CVP Test 2025/2026 – Expert-Verified Questions &
Solutions!
1. Which of the following terms is used to describe the amount of air that is left in the lungs after a
maximal expiration?
a. Residual volume
b. Tidal volume
c. Expiratory reserve volume
d. Forced expiratory volume - A. Residual volume
3. Which of the following is associated with cor pulmonale?
a. Occurs in response to adequate oxygenation of the blood
b. Is right sided heat failure
c. Occurs in patients with chronic bronchitis
d. A and B
e. B and C - E. B and C
4. Given the following muscles, which of the following are involved with increasing the volume of the
thorax?
1-diaphragm, 2-external intercostals, 3-internal intercostals, 4-rectus abdominis
a. 1,2
b. 1,3
c. 2,3
d. 2,4
e. 3,4 - A. 1,2
5. Which of the following arrhythmias is characterized by two R waves?
a. Buncle branch block
b. Atrial fibrillation
c. First degree AV block
d. Sinus tachycardia - A. Bundle Branch Block
,7. Which of the following is a characteristic change associated with acute respiratory distress
syndrome?
a. Infiltration of proteins and water into the pleural cavity
b. Increased permeability of alveolar-capillary membranes
c. Decreased compliance of the lungs
d. Increased production of surfactant - B. Increased permeability of alveolar-capillary membranes.
8. The diffusion from the alveolus capillary blood occurs because of which of the following?
a. The PO2 is less in the alveolar capillary than in the alveolus
b. The PO2 is less in the atmosphere than in the atrial blood
c. The PO2 is lower in the tissues than in the tissue capillary
d. The PO2 is higher in the tissue cell than in the alveolus - A. The PO2 is less in the alveolar capillary
that in the alveolus
9. Which of the following is accurate with respect to Starling's law of the heart?
a. Increased venous return produces an decrease in stroke volume output to diastolic relaxation of
myocardial fibers
b. Increasing venous return produces an increase in cardiac output via sympathetic nervous system
mechanism
c. Increased cardiac output results from increased cardiac contractility that is related to the diastolic
stretching of myocardial fibers
d. Increasing the force against which the heart must pump increases the pumping efficiency of the
heart - c. Increased cardiac output results from increased cardiac contractility that is related to the
diastolic stretching of myocardial fibers
10. Abnormal blood gases leading to polycythemia and cor pulmonale are life-threatening
manifestations of which of the following?
a. Emphysema
b. Pneumonia
c. Asthma
d. Chronic bronchitis - d. Chronic bronchitis
, 11. Administering high concentrations of oxygen to a person with chronic hypoxia can be harmful
because of which of the following?
a. High concentrations are irritating to mucous membranes
b. High concentrations suppress the oxygen chemoreceptors which provide the main stimulus for
ventilation
c. In high concentrations, the viscosity of oxygen increases airway resistance
d. High concentrations of oxygen can cause bronchospasm - b. High concentrations suppress the
oxygen chemoreceptors which provide the main stimulus for ventilation
12. All of the following are part of the pathophysiology of emphysema EXCEPT:
a. Excess production of mucus
b. Destruction of alveolar and capillary membranes
c. Dilatation of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles
d. Loss of lung elasticity - a. Excess production of mucus
13. Persons with COPD have a decrease in their FEV1.0 and FVC that is measured during pulmonary
function studies. The FVC refers to which of the following?
a. The amount of air that can be exchanged during normal breathing
b. The maximal amount of air that is exhaled in one second
c. The maximal amount of air that can be exhaled after maximal inspiration
d. The total volume of air that is contained in the lungs - c. The maximal amount of air that can be
exhaled after maximal inspiration
14. Fibrothorax can occur from all of the following EXCEPT?
a. Empyema
b. Lung Cancer
c. Pleural effusion
d. Croup - d. Croup
15. Which of the following conditions could cause compression atelectasis?
a. Pleural effusion
b. Neoplasm in the pleural cavity
c. Chronic bronchitis
Solutions!
