PSYC 140 Developmental Psychology
Module 7 Exam Questions with Correct
Detailed Answers || Already Graded A+
<Recent Version>
Portage Learning
1. Briefly discuss the types of physical changes that occur in early adulthood.
Why is this type of development considered multidirectional? - ANSWER ✔
The list given in this module shows an overview of certain types of physical
decline:
-Maximum heart rate may gradually decrease
-Respiratory capacity gradually decreases (becomes noticeable after age 25
under heavy exercise conditions)
-Lens of the eye stiffens, thickens
-Sensitivity to sound at high frequencies decreases
-Fast-twitch muscles decline in size and amount
Multidirectional indicates that there are both declines and improvements in
the same person during this time period.
2. Physical changes in early adulthood - ANSWER ✔ Most development and
maturation are complete; -peak of physical capabilities
-senses are as sharp as they will be
-gray brain matter is pruned and myelination increases (these changes
support cognitive development)
-psychomotor abilities (hand-eye coordination, reaction time, muscular
strength) are at peak
3. Postformal thought - ANSWER ✔ Thinking that acknowledges that adult
predicaments must sometimes be solved in relativistic terms (beyond
Piaget's formal operations); encompasses interpretive and subjective
, thinking; problem solving in adulthood has to consider previous experiences,
logical thinking, and the relative benefits and costs to a decision
4. Giesela Labouvie-Vief suggests... - ANSWER ✔ Thinking changes
qualitatively to transcend logic and include practical experience, moral
judgments, and values; thinking must develop to handle ambiguous
situations
5. Perry's approach to postformal thinking - ANSWER ✔ He examined the
way students grew intellectually and morally during college - studied
students at Harvard University; found that students entering college tend to
use dualistic thinking (something is right or wrong), but as they are exposed
to new views, students begin to hold multiple perspectives or relativistic
thinking (different standards and values can all be equally valid)
-transition from dualistic to relativistic thinking
6. Schaie's stages of development - ANSWER ✔ Acquisitive stage
Achieving stage
Responsible stage
Executive stage
Reintegrative stage
7. Acquisitive stage - ANSWER ✔ Encompasses all of childhood and
adolescence, and the main developmental task is to acquire information
8. Achieving stage - ANSWER ✔ The point reached by young adults in which
intelligence is applied to specific situations involving the attainment of long-
term goals regarding careers, family, and societal contributions
9. Responsible stage - ANSWER ✔ The stage where the major concerns of
middle-aged adults relate to their personal situations, including protecting
and nourishing their spouses, families, and careers
10.Executive stage - ANSWER ✔ The period in middle adulthood when people
take a broader perspective than previously, including concerns about the
world
,11.Reintegrative stage - ANSWER ✔ The period of late adulthood during
which the focus is on tasks that have personal meaning
12.emerging adulthood - ANSWER ✔ in-between period during which
individuals leave adolescence but are not fully adults
13.Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence - ANSWER ✔ -Componential
intelligence
-Experiential intelligence
-Contextual intelligence
14.Componential intelligence - ANSWER ✔ Relates to the mental components
involved in analyzing data and solving problems, especially problems
involving rational behavior
15.Experiential intelligence - ANSWER ✔ Refers to the relationships among
intelligence, people's prior experience, and their ability to cope with new
situations
16.Contextual intelligence - ANSWER ✔ Involves the degree of success people
demonstrate in facing the demands of their everyday, real-world
environments
17.Practical intelligence - ANSWER ✔ According to Sternberg, intelligence
that is learned primarily by observing others and modeling their behavior
18.Emotional intelligence - ANSWER ✔ The set of skills that underlie the
accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, and regulation of emotions
-allows us to get along well with others (understand what others are feeling,
read social situations well)
19.Creativity - ANSWER ✔ The combination of responses or ideas in novel
(creative) ways
-at its peak in early adulthood (for most people)
-creative people are willing to take risks and endorse unfashionable ideas
20.College demographics - ANSWER ✔ -College students primarily white and
middle class (but minority students are increasing)
, -more women enrolled and earning bachelor's degrees than men (more entry-
level jobs are available to men with only high school diplomas, such as
construction)
21.College dropout rate - ANSWER ✔ -only 40% of students who start finish 4
years later
-only 50% complete college with a degree (50% dropout rate)
-60% dropout rate for African Americans
22.How college improves economic well-being - ANSWER ✔ Only 3% of
adults with a college education live below the poverty line
23.High school dropouts are __________ times more likely to live below the
poverty line as adults who have a college education - ANSWER ✔ 10
24.Maturation reform - ANSWER ✔ Change in attitude to acquiring stability
-some students come to college later in life in order to achieve this
25.Gender biases in college - ANSWER ✔ -classes in education, social sciences
have more women
-classes in sciences have more men
-men more apt to view themselves above average on several topics related to
academic success
-teachers call on men more often and make more eye contact; men receive
more extra help and positive reinforcement
26.Disidentification - ANSWER ✔ Lack of identification with the academic
domain
-Steele proposed reason both women and African Americans perform less
well in college is due to academic disidentification:
-Women disidentify with math and science
-African Americans disidentify across academic domains
27.First-year adjustment reaction - ANSWER ✔ Cluster of psychological
symptoms (loneliness, anxiety, depression) experienced by first-year college
students - more common in highly successful high school students
Module 7 Exam Questions with Correct
Detailed Answers || Already Graded A+
<Recent Version>
Portage Learning
1. Briefly discuss the types of physical changes that occur in early adulthood.
Why is this type of development considered multidirectional? - ANSWER ✔
The list given in this module shows an overview of certain types of physical
decline:
-Maximum heart rate may gradually decrease
-Respiratory capacity gradually decreases (becomes noticeable after age 25
under heavy exercise conditions)
-Lens of the eye stiffens, thickens
-Sensitivity to sound at high frequencies decreases
-Fast-twitch muscles decline in size and amount
Multidirectional indicates that there are both declines and improvements in
the same person during this time period.
