Test Bank For Genetics A Conceptual Approach 7th Edition By:Benja
d d d d d d d d d d
min A. Pierce
d d
,Chapterd1:dIntroductiondtodGeneticsdfromdGenetics:dAdConceptualdApproach
1. Whichdofdthedfollowingdbestddefinesdgenetics?
A) Thedstudydofdlivingdorganisms
B) Thedstudydofdgenesdanddheredity
C) Thedstudydofddiseasesdanddtheirdcauses
D) Thedstudydofdcelldstructures
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dThedstudydofdgenesdanddheredity
Rationale:dGeneticsdfocusesdspecificallydondhowdtraitsdanddcharacteristicsdaredinheriteddt
hroughdgenes.dThisdfoundationaldknowledgedisdcrucialdfordunderstandingdmoredcomplexdg
eneticdconcepts.dUnderstandingdgeneticsdisdessentialdfordnurses,dasdtheydmayddealdwithdge
neticdconditionsdanddcounseling.
2. Whichdtermddescribesdthedobservabledcharacteristicsdofdandorganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dPhenotype
Rationale:dThedphenotypedrefersdtodthedphysicaldexpressiondofdgeneticdtraits,dwhiledgenoty
pedrefersdtodthedgeneticdmakeup.dNursesdmustdbedabledtoddifferentiatedbetweendthesedtermsdto
dprovidedeffectivededucationdanddsupportdtodpatientsdregardingdgeneticdconditions.
3. WhatdisdthedprimarydfunctiondofdDNA?
A) Todprovidedenergydfordcellulardprocesses
B) Todstoredanddtransmitdgeneticdinformation
C) Todcatalyzedbiochemicaldreactions
D) Todservedasdadstructuraldcomponentdofdcells
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dTodstoredanddtransmitdgeneticdinformation
Rationale:dDNAdholdsdthedinstructionsdfordtheddevelopmentdanddfunctioningdofdlivingdorg
anisms,dwhichdisdcentraldtodgeneticdstudies.dUnderstandingdthedroledofdDNAdisdvitaldfordnurs
es,despeciallydwhenddiscussingdgeneticdtestingdanddcounseling.
4. Whichdofdthedfollowingdbestddescribesdalleles?
A) Differentdformsdofdadgene
B) Thedsamedformdofdadgene
C) Chromosomesdthatddeterminedsex
D) Cellsdthatdcontaindgeneticdmaterial
CorrectdAnswer:dA)dDifferentdformsdofdadgene
Rationale:dAllelesdrepresentdvariationsdofdadparticulardgene,dcontributingdtodgeneticddivers
ity.dNursesdmustdunderstanddallelesdtodhelpdexplaindinheritancedpatternsdanddgeneticddisorde
rsdtodpatients.
5. Ifdadpersondhasdtwodidenticaldallelesdfordadtrait,dtheydaredconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive
, CorrectdAnswer:dA)dHomozygous
Rationale:dHomozygousdindividualsdhavedtwodcopiesdofdthedsamedallele,dwhiledheterozygo
usdindividualsdhaveddifferentdalleles.dThisddistinctiondisdessentialdindgenetics,dasditdinfluences
dthedexpressiondofdtraitsdanddthedriskdofdgeneticddisorders.
6. Whatdisdadgene?
A) AdsegmentdofdDNAdthatdcodesdfordadprotein
B) Thedphysicaldlocationdofdchromosomes
C) ThedcompletedsetdofdDNAdindandorganism
D) Adstructuredthatdcarriesdnutrientsdindcells
CorrectdAnswer:dA)dAdsegmentdofdDNAdthatdcodesdfordadprotein
Rationale:dGenesdaredthedbasicdunitsdofdhereditydanddaredcrucialdfordproducingdproteinsdth
atdcarrydoutdvariousdfunctionsdindthedbody.dUnderstandingdgenedfunctiondisdessentialdfordnur
sesdtodassessdgeneticdrisksdanddprovidedappropriatedpatientdeducation.
7. Whichdgeneticddisorderdisdcauseddbydadsingledgenedmutation?
A) Cysticdfibrosis
B) Downdsyndrome
C) Turnerdsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
CorrectdAnswer:dA)dCysticdfibrosis
Rationale:dCysticdfibrosisdisdandautosomaldrecessiveddisorderdresultingdfromdmutationsdindt
hedCFTRdgene,dillustratingdMendeliandinheritancedpatterns.dRecognizingdsuchddisordersdal
lowsdnursesdtodprovidedbetterdcaredanddmanagementdstrategiesdfordaffecteddindividuals.
