NURS 305 Exam 4 Solution Manual Fully Solved Latest Update 2025
A nurse explains the function of the alveoli to a patient with respiratory problems. Which information
about the alveoli's function will the nurse share with the patient?
A. Carries out gas exchange.
B. Regulates tidal volume.
C. Produces hemoglobin.
D. Stores oxygen. - Answers A. Carries out gas exchange.
A nurse auscultates heart sounds. When the nurse hears S2, which valves is the nurse hearing close?
A. Aortic and mitral
B. Mitral and tricuspid
C. Aortic and pulmonic
D. Mitral and pulmonic - Answers C. Aortic and pulmonic
The nurse is teaching about the process of exchanging gases through the alveolar capillary membrane.
Which term will the nurse use to describe this process?
A. Ventilation
B. Surfactant
C. Perfusion
D. Diffusion - Answers D. Diffusion
A nurse is caring for a patient who was in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in cervical trauma to C4.
Which assessment is the priority?
A. Pulse
B. Respirations
C. Temperature
,D. Blood pressure - Answers B. Respirations
The patient is breathing normally. Which process does the nurse consider is working properly when the
patient inspires?
A. Stimulation of chemical receptors in the aorta
B. Reduction of arterial oxygen saturation levels
C. Requirement of elastic recoil lung properties
D. Enhancement of accessory muscle usage - Answers A. Stimulation of chemical receptors in the aorta
The home health nurse recommends that a patient with respiratory problems install a carbon monoxide
detector in the home. What is the rationale for the nurse's action?
A. Carbon monoxide detectors are required by law in the home.
B. Carbon monoxide tightly binds to hemoglobin, causing hypoxia.
C. Carbon monoxide signals the cerebral cortex to cease ventilations.
D. Carbon monoxide combines with oxygen in the body and produces a deadly toxin. - Answers B.
Carbon monoxide tightly binds to hemoglobin, causing hypoxia.
While performing an assessment, the nurse hears crackles in the patient's lung fields. The nurse also
learns that the patient is sleeping on three pillows to help with the difficulty breathing during the night.
Which condition will the nurse most likely observe written in the patient's medical record?
A. Atrial fibrillation
B. Myocardial ischemia
C. Left-sided heart failure
D. Right-sided heart failure - Answers C. Left-sided heart failure
A patient has experienced a myocardial infarction. On which primary blood vessel will the nurse focus
care to reduce ischemia?
A. Superior vena cava
,B. Pulmonary artery
C. Coronary artery
D. Carotid artery - Answers C. Coronary artery
A nurse is teaching a health class about the heart. Which information from the class members indicates
teaching by the nurse is successful for the flow of blood through the heart, starting in the right atrium?
A. Right ventricle, left ventricle, left atrium
B. Left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
C. Right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
D. Left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle - Answers C. Right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
The nurse suspects the patient has increased cardiac afterload. Which piece of equipment should the
nurse obtain to determine the presence of this condition?
A. Pulse oximeter
B. Oxygen cannula
C. Blood pressure cuff
D. Yankauer suction tip catheter - Answers C. Blood pressure cuff
A patient has been diagnosed with heart failure and cardiac output is decreased. Which formula can the
nurse use to calculate cardiac output?
A. Myocardial contractility × myocardial blood flow
B. Ventricular filling time/diastolic filling time
C. Stroke volume × heart rate
D. Preload/afterload - Answers C. Stroke volume × heart rate
A patient's heart rate increased from 94 to 164 beats/min. What will the nurse expect as a result?
A. Increase in diastolic filling time
, B. Decrease in hemoglobin level
C. Decrease in cardiac output
D. Increase in stroke volume - Answers C. Decrease in cardiac output
Which determination is the nurse trying to achieve by monitoring a patient's cardiac output?
A. Peripheral extremity circulation
B. Oxygenation requirements
C. Presence of cardiac dysrhythmias
D. Ventilation status - Answers A. Peripheral extremity circulation
A nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient should the nurse see first?
A. A patient with hypercapnia wearing an oxygen mask
B. A patient with a chest tube ambulating with the chest tube unclamped
C. A patient with thick secretions being tracheal suctioned first and then orally
D. A patient with a new tracheostomy and tracheostomy obturator at bedside - Answers A. A patient
with hypercapnia wearing an oxygen mask
A patient has inadequate stroke volume related to decreased preload. Which treatment does the nurse
prepare to administer?
A. Diuretics
B. Vasodilators
C. Chest physiotherapy
D. Intravenous (IV) fluids - Answers D. Intravenous (IV) fluids
A nurse is preparing to suction a patient. The pulse is 65 and pulse oximetry is 94%. Which finding will
cause the nurse to stop suctioning?
