1. What is 'utilitarianism'?
A. A theory that emphasizes duty over consequences
B. A belief in the inherent rights of individuals
C. A doctrine that actions are right if they benefit the majority
D. A focus on personal virtue and character
Answer: C. A doctrine that actions are right if they benefit the
majority
Rationale: Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that posits the best
action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility.
2. What is 'epistemology' the study of?
A. The nature of being
B. The nature of knowledge
C. The nature of reality
D. The nature of beauty
Answer: B. The nature of knowledge
Rationale: Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned
with the theory of knowledge, exploring the nature, origin, and
limits of human understanding.
,3. Which philosopher is known for the statement, "I think,
therefore I am"?
A. Immanuel Kant
B. René Descartes
C. John Locke
D. David Hume
Answer: B. René Descartes
Rationale: René Descartes coined the phrase "Cogito, ergo sum,"
which translates to "I think, therefore I am," emphasizing the act
of thinking as evidence of one's existence.
4. Who wrote 'The Republic,' a work focusing on justice and the
ideal state?
A. Aristotle
B. Socrates
C. Plato
D. Epicurus
Answer: C. Plato
Rationale: Plato authored 'The Republic,' which explores justice,
the just society, and the philosopher-king concept.
5. Which philosopher is known for the 'veil of ignorance'?
A. Robert Nozick
, B. John Rawls
C. Friedrich Hayek
D. Adam Smith
Answer: B. John Rawls
Rationale: The veil of ignorance is a thought experiment in Rawls'
A Theory of Justice, designed to ensure fairness by imagining
decisions made without knowledge of one's societal position.
6. Which philosopher developed the idea of 'justice as fairness'?
A. Robert Nozick
B. John Rawls
C. Jeremy Bentham
D. Karl Marx
Answer: B. John Rawls
Rationale: In his book A Theory of Justice, Rawls outlines his
concept of justice as fairness, emphasizing equality and the 'veil of
ignorance.'
7. Who proposed the idea of the 'Übermensch' (Overman)?
A. Karl Marx
B. Friedrich Nietzsche
C. Sigmund Freud
A. A theory that emphasizes duty over consequences
B. A belief in the inherent rights of individuals
C. A doctrine that actions are right if they benefit the majority
D. A focus on personal virtue and character
Answer: C. A doctrine that actions are right if they benefit the
majority
Rationale: Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that posits the best
action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility.
2. What is 'epistemology' the study of?
A. The nature of being
B. The nature of knowledge
C. The nature of reality
D. The nature of beauty
Answer: B. The nature of knowledge
Rationale: Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned
with the theory of knowledge, exploring the nature, origin, and
limits of human understanding.
,3. Which philosopher is known for the statement, "I think,
therefore I am"?
A. Immanuel Kant
B. René Descartes
C. John Locke
D. David Hume
Answer: B. René Descartes
Rationale: René Descartes coined the phrase "Cogito, ergo sum,"
which translates to "I think, therefore I am," emphasizing the act
of thinking as evidence of one's existence.
4. Who wrote 'The Republic,' a work focusing on justice and the
ideal state?
A. Aristotle
B. Socrates
C. Plato
D. Epicurus
Answer: C. Plato
Rationale: Plato authored 'The Republic,' which explores justice,
the just society, and the philosopher-king concept.
5. Which philosopher is known for the 'veil of ignorance'?
A. Robert Nozick
, B. John Rawls
C. Friedrich Hayek
D. Adam Smith
Answer: B. John Rawls
Rationale: The veil of ignorance is a thought experiment in Rawls'
A Theory of Justice, designed to ensure fairness by imagining
decisions made without knowledge of one's societal position.
6. Which philosopher developed the idea of 'justice as fairness'?
A. Robert Nozick
B. John Rawls
C. Jeremy Bentham
D. Karl Marx
Answer: B. John Rawls
Rationale: In his book A Theory of Justice, Rawls outlines his
concept of justice as fairness, emphasizing equality and the 'veil of
ignorance.'
7. Who proposed the idea of the 'Übermensch' (Overman)?
A. Karl Marx
B. Friedrich Nietzsche
C. Sigmund Freud