2. Physical changes in early adulthood - ANSWER ✔ Most development and
maturation are complete; -peak of physical capabilities
-senses are as sharp as they will be
-gray brain matter is pruned and myelination increases (these changes
support cognitive development)
-psychomotor abilities (hand-eye coordination, reaction time, muscular
strength) are at peak
3. Postformal thought - ANSWER ✔ Thinking that acknowledges that adult
predicaments must sometimes be solved in relativistic terms (beyond
Piaget's formal operations); encompasses interpretive and subjective
, thinking; problem solving in adulthood has to consider previous experiences,
logical thinking, and the relative benefits and costs to a decision
4. Giesela Labouvie-Vief suggests... - ANSWER ✔ Thinking changes
qualitatively to transcend logic and include practical experience, moral
judgments, and values; thinking must develop to handle ambiguous
situations
5. Perry's approach to postformal thinking - ANSWER ✔ He examined the
way students grew intellectually and morally during college - studied
students at Harvard University; found that students entering college tend to
use dualistic thinking (something is right or wrong), but as they are exposed
to new views, students begin to hold multiple perspectives or relativistic
thinking (different standards and values can all be equally valid)
-transition from dualistic to relativistic thinking
6. Schaie's stages of development - ANSWER ✔ Acquisitive stage
Achieving stage
Responsible stage
Executive stage
Reintegrative stage
7. Acquisitive stage - ANSWER ✔ Encompasses all of childhood and
adolescence, and the main developmental task is to acquire information
8. Achieving stage - ANSWER ✔ The point reached by young adults in which
intelligence is applied to specific situations involving the attainment of long-
term goals regarding careers, family, and societal contributions
9. Responsible stage - ANSWER ✔ The stage where the major concerns of
middle-aged adults relate to their personal situations, including protecting
and nourishing their spouses, families, and careers
10.Executive stage - ANSWER ✔ The period in middle adulthood when people
take a broader perspective than previously, including concerns about the
world
,11.Reintegrative stage - ANSWER ✔ The period of late adulthood during
which the focus is on tasks that have personal meaning
12.emerging adulthood - ANSWER ✔ in-between period during which
individuals leave adolescence but are not fully adults
13.Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence - ANSWER ✔ -Componential
intelligence
-Experiential intelligence
-Contextual intelligence
14.Componential intelligence - ANSWER ✔ Relates to the mental components
involved in analyzing data and solving problems, especially problems
involving rational behavior
15.Experiential intelligence - ANSWER ✔ Refers to the relationships among
intelligence, people's prior experience, and their ability to cope with new
situations
16.Contextual intelligence - ANSWER ✔ Involves the degree of success people
demonstrate in facing the demands of their everyday, real-world
environments
17.Practical intelligence - ANSWER ✔ According to Sternberg, intelligence
that is learned primarily by observing others and modeling their behavior
18.Emotional intelligence - ANSWER ✔ The set of skills that underlie the
accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, and regulation of emotions
-allows us to get along well with others (understand what others are feeling,
read social situations well)
19.Creativity - ANSWER ✔ The combination of responses or ideas in novel
(creative) ways
-at its peak in early adulthood (for most people)
-creative people are willing to take risks and endorse unfashionable ideas
20.College demographics - ANSWER ✔ -College students primarily white and
middle class (but minority students are increasing)
, -more women enrolled and earning bachelor's degrees than men (more entry-
level jobs are available to men with only high school diplomas, such as
construction)
21.College dropout rate - ANSWER ✔ -only 40% of students who start finish 4
years later
-only 50% complete college with a degree (50% dropout rate)
-60% dropout rate for African Americans
22.How college improves economic well-being - ANSWER ✔ Only 3% of
adults with a college education live below the poverty line
23.High school dropouts are __________ times more likely to live below the
poverty line as adults who have a college education - ANSWER ✔ 10
24.Maturation reform - ANSWER ✔ Change in attitude to acquiring stability
-some students come to college later in life in order to achieve this
25.Gender biases in college - ANSWER ✔ -classes in education, social sciences
have more women
-classes in sciences have more men
-men more apt to view themselves above average on several topics related to
academic success
-teachers call on men more often and make more eye contact; men receive
more extra help and positive reinforcement
26.Disidentification - ANSWER ✔ Lack of identification with the academic
domain
-Steele proposed reason both women and African Americans perform less
well in college is due to academic disidentification:
-Women disidentify with math and science
-African Americans disidentify across academic domains
27.First-year adjustment reaction - ANSWER ✔ Cluster of psychological
symptoms (loneliness, anxiety, depression) experienced by first-year college
students - more common in highly successful high school students