1. Which of the following terms is used to describe the amount of air that is left in the lungs after a
maximal expiration?
a. Residual volume
b. Tidal volume
c. Expiratory reserve volume
d. Forced expiratory volume - A. Residual volume
3. Which of the following is associated with cor pulmonale?
a. Occurs in response to adequate oxygenation of the blood
b. Is right sided heat failure
c. Occurs in patients with chronic bronchitis
d. A and B
e. B and C - E. B and C
4. Given the following muscles, which of the following are involved with increasing the volume of the
thorax?
1-diaphragm, 2-external intercostals, 3-internal intercostals, 4-rectus abdominis
a. 1,2
b. 1,3
c. 2,3
d. 2,4
e. 3,4 - A. 1,2
5. Which of the following arrhythmias is characterized by two R waves?
a. Buncle branch block
b. Atrial fibrillation
c. First degree AV block
d. Sinus tachycardia - A. Bundle Branch Block
,7. Which of the following is a characteristic change associated with acute respiratory distress
syndrome?
a. Infiltration of proteins and water into the pleural cavity
b. Increased permeability of alveolar-capillary membranes
c. Decreased compliance of the lungs
d. Increased production of surfactant - B. Increased permeability of alveolar-capillary membranes.
8. The diffusion from the alveolus capillary blood occurs because of which of the following?
a. The PO2 is less in the alveolar capillary than in the alveolus
b. The PO2 is less in the atmosphere than in the atrial blood
c. The PO2 is lower in the tissues than in the tissue capillary
d. The PO2 is higher in the tissue cell than in the alveolus - A. The PO2 is less in the alveolar capillary
that in the alveolus
9. Which of the following is accurate with respect to Starling's law of the heart?
a. Increased venous return produces an decrease in stroke volume output to diastolic relaxation of
myocardial fibers
b. Increasing venous return produces an increase in cardiac output via sympathetic nervous system
mechanism
c. Increased cardiac output results from increased cardiac contractility that is related to the diastolic
stretching of myocardial fibers
d. Increasing the force against which the heart must pump increases the pumping efficiency of the
heart - c. Increased cardiac output results from increased cardiac contractility that is related to the
diastolic stretching of myocardial fibers
10. Abnormal blood gases leading to polycythemia and cor pulmonale are life-threatening
manifestations of which of the following?
a. Emphysema
b. Pneumonia
c. Asthma
d. Chronic bronchitis - d. Chronic bronchitis
, 11. Administering high concentrations of oxygen to a person with chronic hypoxia can be harmful
because of which of the following?
a. High concentrations are irritating to mucous membranes
b. High concentrations suppress the oxygen chemoreceptors which provide the main stimulus for
ventilation
c. In high concentrations, the viscosity of oxygen increases airway resistance
d. High concentrations of oxygen can cause bronchospasm - b. High concentrations suppress the
oxygen chemoreceptors which provide the main stimulus for ventilation
12. All of the following are part of the pathophysiology of emphysema EXCEPT:
a. Excess production of mucus
b. Destruction of alveolar and capillary membranes
c. Dilatation of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles
d. Loss of lung elasticity - a. Excess production of mucus
13. Persons with COPD have a decrease in their FEV1.0 and FVC that is measured during pulmonary
function studies. The FVC refers to which of the following?
a. The amount of air that can be exchanged during normal breathing
b. The maximal amount of air that is exhaled in one second
c. The maximal amount of air that can be exhaled after maximal inspiration
d. The total volume of air that is contained in the lungs - c. The maximal amount of air that can be
exhaled after maximal inspiration
14. Fibrothorax can occur from all of the following EXCEPT?
a. Empyema
b. Lung Cancer
c. Pleural effusion
d. Croup - d. Croup
15. Which of the following conditions could cause compression atelectasis?
a. Pleural effusion
b. Neoplasm in the pleural cavity
c. Chronic bronchitis