A. Pulse 75
A nurse explains the function of the alveoli to a patient with respiratory problems. Which information
about the alveoli's function will the nurse share with the patient?
A. Carries out gas exchange.
B. Regulates tidal volume.
C. Produces hemoglobin.
D. Stores oxygen. - Answers A. Carries out gas exchange.
A nurse auscultates heart sounds. When the nurse hears S2, which valves is the nurse hearing close?
A. Aortic and mitral
B. Mitral and tricuspid
C. Aortic and pulmonic
D. Mitral and pulmonic - Answers C. Aortic and pulmonic
The nurse is teaching about the process of exchanging gases through the alveolar capillary membrane.
Which term will the nurse use to describe this process?
A. Ventilation
B. Surfactant
C. Perfusion
D. Diffusion - Answers D. Diffusion
A nurse is caring for a patient who was in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in cervical trauma to C4.
Which assessment is the priority?
A. Pulse
B. Respirations
C. Temperature
,D. Blood pressure - Answers B. Respirations
The patient is breathing normally. Which process does the nurse consider is working properly when the
patient inspires?
A. Stimulation of chemical receptors in the aorta
B. Reduction of arterial oxygen saturation levels
C. Requirement of elastic recoil lung properties
D. Enhancement of accessory muscle usage - Answers A. Stimulation of chemical receptors in the aorta
The home health nurse recommends that a patient with respiratory problems install a carbon monoxide
detector in the home. What is the rationale for the nurse's action?
A. Carbon monoxide detectors are required by law in the home.
B. Carbon monoxide tightly binds to hemoglobin, causing hypoxia.
C. Carbon monoxide signals the cerebral cortex to cease ventilations.
D. Carbon monoxide combines with oxygen in the body and produces a deadly toxin. - Answers B.
Carbon monoxide tightly binds to hemoglobin, causing hypoxia.
While performing an assessment, the nurse hears crackles in the patient's lung fields. The nurse also
learns that the patient is sleeping on three pillows to help with the difficulty breathing during the night.
Which condition will the nurse most likely observe written in the patient's medical record?
A. Atrial fibrillation
B. Myocardial ischemia
C. Left-sided heart failure
D. Right-sided heart failure - Answers C. Left-sided heart failure
A patient has experienced a myocardial infarction. On which primary blood vessel will the nurse focus
care to reduce ischemia?
A. Superior vena cava
,B. Pulmonary artery
C. Coronary artery
D. Carotid artery - Answers C. Coronary artery
A nurse is teaching a health class about the heart. Which information from the class members indicates
teaching by the nurse is successful for the flow of blood through the heart, starting in the right atrium?
A. Right ventricle, left ventricle, left atrium
B. Left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
C. Right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
D. Left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle - Answers C. Right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
The nurse suspects the patient has increased cardiac afterload. Which piece of equipment should the
nurse obtain to determine the presence of this condition?
A. Pulse oximeter
B. Oxygen cannula
C. Blood pressure cuff
D. Yankauer suction tip catheter - Answers C. Blood pressure cuff
A patient has been diagnosed with heart failure and cardiac output is decreased. Which formula can the
nurse use to calculate cardiac output?
A. Myocardial contractility × myocardial blood flow
B. Ventricular filling time/diastolic filling time
C. Stroke volume × heart rate
D. Preload/afterload - Answers C. Stroke volume × heart rate
A patient's heart rate increased from 94 to 164 beats/min. What will the nurse expect as a result?
A. Increase in diastolic filling time
, B. Decrease in hemoglobin level
C. Decrease in cardiac output
D. Increase in stroke volume - Answers C. Decrease in cardiac output
Which determination is the nurse trying to achieve by monitoring a patient's cardiac output?
A. Peripheral extremity circulation
B. Oxygenation requirements
C. Presence of cardiac dysrhythmias
D. Ventilation status - Answers A. Peripheral extremity circulation
A nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient should the nurse see first?
A. A patient with hypercapnia wearing an oxygen mask
B. A patient with a chest tube ambulating with the chest tube unclamped
C. A patient with thick secretions being tracheal suctioned first and then orally
D. A patient with a new tracheostomy and tracheostomy obturator at bedside - Answers A. A patient
with hypercapnia wearing an oxygen mask
A patient has inadequate stroke volume related to decreased preload. Which treatment does the nurse
prepare to administer?
A. Diuretics
B. Vasodilators
C. Chest physiotherapy
D. Intravenous (IV) fluids - Answers D. Intravenous (IV) fluids
A nurse is preparing to suction a patient. The pulse is 65 and pulse oximetry is 94%. Which finding will
cause the nurse to stop suctioning?
A. Pulse 75