8. IndMendeliandinheritance,dwhatdisdthedexpecteddphenotypicdratiodofdadmonohybridd
cross?
A)d1:1
B)d3:1
C)d9:3:3:1
D)d1:2:1
CorrectdAnswer:dB)d3:1
Rationale:dAdmonohybriddcrossdtypicallydresultsdindad3:1dratiodofddominantdtodrecessivedp
henotypes.dThisdknowledgedisdimportantdfordnursesdinvolveddindgeneticdcounseling,dasditdhe
lpsdexplaindinheritancedpatternsdtodfamilies.
9. Whichdofdthedfollowingdrepresentsdadcarrierdfordadrecessivedgeneticddisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) Nonedofdthedabove
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dAa
Rationale:dAdcarrierdhasdoneddominantdanddonedrecessivedallele,dshowingdnodsymptomsdofdt
heddisorderdbutdcapabledofdpassingdthedrecessivedalleledtodoffspring.dUnderstandingdcarriersd
isdvitaldindgeneticdcounselingdanddassessingdfamilydrisks.
10. Whatdisdthedsignificancedofdthedhumandgenomedproject?
A) Todclonedhumandgenes
B) Todmapdthedentiredhumandgenome
C) Todidentifydgeneticddisordersdonly
D) Todenhancedagriculturaldcrops
, CorrectdAnswer:dB)dTodmapdthedentiredhumandgenome
Rationale:dThedHumandGenomedProjectdaimeddtodsequencedanddunderstanddalldthedgenesdo
fdthedhumandspecies,dwhichdhasdvastdimplicationsdfordmedicinedanddgenetics.dNursesdshoul
ddbedawaredofdthisdprojectdasditdinformsdgeneticdtestingdanddtreatmentdoptions.
11. Whichdofdthedfollowingdisdandexampledofdaddominantdtrait?
A) Bluedeyes
B) BlooddtypedO
C) Hitchhiker'sdthumb
D) Cysticdfibrosis
CorrectdAnswer:dC)dHitchhiker'sdthumb
Rationale:dHitchhiker'sdthumbdisdaddominantdtrait;dthedothersdaredeitherdrecessivedordblooddt
ypesddetermineddbydcodominance.dUnderstandingddominantdtraitsdisdcrucialdfordnursesdwhe
nddiscussingdgeneticdinheritancedwithdpatients.
12. Indadpedigreedchart,dadfilleddsymboldtypicallydrepresentsdwhichdofdthedfollowing?
A) Carrier
B) Affecteddindividual
C) Male
D) Female
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dAffecteddindividual
Rationale:dFilleddsymbolsdindadpedigreedindicatedindividualsdexpressingdadparticulardtraitdo
rdconditiondbeingdstudied.dKnowledgedofdpedigreedchartsdisdessentialdfordnursesdassessingdfa
milydhistoriesdanddgeneticdrisks.
13. Whichdofdthedfollowingdisdtruedregardingdsex-linkeddtraits?
A) Theydaredinheriteddequallydbydmalesdanddfemales.
B) Theydaredalwaysdexpresseddindmales.
C) TheydaredonlydfounddondthedYdchromosome.
D) Theydaredtypicallydmoredcommondindmalesdthandfemales.
CorrectdAnswer:dD)dTheydaredtypicallydmoredcommondindmalesdthandfemales.dRationale
:dSex-
linkeddtraitsdaredoftendcarrieddondthedXdchromosome,dleadingdtodhigherdexpressiondindmale
s,dwhodhavedonlydonedXdchromosome.dNursesdshoulddunderstanddsex-
dlinkeddinheritancedpatternsdfordeffectivedgeneticdcounseling.
14. WhatdisdthedroledofdmessengerdRNAd(mRNA)dindproteindsynthesis?
A) Itdcatalyzesdthedformationdofdproteins.
B) ItdcarriesdgeneticdinformationdfromdDNAdtodribosomes.
C) ItdhelpsdindDNAdreplication.
D) ItdprotectsdDNAdfromddegradation.
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dItdcarriesdgeneticdinformationdfromdDNAdtodribosomes.
Rationale:dmRNAdisdcrucialdfordtranslatingdgeneticdinformationdintodproteins,dfunctioningda
sdadtemplatedfordproteindsynthesis.dUnderstandingdmRNA'sdroledaidsdnursesdinddiscussingdge
neticdtherapiesdanddtreatments.
