ILTS 305 Exam 2 2025/2026 – The Must-Have Study Guide
for High Scores!
Number - basic building block
integer - All whole numbers (both positive and negative) and zero.
prime number - A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.
composite number - A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors.
rational number - A number that can be written as a fraction
irrational number - a number that can NOT be expressed as a ratio of two integers or as a repeating
or terminating decimal - Pi or any square root of an imperfect square are considered irrational
Number line -
absolute value - The distance a number is from zero on a number line
divisor - The number by which another number is divided.
quotient - the answer to a division problem
Parenthesis -
Exponet - number that represents the number of times the base is used as a factor
root - a solution of an equation
perfect square - a square of a whole number
, order of operations - PEMDAS (parenthesis, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition,
Subtraction)
common factor - Any common factor of two or more numbers.
prime factorization - a number written as the product of all its prime factors
GCF (Greatest Common Factor) - the greatest number that is a factor of two or more numbers
least common multiple (LCM) - The smallest multiple (other than zero) that two or more numbers
have in common.
fraction - part of a whole
numerator - the top number in a fraction
denominator - The bottom number in a fraction
equivelent fractions - when one fraction is equal to another.
common denominator - A denominator that is the same in two or more fractions.
Adding and Subtracting Fractions - make denominator same number then add or subtract across
Multiplying Fractions - 1. Multiply the numerators.
2. Multiply the denominators.
Dividing Fractions - To divide fractions, invert the second one and multiply
Multiplying mixed numbers - Change to an improper fraction and multiply; then change the answer,
if in improper form, back to a mixed number and reduce if necessary.
for High Scores!
Number - basic building block
integer - All whole numbers (both positive and negative) and zero.
prime number - A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.
composite number - A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors.
rational number - A number that can be written as a fraction
irrational number - a number that can NOT be expressed as a ratio of two integers or as a repeating
or terminating decimal - Pi or any square root of an imperfect square are considered irrational
Number line -
absolute value - The distance a number is from zero on a number line
divisor - The number by which another number is divided.
quotient - the answer to a division problem
Parenthesis -
Exponet - number that represents the number of times the base is used as a factor
root - a solution of an equation
perfect square - a square of a whole number
, order of operations - PEMDAS (parenthesis, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition,
Subtraction)
common factor - Any common factor of two or more numbers.
prime factorization - a number written as the product of all its prime factors
GCF (Greatest Common Factor) - the greatest number that is a factor of two or more numbers
least common multiple (LCM) - The smallest multiple (other than zero) that two or more numbers
have in common.
fraction - part of a whole
numerator - the top number in a fraction
denominator - The bottom number in a fraction
equivelent fractions - when one fraction is equal to another.
common denominator - A denominator that is the same in two or more fractions.
Adding and Subtracting Fractions - make denominator same number then add or subtract across
Multiplying Fractions - 1. Multiply the numerators.
2. Multiply the denominators.
Dividing Fractions - To divide fractions, invert the second one and multiply
Multiplying mixed numbers - Change to an improper fraction and multiply; then change the answer,
if in improper form, back to a mixed number and reduce if necessary.
