She denies fever.
She lives in the dorms at her college campus and states that several of her
dormmates have complained of the same symptoms. Physical exam
reveals a slightly erythematous pharynx with multiple petechiae to the
posterior palate and tender lymphadenopathy noted to the posterior
, cervical chain. Which of the following is the underlying cause of infectious
mononucleosis?
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein-Barr virus
Group A streptococcus
Influenza A
Epstein-Barr virus
Infectious Mononucleosis
Patient presents with low-grade fever, headache, malaise, severe fatigue
PE will show mildly tender lymphadenopathy involving the posterior cervical
chain, hepatosplenomegaly
Diagnosis is made by heterophile antibody test (mononuclear spot test) or a
generalized maculopapular rash following administration of amoxicillin
Most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus
Treatment is self-limiting, refrain from contact sports for 4 weeks
postinfectionInfectious Mononucleosis
-Patient presents with low-grade fever, headache, malaise, severe fatigue
-PE will show mildly tender lymphadenopathy involving the posterior cervical
chain, hepatosplenomegaly
-Diagnosis is made by heterophile antibody test (mononuclear spot test) or a
generalized maculopapular rash following administration of amoxicillin
-Most commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus
-Treatment is self-limiting, refrain from contact sports for 4 weeks postinfection
A 55-year-old man presents with a painless white patch on the dorsal
surface of the tongue that cannot be scraped off. Which of the following is
the most likely diagnosis?