15. Whichdtermddescribesdandorganism'sdgeneticdmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dGenotype
d d d d d d d d d d
min A. Pierce
d d
,Chapterd1:dIntroductiondtodGeneticsdfromdGenetics:dAdConceptualdApproach
1. Whichdofdthedfollowingdbestddefinesdgenetics?
A) Thedstudydofdlivingdorganisms
B) Thedstudydofdgenesdanddheredity
C) Thedstudydofddiseasesdanddtheirdcauses
D) Thedstudydofdcelldstructures
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dThedstudydofdgenesdanddheredity
Rationale:dGeneticsdfocusesdspecificallydondhowdtraitsdanddcharacteristicsdaredinheriteddt
hroughdgenes.dThisdfoundationaldknowledgedisdcrucialdfordunderstandingdmoredcomplexdg
eneticdconcepts.dUnderstandingdgeneticsdisdessentialdfordnurses,dasdtheydmayddealdwithdge
neticdconditionsdanddcounseling.
2. Whichdtermddescribesdthedobservabledcharacteristicsdofdandorganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dPhenotype
Rationale:dThedphenotypedrefersdtodthedphysicaldexpressiondofdgeneticdtraits,dwhiledgenoty
pedrefersdtodthedgeneticdmakeup.dNursesdmustdbedabledtoddifferentiatedbetweendthesedtermsdto
dprovidedeffectivededucationdanddsupportdtodpatientsdregardingdgeneticdconditions.
3. WhatdisdthedprimarydfunctiondofdDNA?
A) Todprovidedenergydfordcellulardprocesses
B) Todstoredanddtransmitdgeneticdinformation
C) Todcatalyzedbiochemicaldreactions
D) Todservedasdadstructuraldcomponentdofdcells
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dTodstoredanddtransmitdgeneticdinformation
Rationale:dDNAdholdsdthedinstructionsdfordtheddevelopmentdanddfunctioningdofdlivingdorg
anisms,dwhichdisdcentraldtodgeneticdstudies.dUnderstandingdthedroledofdDNAdisdvitaldfordnurs
es,despeciallydwhenddiscussingdgeneticdtestingdanddcounseling.
4. Whichdofdthedfollowingdbestddescribesdalleles?
A) Differentdformsdofdadgene
B) Thedsamedformdofdadgene
C) Chromosomesdthatddeterminedsex
D) Cellsdthatdcontaindgeneticdmaterial
CorrectdAnswer:dA)dDifferentdformsdofdadgene
Rationale:dAllelesdrepresentdvariationsdofdadparticulardgene,dcontributingdtodgeneticddivers
ity.dNursesdmustdunderstanddallelesdtodhelpdexplaindinheritancedpatternsdanddgeneticddisorde
rsdtodpatients.
5. Ifdadpersondhasdtwodidenticaldallelesdfordadtrait,dtheydaredconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive
, CorrectdAnswer:dA)dHomozygous
Rationale:dHomozygousdindividualsdhavedtwodcopiesdofdthedsamedallele,dwhiledheterozygo
usdindividualsdhaveddifferentdalleles.dThisddistinctiondisdessentialdindgenetics,dasditdinfluences
dthedexpressiondofdtraitsdanddthedriskdofdgeneticddisorders.
6. Whatdisdadgene?
A) AdsegmentdofdDNAdthatdcodesdfordadprotein
B) Thedphysicaldlocationdofdchromosomes
C) ThedcompletedsetdofdDNAdindandorganism
D) Adstructuredthatdcarriesdnutrientsdindcells
CorrectdAnswer:dA)dAdsegmentdofdDNAdthatdcodesdfordadprotein
Rationale:dGenesdaredthedbasicdunitsdofdhereditydanddaredcrucialdfordproducingdproteinsdth
atdcarrydoutdvariousdfunctionsdindthedbody.dUnderstandingdgenedfunctiondisdessentialdfordnur
sesdtodassessdgeneticdrisksdanddprovidedappropriatedpatientdeducation.
7. Whichdgeneticddisorderdisdcauseddbydadsingledgenedmutation?
A) Cysticdfibrosis
B) Downdsyndrome
C) Turnerdsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
CorrectdAnswer:dA)dCysticdfibrosis
Rationale:dCysticdfibrosisdisdandautosomaldrecessiveddisorderdresultingdfromdmutationsdindt
hedCFTRdgene,dillustratingdMendeliandinheritancedpatterns.dRecognizingdsuchddisordersdal
lowsdnursesdtodprovidedbetterdcaredanddmanagementdstrategiesdfordaffecteddindividuals.
