Radiation Physics Chapter 2 Questions
and Answers Already Passed
What is the charge and mass of a proton?
✔✔A proton has a positive charge and a mass of approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu).
What is the significance of an electron's energy level?
✔✔The energy level of an electron determines its distance from the nucleus and the amount of
energy it can absorb or emit.
What is the function of the nucleus in an atom?
✔✔The nucleus contains protons and neutrons and holds the atom’s mass, providing the central
core around which electrons revolve.
How does an atom become ionized?
✔✔An atom becomes ionized when it gains or loses electrons, resulting in a net charge.
What is the role of neutrons in the nucleus?
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,✔✔Neutrons add mass to the atom and help stabilize the nucleus by balancing the repulsive
forces between protons.
What is the definition of radiation?
✔✔Radiation is energy that travels through space in the form of particles or electromagnetic
waves.
What is the difference between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation?
✔✔Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms, while non-ionizing
radiation does not.
What are the main types of ionizing radiation?
✔✔The main types of ionizing radiation are alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and X-
rays.
What is the atomic structure of matter?
✔✔The atomic structure consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by
electrons in orbit.
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,What is the energy released during radioactive decay called?
✔✔The energy released during radioactive decay is called radiation, and it can be in the form of
alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays.
What is the unit of measurement for radiation exposure?
✔✔The unit of measurement for radiation exposure is the sievert (Sv) or its subunit, the
millisievert (mSv).
How does gamma radiation differ from X-rays?
✔✔Gamma radiation originates from the nucleus of an atom, while X-rays are generated outside
the nucleus by electron interactions.
What is the principle behind the half-life of a radioactive isotope?
✔✔The half-life is the time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample of a radioactive isotope to
decay.
What is the concept of radioactive decay?
✔✔Radioactive decay is the process by which unstable atomic nuclei lose energy by emitting
radiation in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves.
3
, What are alpha particles made up of?
✔✔Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons, which make them relatively heavy
and positively charged.
How do beta particles interact with matter?
✔✔Beta particles are high-energy, high-speed electrons or positrons that can penetrate materials
more deeply than alpha particles.
What is the energy associated with electromagnetic radiation?
✔✔The energy of electromagnetic radiation is proportional to its frequency, with higher
frequencies having more energy.
How does the wavelength of radiation relate to its energy?
✔✔The shorter the wavelength of radiation, the higher its energy, and the longer the wavelength,
the lower its energy.
What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
✔✔The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 10^8 meters per second.
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and Answers Already Passed
What is the charge and mass of a proton?
✔✔A proton has a positive charge and a mass of approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu).
What is the significance of an electron's energy level?
✔✔The energy level of an electron determines its distance from the nucleus and the amount of
energy it can absorb or emit.
What is the function of the nucleus in an atom?
✔✔The nucleus contains protons and neutrons and holds the atom’s mass, providing the central
core around which electrons revolve.
How does an atom become ionized?
✔✔An atom becomes ionized when it gains or loses electrons, resulting in a net charge.
What is the role of neutrons in the nucleus?
1
,✔✔Neutrons add mass to the atom and help stabilize the nucleus by balancing the repulsive
forces between protons.
What is the definition of radiation?
✔✔Radiation is energy that travels through space in the form of particles or electromagnetic
waves.
What is the difference between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation?
✔✔Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms, while non-ionizing
radiation does not.
What are the main types of ionizing radiation?
✔✔The main types of ionizing radiation are alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and X-
rays.
What is the atomic structure of matter?
✔✔The atomic structure consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by
electrons in orbit.
2
,What is the energy released during radioactive decay called?
✔✔The energy released during radioactive decay is called radiation, and it can be in the form of
alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays.
What is the unit of measurement for radiation exposure?
✔✔The unit of measurement for radiation exposure is the sievert (Sv) or its subunit, the
millisievert (mSv).
How does gamma radiation differ from X-rays?
✔✔Gamma radiation originates from the nucleus of an atom, while X-rays are generated outside
the nucleus by electron interactions.
What is the principle behind the half-life of a radioactive isotope?
✔✔The half-life is the time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample of a radioactive isotope to
decay.
What is the concept of radioactive decay?
✔✔Radioactive decay is the process by which unstable atomic nuclei lose energy by emitting
radiation in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves.
3
, What are alpha particles made up of?
✔✔Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons, which make them relatively heavy
and positively charged.
How do beta particles interact with matter?
✔✔Beta particles are high-energy, high-speed electrons or positrons that can penetrate materials
more deeply than alpha particles.
What is the energy associated with electromagnetic radiation?
✔✔The energy of electromagnetic radiation is proportional to its frequency, with higher
frequencies having more energy.
How does the wavelength of radiation relate to its energy?
✔✔The shorter the wavelength of radiation, the higher its energy, and the longer the wavelength,
the lower its energy.
What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
✔✔The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 10^8 meters per second.
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