8. IndMendeliandinheritance,dwhatdisdthedexpecteddphenotypicdratiodofdadmonohybridd
cross?
A)d1:1
B)d3:1
C)d9:3:3:1
D)d1:2:1
CorrectdAnswer:dB)d3:1
Rationale:dAdmonohybriddcrossdtypicallydresultsdindad3:1dratiodofddominantdtodrecessivedp
henotypes.dThisdknowledgedisdimportantdfordnursesdinvolveddindgeneticdcounseling,dasditdhe
lpsdexplaindinheritancedpatternsdtodfamilies.
9. Whichdofdthedfollowingdrepresentsdadcarrierdfordadrecessivedgeneticddisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) Nonedofdthedabove
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dAa
Rationale:dAdcarrierdhasdoneddominantdanddonedrecessivedallele,dshowingdnodsymptomsdofdt
heddisorderdbutdcapabledofdpassingdthedrecessivedalleledtodoffspring.dUnderstandingdcarriersd
isdvitaldindgeneticdcounselingdanddassessingdfamilydrisks.
10. Whatdisdthedsignificancedofdthedhumandgenomedproject?
A) Todclonedhumandgenes
B) Todmapdthedentiredhumandgenome
C) Todidentifydgeneticddisordersdonly
D) Todenhancedagriculturaldcrops
, CorrectdAnswer:dB)dTodmapdthedentiredhumandgenome
Rationale:dThedHumandGenomedProjectdaimeddtodsequencedanddunderstanddalldthedgenesdo
fdthedhumandspecies,dwhichdhasdvastdimplicationsdfordmedicinedanddgenetics.dNursesdshoul
ddbedawaredofdthisdprojectdasditdinformsdgeneticdtestingdanddtreatmentdoptions.
11. Whichdofdthedfollowingdisdandexampledofdaddominantdtrait?
A) Bluedeyes
B) BlooddtypedO
C) Hitchhiker'sdthumb
D) Cysticdfibrosis
CorrectdAnswer:dC)dHitchhiker'sdthumb
Rationale:dHitchhiker'sdthumbdisdaddominantdtrait;dthedothersdaredeitherdrecessivedordblooddt
ypesddetermineddbydcodominance.dUnderstandingddominantdtraitsdisdcrucialdfordnursesdwhe
nddiscussingdgeneticdinheritancedwithdpatients.
12. Indadpedigreedchart,dadfilleddsymboldtypicallydrepresentsdwhichdofdthedfollowing?
A) Carrier
B) Affecteddindividual
C) Male
D) Female
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dAffecteddindividual
Rationale:dFilleddsymbolsdindadpedigreedindicatedindividualsdexpressingdadparticulardtraitdo
rdconditiondbeingdstudied.dKnowledgedofdpedigreedchartsdisdessentialdfordnursesdassessingdfa
milydhistoriesdanddgeneticdrisks.
13. Whichdofdthedfollowingdisdtruedregardingdsex-linkeddtraits?
A) Theydaredinheriteddequallydbydmalesdanddfemales.
B) Theydaredalwaysdexpresseddindmales.
C) TheydaredonlydfounddondthedYdchromosome.
D) Theydaredtypicallydmoredcommondindmalesdthandfemales.
CorrectdAnswer:dD)dTheydaredtypicallydmoredcommondindmalesdthandfemales.dRationale
:dSex-
linkeddtraitsdaredoftendcarrieddondthedXdchromosome,dleadingdtodhigherdexpressiondindmale
s,dwhodhavedonlydonedXdchromosome.dNursesdshoulddunderstanddsex-
dlinkeddinheritancedpatternsdfordeffectivedgeneticdcounseling.
14. WhatdisdthedroledofdmessengerdRNAd(mRNA)dindproteindsynthesis?
A) Itdcatalyzesdthedformationdofdproteins.
B) ItdcarriesdgeneticdinformationdfromdDNAdtodribosomes.
C) ItdhelpsdindDNAdreplication.
D) ItdprotectsdDNAdfromddegradation.
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dItdcarriesdgeneticdinformationdfromdDNAdtodribosomes.
Rationale:dmRNAdisdcrucialdfordtranslatingdgeneticdinformationdintodproteins,dfunctioningda
sdadtemplatedfordproteindsynthesis.dUnderstandingdmRNA'sdroledaidsdnursesdinddiscussingdge
neticdtherapiesdanddtreatments.
15. Whichdtermddescribesdandorganism'sdgeneticdmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
CorrectdAnswer:dB)dGenotype
